Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis (EAF) involving the orbit.Methods:We described a case and review the literature of EAF involving the orbit.Results:The literature review has shown 34 similar cases. Nineteen patients combined with other site involvement (17 cases had nasal involvement), whereas 15 had primary orbital involvement. Ocular swelling (18 cases) and epiphora (4 cases) were the most common initial presenting symptoms. The typical histopathologic findings include a perivascular, eosinophil-rich infiltrate and a "onion-skin" type of fibrosis concentrated around small vessels and all cases in this group conformed the above typical characteristics. In this series, 20 patients provided immunohistochemical results for IgG4, among them, 16 cases were positive while 4 cases were negative. No manifestations of obliterative phlebitis and storiform fibrosis were observed. The age, gender, and lesion locations (single or multiple) of the IgG4 staining positive group and the negative group were analyzed. There was no statistically significant difference in the age of onset, gender ratio and lesion the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:For patients presented with ocular swelling, epiphora, with or without nasal lesions, EAF should be considered. The diagnosis of EAF is based largely on histopathologic findings. Although some cases were positive for IgG4 by immunohistochemistry, storiform fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis is not seen in our series, which aid in distinguishing EAF from IgG4-related disease.

This study aims to analyze the biological characteristics such as pathogenicity,serotype,virulence genes,and drug resistance of Escherichia coli(E.coli)causing diarrhea in dairy and meat calves in different farms in the Northern Hebei.From 2022 to 2023,120 diseased tissue sam-ples(feces,anal swabs,and livers)of calves(0-2 months old)suffering from diarrhea in the north-ern Hebei region were collected.The detection of viral and parasitic pathogens was negative.Bacte-rial isolation and cultivation,morphological observation,biochemical identification,and PCR meth-ods were used to identify E.coli.Biological characteristics such as pathogenicity,serum typing,vir-ulence genes,and drug resistance were detected using mouse virulence test,glass plate agglutina-tion test,PCR method,and K-B drug sensitivity paper method,and determine the median lethal dose(LD50)of representative strains of dominant serotypes in mice respectively.The results showed that 76 strains of E.coli were isolated,and 56 strains were pathogenic E.coli that could cause varying degrees of death in mice,with mortality rates all above 40％.Among 56 pathogenic E.coli strains,O6 and O152 were the dominant pathogenic serotypes,among which 48 strains(85.7％)were enterotoxic E.coli(ETEC),6 strains(10.7％)were enteropathogenic E.coli(EPEC),and 2 strains(3.6％)were enterohemorrhagic E.coli(EHEC).The detection rates of vir-ulence genes fyuA,irp2,fliC,stx1,stx2,K88,K99,eaeA and ler were over 50％,while the de-tection rates of other types of virulence genes were 3.6％to 37.0％.The resistance rates to nine drugs such as ampicillin,neomycin,and amoxicillin were over 42.9％,and the resistance rates to other drugs were 12.5％to 32.1％,showing multiple drug resistance and at least resistance to three types of antibiotics.The LD50 values of the dominant serotype of representative strains ETO 152 strain and EPO6 were 3.16×104 and 3.22×106 CFU/mL,respectively.This study can provide ref-erence for the prevention and control of E.coli disease in dairy and meat calves in the Northern Hebei region.

