Objective To explore the symptom prevalence in the patients with pulmonary nodules in Lingnan area and to investigate the influencing factors,thus to provide data support for the construction of differentiation and treatment system of symptoms-syndrome elements-syndromes-constitutions for patients with pulmonary nodules,and to promote the establishment of secondary prevention system of lung cancer with the in-depth participation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods A cross-sectional study was adopted to investigate patients with pulmonary nodules who admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from August 2023 to January 2024.Data collection covered the basic information,clinical characteristics and symptoms of the patients.Likert four-level scale was used for the grading of the severity of the symptoms,multivariate linear regression was adopted to construct three regression models,and then the factors influencing the severity of symptoms of patients with pulmonary nodules were explored.Results(1)A total of 274 patients were enrolled in the analysis,including 160 females and 114 males,with a mean age of(54.44±12.00)years old and the symptom scores averaging(3.97±3.80)point.The included patients with pulmonary nodules were characterized by females outnumbering males,a higher proportion of middle-aged and elderly people,multiple pulmonary nodules being more common.(2)The analysis of the symptoms of the 274 patients showed that symptoms with an incidence over 30%were fatigue(116 cases,42.34%),cough(105 cases,38.32%),expectoration of white sputum(89 cases,32.48%),and irritability and distress(87 cases,31.75%).(3)Multivariate linear regression analysis after variable adjustment suggested that the overall symptomatic severity in the male was milder than that in the female[β=-1.67,95%CI(-2.67,-0.68),P<0.001],and symptom score was positively correlated with age[β=0.07,95%CI(0.03,0.10),P<0.001],history of exposure to secondhand smoke[β=1.27,95%CI(0.26,2.27),P=0.015],history of exposure to other hazardous substances[β=1.96,95%CI(0.39,3.53),P=0.015],and history of allergy[β=2.38,95%CI(1.22,3.54),P<0.001]significantly.Conclusion The overall symptoms of patients with pulmonary nodules in Lingnan area are mild,and the high prevalence of symptoms are fatigue,cough,expectoration of white sputum,and irritability and distress.The symptom severity is correlated with gender,age,history of exposure to secondhand smoke,history of exposure to other hazardous substances,and history of allergy.

Objective? To explore the incidence of subsyndromal delirium (SSD) in ICU patients after surgery for craniocerebral tumor and its influencing factors. Methods? Totally 100 patients admitted in the General Intensive Care Unit of a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Beijing between January and December 2018 were selected. Confusion Assessment Model for Intensive Unit (CAM-ICU) was used to assess the incidence of SSD in these patients on a daily basis. Their clinical data, including general information, vision and listening, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Scoring System (APACHEⅡ) scores, mechanical ventilation, restraints, oxygenation index, albumin, hemoglobin, Na+, Cl-, K+ and Ca2+ values until they were transferred out of ICU. Univariate analysis was employed to screen the possible risk factors, and unconditional Logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors of SSD in ICU patients. Results? The incidence rate of SSD in the 100 ICU patients after surgery for craniocerebral tumor was 40%(40/100), and 55.0%(22/40) of the patients sustained SSD since day 1-3 after admission into ICU. The average frequency of incidence was 2.08 times, and it lasted (30.80±10.11) h. Logistic regression analysis revealed that infection, pain, APACHE II scores were the independent predictive factors for SSD in ICU patients after surgery for craniocerebral tumor (P＜0.05). Conclusions? The incidence rate of SSD in ICU patients after surgery for craniocerebral tumor is high, and infection, pain and high APACHE Ⅱ scores are likely to lead to SSD.

Objective? To explore the effects of chewing gum on recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients with intraspinal tumors after surgery. Methods? Totally 214 patients with intraspinal tumors treated in the Neurosurgical Ward of Spinal Cord and Spine of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2018 to May 2019 were selected and divided into control (n=107) and observation (n=107) groups. Patients in the control group received conventional anti-constipation care, including postoperative dietary guidance, abdominal massage guidance and rehabilitation training, while patients in the observation group chewed 2 pieces of gum four times a day, each time for 10-15 min after awaking from anesthesia on the basis of conventional nursing care. Both groups received interventions for 7 d. The incidence of constipation and abdominal distension, time of first defecation and oral comfort scores after 7 d postoperatively. Results? The incidence rate of constipation and abdominal distension was 7.48% and 15.89% in the observation group, lower than 25.23% and 37.38% in the control group, and there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (χ2=12.331, 12.650; P＜0.05). The time of first defecation was (19.22±5.64) h in the observation group, earlier than (27.08±6.61) in the control group, and there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (t=-9.366,P＜ 0.05). The oral comfort score after 7 d postoperatively was (8.59±1.13) in the observation group, higher than (5.12±2.66) in the control group, and there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (t=-12.420,P＜0.05). Conclusions? Chewing gum can accelerate the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients with intraspinal tumors after surgery and improve their oral comfort.

