Objective: To statistically analyze the association between blood donation intervals and the incidence of adverse reactions to blood donation based on blood donor data from Shenzhen. Methods: Basic data and records of adverse reactions to blood donation among voluntary whole blood donors in Shenzhen from January 2017 to June 2025 were extracted. A total of 795 404 whole blood donations were recorded, including 502 743 from males and 292 661 from females, with 1 088 and 751 cases of adverse reactions, respectively. Analyses were performed using R software, including restricted cubic spline (RCS), binary logistic regression, and generalized estimating equations (GEE) to evaluate the correlation between donation intervals and adverse reactions. Results: A total of 1 839 cases of adverse reactions were recorded, accounting for 0.23% of the total donations. Both binary logistic regression analysis and the generalized estimating equations (GEE) model showed that there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between male and female donors with an interval of ≥6 months compared to those with an interval of ≥3 months but<6 months. Furthermore, using the 3-5 month interval group as the reference, the analysis indicated that the incidence of adverse reactions significantly increased in males with a 9-12 month interval, while no statistically significant differences were observed across any of the female subgroups. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between adverse reactions to blood donation and the donation interval. Compared with a donation interval of ≥6 months, an interval of<6 months does not lead to an increase in the incidence of adverse reactions among male or female donors. The findings of this study may help enhance the willingness of blood donors to participate.

Objective: To statistically analyze the association between blood donor age and the incidence of adverse reactions based on whole blood donor data from Shenzhen. Methods: Data on basic characteristics and records of adverse donation reactions among voluntary whole blood donors in Shenzhen from January 2017 to June 2025 were extracted. A total of 795 404 whole blood donations were recorded, including 502 743 from males and 292 661 from females, with 1 088 and 751 cases of adverse reactions, respectively. Analyses were performed using R software, including restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, binary logistic regression, and generalized estimating equations (GEE) to evaluate the correlation between donor age and adverse reactions. Results: A total of 1 839 cases of adverse reactions were recorded, accounting for 0.23% of the total donations. Both binary logistic regression and GEE model revealed that, compared with the≤55 years age group, the incidence of adverse reactions was reduced in both male and female donors in the >55 years age group, with the difference being statistically significant in males. Using the <23 years age group as a reference, the incidence of adverse reactions significantly decreased in both male and female donors across the 23-30, 31-40, 41-50, and 51-60 age groups, with the differences being statistically significant. Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between the rate of adverse donation reactions and age, with the incidence of such reactions among whole blood donors over 55 years old being no higher than that among donors aged 55 years or younger. These findings carry positive significance for safeguarding the donation rights of older donors and meeting clinical blood demand.

To investigate the feasibility and advantages of "Axis Coordinate Localization Method" combined with total endoscopic technique for parotid surgery. A total of 31 patients with parotid gland tumors who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2022 to August 2024 were included in this study. The cohort comprised 11 males and 20 females, with age of (38.9±13.9) years and a maximum tumor diameter of (19.34±6.89) mm. Among these cases, 93.5% (29/31) involved the superficial lobe and 6.5%(2/31) the deep lobe of the parotid gland. The "axial" localization method was utilized to plan the surgical approach: establishing a coordinate system with the earlobe as the origin, the surface projection of the parotid duct as the x-axis, and a perpendicular line through the origin as the y-axis. The incision type-pre-tragal, retroauricular groove, or postauricular hairline-was selected according to the position of the tumor′s surface projection center within this coordinate system. All operations were performed using a complete endoscopic technique for tumor and glandular tissue resection. Postoperative facial nerve function was assessed with the House-Brackmann grading scale, while patient incision satisfaction, impact on work and daily life, and facial symmetry were quantitatively evaluated using a Numerical Rating Scale (10-point system).　All 31 patients successfully underwent the procedure. Short-term postoperative complications included temporary facial paralysis in 1 case (3.2%), periauricular numbness in 1 case (3.2%), surgical site effusion in 1 case (3.2%), and subcutaneous hematoma in 1 case (3.2%). All complications resolved after appropriate management. During follow-up, there were no instances of sialocele, Frey syndrome, incision infection, or tumor recurrence. Patient ratings were as follows: incision satisfaction (9.42±0.78), impact of surgery on daily life (1.32±0.60), and facial symmetry (9.29±0.78). The one case of temporary facial paralysis recovered 3 months after surgery. The combination of the "Axial" localization method and fully endoscopic technique demonstrates clear clinical feasibility in parotid tumor resection. This approach enables rapid and personalized incision selection based on tumor location, while the endoscopic minimally invasive technique reduces tissue trauma, improves cosmetic outcomes, and enhances surgical safety. It provides a new minimally invasive treatment pathway for patients with benign parotid tumors.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