This study aims to analyze the biological characteristics such as pathogenicity,serotype,virulence genes,and drug resistance of Escherichia coli(E.coli)causing diarrhea in dairy and meat calves in different farms in the Northern Hebei.From 2022 to 2023,120 diseased tissue sam-ples(feces,anal swabs,and livers)of calves(0-2 months old)suffering from diarrhea in the north-ern Hebei region were collected.The detection of viral and parasitic pathogens was negative.Bacte-rial isolation and cultivation,morphological observation,biochemical identification,and PCR meth-ods were used to identify E.coli.Biological characteristics such as pathogenicity,serum typing,vir-ulence genes,and drug resistance were detected using mouse virulence test,glass plate agglutina-tion test,PCR method,and K-B drug sensitivity paper method,and determine the median lethal dose(LD50)of representative strains of dominant serotypes in mice respectively.The results showed that 76 strains of E.coli were isolated,and 56 strains were pathogenic E.coli that could cause varying degrees of death in mice,with mortality rates all above 40％.Among 56 pathogenic E.coli strains,O6 and O152 were the dominant pathogenic serotypes,among which 48 strains(85.7％)were enterotoxic E.coli(ETEC),6 strains(10.7％)were enteropathogenic E.coli(EPEC),and 2 strains(3.6％)were enterohemorrhagic E.coli(EHEC).The detection rates of vir-ulence genes fyuA,irp2,fliC,stx1,stx2,K88,K99,eaeA and ler were over 50％,while the de-tection rates of other types of virulence genes were 3.6％to 37.0％.The resistance rates to nine drugs such as ampicillin,neomycin,and amoxicillin were over 42.9％,and the resistance rates to other drugs were 12.5％to 32.1％,showing multiple drug resistance and at least resistance to three types of antibiotics.The LD50 values of the dominant serotype of representative strains ETO 152 strain and EPO6 were 3.16×104 and 3.22×106 CFU/mL,respectively.This study can provide ref-erence for the prevention and control of E.coli disease in dairy and meat calves in the Northern Hebei region.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis (EAF) involving the orbit.Methods:We described a case and review the literature of EAF involving the orbit.Results:The literature review has shown 34 similar cases. Nineteen patients combined with other site involvement (17 cases had nasal involvement), whereas 15 had primary orbital involvement. Ocular swelling (18 cases) and epiphora (4 cases) were the most common initial presenting symptoms. The typical histopathologic findings include a perivascular, eosinophil-rich infiltrate and a "onion-skin" type of fibrosis concentrated around small vessels and all cases in this group conformed the above typical characteristics. In this series, 20 patients provided immunohistochemical results for IgG4, among them, 16 cases were positive while 4 cases were negative. No manifestations of obliterative phlebitis and storiform fibrosis were observed. The age, gender, and lesion locations (single or multiple) of the IgG4 staining positive group and the negative group were analyzed. There was no statistically significant difference in the age of onset, gender ratio and lesion the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:For patients presented with ocular swelling, epiphora, with or without nasal lesions, EAF should be considered. The diagnosis of EAF is based largely on histopathologic findings. Although some cases were positive for IgG4 by immunohistochemistry, storiform fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis is not seen in our series, which aid in distinguishing EAF from IgG4-related disease.

Objective Neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)-evoked kinesthetic information in muscle spindle can be purely extracted from the mixed motor and sensory afferents using Ischemic nerve block(INB).This study aims to investigate the somatosensory cortical response evoked by NMES activating muscle spindle afferents in forearm.Methods All subjects performed four experimental tasks designed according to a 2×2 factors,including one factor of the INB state(without INB and within INB)and the other of the stimulation intensity(above and below motor threshold).During the experiment,we recorded EEG data with 64 channels and then beta event-related desynchronization(Beta ERD)were utilized quantize somatosensory cortical excitability evoked by the tasks.The subjective perception about the sensation and movement of the right hand were evaluated by a psychophysical test after the right wrist was performed by INB.Results INB significantly reduced beta ERD on the contralateral somatosensory cortex evoked by NMES above the motor threshold,and there was significant difference of NMES-evoked beta ERD values on the contralateral somatosensory cortex between above and below motor threshold.Meanwhile,contralateral dominance of NMES-evoked beta ERD on the somatosensory cortex was transferred to ipsilateral hemisphere under INB.Conclusion INB can significantly reduce NMES-evoked somatosensory cortical response above motor threshold and decrease cortical perception on the stimulus intensity,which may be due to INB resulting in rapid functional reorganization of somatosensory cortex.

IgG 4-related disease (IgG 4-RD) is an immune-mediated fibroinflammatory condition characterized by tumefactive lesions in multi-organs. It is a novel entity presented by variable manifestations. In recent years, there has been progress toward recognizing IgG 4-RD. However, the diagnosis and treatment of IgG 4-RD still present challenges due to insufficient experience. To address this, the Chinese Rheumatology Association has developed standardized guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of IgG 4-RD based on domestic and international experience. These guidelines aim to enhance the understanding and management of IgG 4-RD, ultimately improving the prognosis for patients with IgG 4-RD.

