Laboratory animal science plays a crucial role in the education and training of medical students.To ensure effective teaching of laboratory animal science in Chinese medicine institutions,the principles of Chinese medicine characteristics and innovation should be incorporated.This pedagogical approach aims to enrich traditional cultural literacy in Chinese medicine and foster the students'capacities for innovation and critical thinking.Daily teaching of laboratory animal science should encompass various educational aspects,including inheritance,ethics,migration,exploration,inspiration,and extension education.By integrating these components and emphasizing the intersections of Chinese medicine with laboratory animal science,important areas,such as animal welfare in Chinese medicine research,the application of Chinese medicine theories in animal experiments,considerations for animal models in Chinese medicine,and the selection of experimental animal species,can be addressed.Additionally,this approach guides new research directions and effectively cultivates the students'scientific research,innovation,and practical abilities.The primary objective of this program is to nurture scientific innovation and practical competence among students while prioritizing the superior quality of innovative education in the context of Chinese medicine.Such efforts offer a solid foundation to advance traditional medical practices and nurture a new generation of professionals dedicated to preserving traditional medicine.

Objective:To preliminarily investigate the effect of blue light on the biological activity of human skin keratinocytes, fibroblasts and melanocytes.Methods:Discarded foreskin tissues were collected from 10 healthy children aged from 3 to 12 years after circumcision surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from June 2021 to December 2021. After epidermis-dermis separation, selective culture was performed to isolate keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and melanocytes. According to the pre-experiment results, the above three types of cells were irradiated with 440 - 450 nm blue light at doses of 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 J/cm 2, and then continued to be cultured for 0, 6, 24, and 48 hours. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) assay was performed to evaluate cellular proliferative activity at each time point, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect levels of interleukin (IL) -18, IL-33, nerve growth factor (NGF), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) secreted by keratinocytes, as well as levels of IL-33 and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) secreted by fibroblasts, NaOH lysis method to determine melanin synthesis rates in melanocytes, and Western blot analysis to determine the relative expression of tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosine-related protease 1 (TRP-1) and dopachrome isomerase (DCT) in melanocytes. Two-way analysis of variance was used to analyze group effects, time effects and interaction effects. Results:After irradiation with blue light, the cellular proliferative activity significantly differed among different doses of blue light irradiation groups and different time points in keratinocytes ( Ftime = 516.20, Fdose = 421.20, Finteraction = 25.05, all P < 0.003), fibroblasts ( Ftime = 129.30, Fdose = 477.80, Finteraction = 10.91, all P < 0.003), and melanocytes ( Ftime = 77.61, Fdose = 138.70, Finteraction = 3.50, all P < 0.003) ; immediately after irradiation, the proliferative activity of keratinocytes and fibroblasts was significantly lower in the 20 - 40 J/cm 2 blue light group than in the 0 J/cm 2 blue light group (all P < 0.003), and the proliferative activity of melanocytes was significantly higher in the 5 J/cm 2 blue light group than in the 0 J/cm 2 blue light group ( P < 0.003) ; the proliferative activity of the 3 types of cells showed decreasing trends with the increase of blue light irradiation doses and culture time. ELISA showed that the concentrations of IL-18, IL-33, NGF, and GM-CSF secreted by keratinocytes, as well as the concentrations of IL-33 and KGF secreted by fibroblasts, tended to increase with the increase of blue light irradiation doses and culture time. The melanin synthesis rates in melanocytes significantly differed among different doses of blue light irradiation groups and different time points ( Ftime = 833.50, Fdose = 249.40, Finteraction = 81.38, all P < 0.003) ; during 0 - 24 hours after blue light irradiation, the melanin synthesis rates tended to increase with the increase of blue light irradiation doses and time; during 24 - 48 hours, the melanin synthesis rates showed decreasing trends with the increase of blue light irradiation doses and culture time compared with that at 24 hours after irradiation; 24 hours after irradiation, the melanin synthesis rates were significantly higher in the 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 J/cm 2 blue light groups (159.50% ± 10.88%, 218.76% ± 8.49%, 333.72% ± 7.72%, 393.29% ± 6.00%, 427.21% ± 8.39%, respectively) than in the 0 J/cm 2 blue light group (102.29% ± 6.57%, all P < 0.003). The relative expression of TYR ( Ftime = 67.94, Fdose = 28.99, Finteraction = 3.71, all P < 0.003), TRP-1 ( Ftime = 21.73, Fdose = 8.38, both P < 0.003) and DCT ( Ftime = 34.51, Fdose = 11.79, both P < 0.003) in melanocytes significantly differed among different doses of blue light irradiation groups and different time points, and tended to increase with the increase of blue light irradiation doses and culture time. Conclusion:Blue light irradiation at doses of 5 - 40 J/cm 2 could inhibit the proliferative activity of human skin keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and melanocytes, and the inhibitory effect tended to increase with the increase of blue light irradiation doses, except an enhancing effect on the proliferative activity of melanocytes observed immediately after irradiation with blue light at 5 J/cm 2; additionally, blue light irradiation at 5 - 40 J/cm 2 could enhance the expression of melanin synthesis-related enzymes in melanocytes, and increase the melanin synthesis rate in melanocytes over a short period of time.