Objective? To evaluate the effects of the intelligent nursing and transfusion system on transfusion management in patients with growth hormone adenoma complicated with cardiomyopathy. Methods? The patients with growth hormone adenoma complicated with cardiomyopathy treated in the Department of Neurosurgery in a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital from January 2018 to May 2019 were selected. Totally 78 patients receiving conventional transfusion management from January to October 2018 were included into the control group, while 70 patients admitted from November 2018 to May 2019 after the intelligent nursing and transfusion system was applied were included into the experimental group. The incidence rate of adverse effects in transfusion, correct rate of transfusion speed, incidence rate of arrhythmia and patients' compliant rate in terms of transfusion were evaluated between the two groups. Results? The incidence rate of adverse effects in transfusion in the experimental group was 5.7%, lower than 16.7% in the control group. The correct rate of transfusion speed was 97.0% in the experimental group, higher than 89.3% in the control group, and there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.05). The incidence rates of arrhythmia in the experimental and control groups were 3.6% and 6.7%, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05). The compliant rate about transfusion was 5.7% in the experimental group, lower than 16.7% in the control group, and there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions? The intelligent nursing and transfusion system can improve transfusion management in clinical practice, which not only reduce the incidence rate of adverse effects in transfusion and improve the transfusion safety in patients with growth hormone adenoma complicated with cardiomyopathy, and also reduce the compliant rate about transfusion and improve patients' satisfaction.

Objective To study the effectiveness of nursing intervention on advanced cognitive function and mood disorder in patients with cerebellum tumor and provide basis for clinical care.Methods A total of 144 patients with cerebellar tumor were selected from February 2014 to April 2016 in Neurosurgery Department,Beijing Tian Tan Hospital. Patients were divided to observation group (n=72) and control group (n=72) according to admission order. Patients of the observation received nursing intervention that could improve advanced cognitive function and mood disorder while patients of the control group underwent usual care. Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE), Memory Quotient (MQ), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were applied to evaluate patients' advanced cognitive function and mood disorder before and after intervention in both groups.Results For the observation group, score of MMSE was (19.8±1.6) points and MQ was (107.0±14.6) points which were both higher than those of the control group (t=12.834, 4.234;P< 0.01) at 90 days after operation. At 180 days after operation, for the observation group, score of HAMA was (11.6±2.1) points and HAMD was (15.0±2.8) points which were both lower than those of the control group (t=8.116, 8.583;P<0.01).Conclusions Nursing intervention could improve the advanced cognitive function and mood disorder in patients with cerebellum tumor clearly which could improve cognitive function in language and memory, relieve mood disorder like depression and anxiety, and it is suitable for clinical promotion.

Objective To discuss the effects of different postoperative position care on the recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma (CSH).Methods By convenience sampling method,102 patients with CSH were recruited in this study. These patients were admitted to the department of neurosurgery of Beijing Tiantan Hospital from November 2013 to October 2015,and they were divided into two groups by using random digits table method. In one group,52 patients were in the horizontal position without pillow,while in the other group, 50 patients lay in beds with their heads elevated. All patients received burr hole drainage,and were asked to keep the position that required for three days. Afterwards,specific adjustments were made according to the situations of drainage tubes. CT scans of brains were taken 12 hours,one week and three months respectively after operation. The degree of comfort,pulmonary complications,and recurrence rate were investigated during the period of hospitalization and the three-month′s follow-up.Results The recurrence rates were 7.7% and 20.0% respectively (χ2=2.304,P>0.05) for patients in horizontal position without pillow and patients lay in bed with elevation;the score of comfort were (51.6±3.7) and (62.7±3.3) respectively (t=1.919,P>0.05);and the incidences of pulmonary complications in two groups were 7.7% and 4.0%,the rates of venous thrombosis were 1.9% and 2.0% (χ2=0.138,0.471;P>0.05).Conclusions Compared with patients lying in beds with elevation,horizontal position without pillow can help to decrease the risk of recurrence for patients with CSH, but it may lead to more discomfort. Hence,specific postures should be considered for patients with horizontal position.