Objective:To analyze the binding ability of motifs in the serine/threonine kinase StkP extracellular region (EC-StkP) of Streptococcus pneumoniae to β-lactam antibiotics. Methods:Three motifs (SXXK) in the EC-StkP were mutated into AXXA, respectively or simultaneously. Four mutant plasmids (EC- stkp-AXXA1, EC- stkp-AXXA2, EC- stkp-AXXA3 and EC- stkp-AXXA4) were transfected into recipient cells for cloning and expression. SDS-PAGE combined with gel image analysis was used to detect the expression of the recombinant mutant proteins (EC-rStkP-AXXA1, EC-rStkP-AXXA2, EC-rStkP-AXXA3 and EC-rStkP-AXXA4). The expressed mutated proteins were extracted and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The binding abilities of the mutant proteins to penicillin (PCN) and cefotaxime (CTX) were detected by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC 200) and surface plasmon resonance (Biacore t200). Results:PCN and CTX could not bind to the expressed proteins with mutations in the first or the third motif (EC-rStkP-AXXA1, EC-rStkP-AXXA3, EC-rStkP-AXXA4). EC-rStkP-AXXA2 could weakly bind to CTX, but not to PCN.Conclusions:All three motifs in the EC-StkP of Streptococcus pneumoniae could bind to β-lactam antibiotics with the first and the third motifs being more important.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of pneumoconiosis patients' re-admission to provide a scientific basis for improving the treatment effect of pneumoconiosis, reducing the rate of re-admission, and reducing the burden of disease.Methods:In June 2020, The clinical data of 470 patients with pneumoconiosis who had hospitalization records from February 8, 2014, to February 8, 2020, in the Hunan Provincial Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute were retrospectively analyzed. The patients' general data and emotional state at the first admission were collected through questionnaires and telephone follow-ups. The entire group of patients completed at least one follow-up, with readmission as the end event. First, the Kaplan-Meier method was used for univariate analysis. The multivariate COX regression model analysis was performed on meaningful variables to explore the risk factors that affect the patient's re-admission.Results:A total of 470 patients with pneumoconiosis were included in this study, with an average age of 55.88 years (34-81 years old) and all the participants were male. During the first admission, the number of participants diagnosed as stage III pneumoconiosis, with complications of COPD, fatty liver, or severe pulmonary diffusion dysfunction was 215 (45.74%) , 179 (38.09%) , 51 (10.85%) , and 44 (9.36%) , respectively. Six patients (1.28%) have had suicidal tendencies almost every day since they became ill. A total of 345 patients (73.40%) were re-admitted to the hospital. Multivariate Cox regression model analysis showed that compared with the suspected pneumoconiosis group, patients in the first, second, and third-stage pneumoconiosis groups had an increased risk of readmission ( OR=2.43, 2.96, 2.35, P=0.000) . Compared with the age of 30-50 years old, 50-70 years old and ≥70 years old have an increased risk of readmission ( OR=1.28, 2.32, P<0.05) . Patients with tricuspid regurgitation ( OR=1.33, P<0.05) and elevated triglyceride level (>2.26 mmol/L) ( OR=1.40, P<0.05) have increased risks of readmission. Compared with the normal group, patients with severe pulmonary diffusion dysfunction in pneumoconiosis have an increased risk of readmission ( OR=1.96, P<0.05) . Compared with the normal group, pneumoconiosis patients in the suicidal group had an increased risk of re-admission to the hospital almost every day ( OR=2.92, P<0.05) . Conclusion Age of onset, stage of pneumoconiosis, tricuspid regurgitation, high triglycerides, severe diffuse pulmonary dysfunction, and suicidal tendency are independent risk factors that affect the readmission of patients with pneumoconiosis. The management of chronic diseases and mental health of patients with pneumoconiosis should be strengthened to reduce the risk of readmission. Conclusion:Age of onset, stage of pneumoconiosis, tricuspid regurgitation, high triglycerides, severe diffuse pulmonary dysfunction, and suicidal tendency are independent risk factors that affect the readmission of patients with pneumoconiosis. The management of chronic diseases and the mental health of patients with pneumoconiosis should be strengthened to reduce the risk of readmission.