China’s chronic disease management suffers from problems such as unclear institutional function， insufficient information technology application， and weak regulation support. On the basis of current chronic disease management condition in China， this paper proposes to apply the concept of “people-centered” integrated health management to community chronic disease management and discusses the content and procedure of establishing an integrated community-based chronic disease management model driven by massive databases. The model innovatively combines technology integration， data integration and service integration， and can accurately and efficiently realize the "people-centered" full-course health management of various chronic diseases. Shanghai has provided integrated community-based chronic disease management service for 1.98 million citizens through applying this model. The model warrants further effectiveness and economic evaluation. This study provides precious experience for the development of chronic disease prevention and treatment in China.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Jiaomu Gualou Decoction combined with bisoprolol on myocardial microcirculation and oxidative/antioxidant balance in patients with heart failure.Methods:A total of 128 patients with heart failure who met the inclusion criteria from March 2020 to February 2021 in Dagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binhai New Area, Tianjin were divided into 2 groups by random number table method, with 64 in each group. On the basis of conventional treatment, the control group was given oral bisoprolol, and the study group was given Jiaomu Gualou Decoction and oral bisoprolol. Both groups were treated continuously for 4 weeks. TCM syndrome scores were performed before and after treatment. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) were detected by ultrasonic diagnostic equipment, and the frequency, duration and total myocardial ischemia load of the 24-hour ECG were recorded. Lipid peroxide (LPO) was detected by fluorescence method, SOD, MDA and GSH-Px were detected by colorimetric method. The adverse events were recorded and clinical response was evaluated.Results:The response rate was 93.75% (60/64) in the study group and 79.69% (51/64) in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=5.49, P=0.019). After treatment, the scores of shortness of breath, phlegm, sternocostal fullness, and fatigue in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 8.48, 8.15, 8.86, and 6.88, respectively, all Ps<0.001). After treatment, the LVEF of the study group [(53.26±5.18)% vs. (48.65±5.27)%, t=4.99] was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the LVESD [(42.59±3.26) mm vs. (46.98±3.55) mm, t=7.29], LVEDD [(52.79±4.15) mm vs. (57.48±4.60) mm, t=6.06] significantly lower than the control group ( P<0.01). After treatment, frequency of ST segment fall [(2.51±0.42) times/24 h vs. (3.79±0.55) times/24 h, t=14.80], duration [(15.26±3.45) min/24 h vs. (22.65±3.71) min/24 h, t=11.67] and total myocardial ischemia load [(25.79±5.13) mm/min vs. (38.02±5.44) mm/min, t=13.09] were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). After treatment, the levels of serum GSH-Px and SOD in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t values were 10.97, 14.37, respectively, all Ps<0.001), while the levels of LPO and MDA were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 7.50, 11.04, respectively, all Ps<0.001). During the treatment period, the incidence of adverse events was 4.69% (3/64) in the study group and 7.81% (5/64) in the control group, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.13, P=0.715). Conclusion:The Jiaomu Gualou Decoction combined with bisoprolol can improve the cardiac function and myocardial microcirculation in patients with heart failure, promote the body's oxidation/antioxidant balance, relieve the clinical symptoms of patients, and improve the response effect safely.

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of oxidative stress injury and possible pathways in glutaryl CoA dehydrogenase deficient (GCDH -/-) rats with high lysine diet (Lys). Methods:Four-week-old rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: wild type+standard diet group (WT, n=6), GCDH -/-+standard diet group (GCDH -/-, n=11), WT+Lys group ( n=8), GCDH -/-+Lys group ( n=13), WT+Lys+vitamin (V) E group ( n=7), and GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group ( n=12); rats in the WT group and GCDH -/- group were given standard diet, and rats in the WT+Lys group, GCDH -/-+Lys group, WT+Lys+VE group and GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group were given high lysine diet (4.7% Lys); rats in the WT+Lys+VE and GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group were given VE (100 mg/[kg·d]) by intragastric administration once per d, and rats in other groups were given normal saline by intragastric administration once per d. The body mass and survival of rats in each group were observed. Twenty-eight d after intervention, rats were injected intraperitoneally with 10% chloral hydrate and anesthetized; their brains were severed to obtain hippocampal tissues; and pathomorphological changes were observed by HE staining; the content/activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the hippocampus were detected by ELISA; the protein expressions of P38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extra-celluar regulated protein kinase (ERK) in the hippocampus were detected by Western blotting. Results:(1) The survival ratio of rats in the GCDH -/-+Lys group was 9/13, and that in the GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group was 11/12. From the 7 th d of intervention, the body mass of rats in the GCDH -/-+Lys group and GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group was significantly lower than that in the WT group ( P<0.05). (2) As compared with that in the WT group, MDA content in hippocampal tissues of rats in the GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group and GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group was significantly increased ( P<0.05). As compared with WT group, GCDH -/-+Lys group had significantly decreased GPx activity, CAT activity and SOD activity, and statistically decreased GSH content ( P<0.05). As compared with those in the GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group, the GPx activity, CAT activity, SOD activity, and GSH content in the GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group were significantly increased ( P<0.05). (3) Western blotting showed that as compared with that in the WT group, the P38 protein expression in the hippocampus of rats in GCDH -/-+Lys group and GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group was significantly increased ( P<0.05); as compared with GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group, the P38 protein expression in the GCDH -/-+Lys+VE group was statistically decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:There is oxidative stress injury in the hippocampus of GCDH -/- rats with Lys, whose possible mechanism is to activate P38 and initiate MAPK signaling pathway; VE protects GCDH -/- hippocampal cells from oxidative stress by decreasing P38 expression.

Objective To compare ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and chemiluminescence immunoassay(CLIA) measurement of human serum androgen levels in polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS). Methods 160 PCOS patients and 146 healthy subjects(control group) were recruited and their serum androgen levels——measurements of testosterone and dehydcoepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) were tested by UPLC-MS/MS and CLIA. The androgen results combined with body mass index(BMI) were analyzed by ROC curve. According to area under curve(AUC) calculated by SPSS, a better method will be selected to provide accurate test results for physicians. Results (1)AUC of DHEA-S tested by UPLC-MS/MS was significantly higher than the one tested by CLIA(P<0.01). There was no significant difference between the AUC of T tested by UPLC-MS/MS and the one tested by CLIA. (2)AUC of T combined with DHEA-S tested by HPLC was not only significantly higher than the AUC of two combined indicators tested by CLIA(P<0.01),but also significantly higher than the AUC of a single indicator——either T(P<0.01) or DHEA-S(P<0.01) tested by UPLC-MS/MS. (3)The AUC of T,DHEA-S combined with BMI tested by HPLC was not only significantly higher than the AUC of three combined indicators tested by CLIA(P<0.01),but also higher than the AUC of two combined indicators tested by UPLC-MS/MS(P<0.05). Conclusion T and DHEA-S tested by UPLC-MS/MS combined with BMI has a certain reference value in the diagnosis of PCOS.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Bushen-Qingxin decoction for the patients with premature ovarian failure (POF) with kidney deficiency type. Methods A total of 120 POF patients were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. The observation group were treated with Bushen-Qingxin decoction. The control group were treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). After continuous treatment for 3 courses, the clinical efficacy, clinical symptoms and the levels of estrogen (E2), luteotropic hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were comparedbefore and after treatment. Results The total effective rate in the observation group was 86.7% (52/60), and the control group was 60.0% (36/60). The difference was statistically significant (x2=9.588, P=0.002) between two groups. The symptoms aversion to cold, and cold limbs, depressed mood, night sweats were improved significantly better than those in the control group(x2=16.464,16.214,11.525,9.938,P<0.001).After treatment,the serum E2(88.32 ± 9.35 pmol/L vs. 62.10 ± 7.22 pmol/L, t=17.848) in the observation group was significantly higher than this in the control group,while the serum FSH(32.33 ± 4.60 U/L vs.46.82 ± 5.47 U/L,t=15.704),LH(24.80 ± 3.37 U/L vs.32.16 ± 4.02 U/L, t=10.868) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). In the follow-up of 3 months, the recurrence rate in the observation group was 3.8% (2/52), but 16.7% (6/36) in the control group. The difference was statistically significant between two groups (x2=4.231, P=0.040).Conclusions The Bushen-Qingxin decocation can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and restore ovarian function.The Bushen-Qingxin decocation is an effective method for the treatment of premature ovarian failure.