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of pneumoconiosis patients' re-admission to provide a scientific basis for improving the treatment effect of pneumoconiosis, reducing the rate of re-admission, and reducing the burden of disease.Methods:In June 2020, The clinical data of 470 patients with pneumoconiosis who had hospitalization records from February 8, 2014, to February 8, 2020, in the Hunan Provincial Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute were retrospectively analyzed. The patients' general data and emotional state at the first admission were collected through questionnaires and telephone follow-ups. The entire group of patients completed at least one follow-up, with readmission as the end event. First, the Kaplan-Meier method was used for univariate analysis. The multivariate COX regression model analysis was performed on meaningful variables to explore the risk factors that affect the patient's re-admission.Results:A total of 470 patients with pneumoconiosis were included in this study, with an average age of 55.88 years (34-81 years old) and all the participants were male. During the first admission, the number of participants diagnosed as stage III pneumoconiosis, with complications of COPD, fatty liver, or severe pulmonary diffusion dysfunction was 215 (45.74%) , 179 (38.09%) , 51 (10.85%) , and 44 (9.36%) , respectively. Six patients (1.28%) have had suicidal tendencies almost every day since they became ill. A total of 345 patients (73.40%) were re-admitted to the hospital. Multivariate Cox regression model analysis showed that compared with the suspected pneumoconiosis group, patients in the first, second, and third-stage pneumoconiosis groups had an increased risk of readmission ( OR=2.43, 2.96, 2.35, P=0.000) . Compared with the age of 30-50 years old, 50-70 years old and ≥70 years old have an increased risk of readmission ( OR=1.28, 2.32, P<0.05) . Patients with tricuspid regurgitation ( OR=1.33, P<0.05) and elevated triglyceride level (>2.26 mmol/L) ( OR=1.40, P<0.05) have increased risks of readmission. Compared with the normal group, patients with severe pulmonary diffusion dysfunction in pneumoconiosis have an increased risk of readmission ( OR=1.96, P<0.05) . Compared with the normal group, pneumoconiosis patients in the suicidal group had an increased risk of re-admission to the hospital almost every day ( OR=2.92, P<0.05) . Conclusion Age of onset, stage of pneumoconiosis, tricuspid regurgitation, high triglycerides, severe diffuse pulmonary dysfunction, and suicidal tendency are independent risk factors that affect the readmission of patients with pneumoconiosis. The management of chronic diseases and mental health of patients with pneumoconiosis should be strengthened to reduce the risk of readmission. Conclusion:Age of onset, stage of pneumoconiosis, tricuspid regurgitation, high triglycerides, severe diffuse pulmonary dysfunction, and suicidal tendency are independent risk factors that affect the readmission of patients with pneumoconiosis. The management of chronic diseases and the mental health of patients with pneumoconiosis should be strengthened to reduce the risk of readmission.

Objective:Based on the previous epidemiological investigation of hyperparathyroxinemia in Urumqi community, a follow-up study was conducted to understand the changes of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level and clinical characteristics of residents with PTH.Methods:In the previous study (2013), an epidemiological cross-sectional study of hyperparathyroxinemia was conducted on 1 473 residents of the resident community, and 180 people with hyperparathyroxinemia were found. The serum PTH, parathyroid related laboratory indexes and vitamin D were observed in high PTH population of different genders.Results:According to the inclusion criteria, 159 patients with high PTH were included in the study. The total follow-up rate was 88.3% (159/180), including 24 males (15.09%) and 135 females (84.91%). The serum PTH level in the follow-up population was 68.60 (47.85-98.80)pg/ml, which was significantly different from that in the first visit ( P<0.01). There was no significant difference in serum PTH levels between men and women ( P>0.05). The levels of serum 25(OH)D, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, creatinine, albumin and alkaline phosphatase in the follow-up population had no significant changes compared with the first visit population (all P>0.05); After stratified by sex, the serum creatinine level of men with high PTH was significantly higher than that of women ( P<0.01), and there was no significant difference in other PTH related laboratory indexes ( P>0.05); Although the vitamin D level was still deficient (<20 ng/ml), the proportion of people with sufficient vitamin D was significantly higher than that at the first visit. Conclusions:25(OH) D deficiency was still common in the follow-up population, but the vitamin D level of the residents with PTH was significantly improved and the serum PTH level was significantly lower than that in the first visit.