Objective To explore the effect of nicotinaide nucleotide transhydrogenase(NNT) mutation on glucose homeostasis in C57BL/6 mice with mix background. Methods We generated wild type NNT homozygous, mutant NNT homozygous and heterozygous by mating the C57BL/6J (with NNT mutation) and 6N (without NNT mutation). At the age of 4 weeks, those mice were randomly assigned to normal control diet(NCD) or high-fat diet(HFD) for 4 weeks. The body weight was measured every week. At the age of 8 weeks, an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test(IPGTT) and an intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed. Results The body weight growth was not affected by NNT mutation during an HFD fed. NNT mutant mice showed significant glucose intolerance. After 4 weeks of high fat diet, the NNT mutant mice showed a decreased insulin sensitivity, while the glucose excursion curve was not elevated in the heterozygous mice. Conclusion NNT mutation had a significant influence on the phenotype of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance of mice, in particular under a metabolic stress. The phenotypes of heterozygous and homozygous mutant ones differed from each other. When using mice with C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N mixed background in research, NNT mutation should be carefully screened in all metabolic studies.

Objective · To explore the relationship between baseline lipid profiles and long-term cardiovascular outcomes after intervention with hypoglycemic drugs metformin and glipizide and to detect lipid components that can predict the long-term cardiovascular effect of metformin and glipizide.Methods· Liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS) was used to measure 119 lipid components in baseline serum for 116 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) who were treated with glipizide (56 cases,the glipizide group)or metformin (60 cases,the metformin group).Cardiovascular complex end points (including cardiovascular death,all-cause death,nonfatal myocardial infarction,nonfatal stroke,and arterial revascularization) of all patients were followed up.The relationship between lipid components and cardiovascular complex end points was analyzed with Logistic regression analysis.The category-free net reclassification index (cfNRI) and the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to evaluate whether lipid components are helpful for predicting the recurrent cardiovascular events.Results· The differences in baseline drug distribution,clinical characteristics,and biochemical indexes between two groups were not statistically significant,except for diuretics use,serum PC (O-34:2) level,and SM (d18:0-24:0) level.Logistic regression analysis showed that baseline ChE (20:4) was a protective factor for recurrent cardiovascular events in the glipizide group (OR=0.87,P=0.039).ChE (20:4) significantly increased the cfNRI and IDI of cardiovascular complex end points by 69％ and 0.07,respectively (P=0.011,P=0.028).Baseline SM (dl 8:1-22:0) was a risk factor for recurrent cardiovascular events in the metformin group and all participants (OR=1.65,P=0.039;OR=1.64,P=0.014).SM (d18:1-22:0) significantly increased the cfNRI of cardiovascular complex end points in the metformin group and all participants by 74％ and 55％,respectively (P=0.012,P=0.005).Conclusion· Of 119 lipid components measured with LC-QTOF/MS,baseline ChE (20:4) is a protective factor and SM (d18:1-22:0) is a risk factor for cardiovascular complex end points in with T2DM and CHD patients after long-term treatment with metformin and glipizide.Both lipid components are helpful for improving the prediction of recurrent cardiovascular events.

mTOR pathway plays a critical role in cell proliferation, growth and metabolism. This pathway is composed of two different large protein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, which have their distinct downstream effects. Its inhibitor, rapamycin, has been proved to cause β-cell damage and glucose intolerance. Furthermore, various transgenic mouse models and ex vivo studies have revealed that mTORC1 and mTORC2 are both essential for maintaining normal β cell mass and function, whereas the underlying molecular mechanism and the relevance of the whole mTOR signaling to pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes remain to be explored and further clarified.