To investigate the feasibility and advantages of "Axis Coordinate Localization Method" combined with total endoscopic technique for parotid surgery. A total of 31 patients with parotid gland tumors who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2022 to August 2024 were included in this study. The cohort comprised 11 males and 20 females, with age of (38.9±13.9) years and a maximum tumor diameter of (19.34±6.89) mm. Among these cases, 93.5% (29/31) involved the superficial lobe and 6.5%(2/31) the deep lobe of the parotid gland. The "axial" localization method was utilized to plan the surgical approach: establishing a coordinate system with the earlobe as the origin, the surface projection of the parotid duct as the x-axis, and a perpendicular line through the origin as the y-axis. The incision type-pre-tragal, retroauricular groove, or postauricular hairline-was selected according to the position of the tumor′s surface projection center within this coordinate system. All operations were performed using a complete endoscopic technique for tumor and glandular tissue resection. Postoperative facial nerve function was assessed with the House-Brackmann grading scale, while patient incision satisfaction, impact on work and daily life, and facial symmetry were quantitatively evaluated using a Numerical Rating Scale (10-point system).　All 31 patients successfully underwent the procedure. Short-term postoperative complications included temporary facial paralysis in 1 case (3.2%), periauricular numbness in 1 case (3.2%), surgical site effusion in 1 case (3.2%), and subcutaneous hematoma in 1 case (3.2%). All complications resolved after appropriate management. During follow-up, there were no instances of sialocele, Frey syndrome, incision infection, or tumor recurrence. Patient ratings were as follows: incision satisfaction (9.42±0.78), impact of surgery on daily life (1.32±0.60), and facial symmetry (9.29±0.78). The one case of temporary facial paralysis recovered 3 months after surgery. The combination of the "Axial" localization method and fully endoscopic technique demonstrates clear clinical feasibility in parotid tumor resection. This approach enables rapid and personalized incision selection based on tumor location, while the endoscopic minimally invasive technique reduces tissue trauma, improves cosmetic outcomes, and enhances surgical safety. It provides a new minimally invasive treatment pathway for patients with benign parotid tumors.

In recent years, the breakthroughs in optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology have moved from the tissue into the subcellular structure, and OCT imaging technologies represented by dynamic optical coherence tomography (D-OCT) and line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) have become more and more widely used in the field of dermatological research, and now full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT), which has a higher cellular resolution than LC-OCT, has also achieved significant results in the assessment of disease conditions and therapeutic prognosis by virtue of its advantages. OCT is also used in conjunction with conventional skin imaging to provide a more comprehensive picture of the skin lesion by collecting different dimensions of imaging information. This article mainly introduces D-OCT, LC-OCT and FF-OCT, which are widely used in scientific research and clinical practice, summarises the use and significance of OCT in different categories of skin diseases, and puts forward the thinking of OCT in the future development.

Objective:To explore the design and application effect of a home-based pulmonary rehabilitation checklist for postoperative lung cancer patients and to analyze the feasibility of this innovative rehabilitation approach.Methods:A prospective non-concurrent controlled study was conducted. Eighty postoperative lung cancer patients from the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, were conveniently selected. According to the time of admission, postoperative lung cancer patients from April to June 2024 ( n=40) were assigned to the control group, while those postoperative lung cancer patients from August to October 2024 ( n=40) were assigned to the experimental group. The control group was given routine home-based pulmonary rehabilitation knowledge education upon discharge, while the experimental group was provided with the application of a home-based pulmonary rehabilitation checklist in addition to the routine home-based pulmonary rehabilitation knowledge education. Assessments were performed on the day of discharge and 1-month post-discharge using the Chinese version-Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (C-SUPPH), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 (EORTC-QLQ-C30), the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and the Brog score. Results:A total of 40 patients in each group completed this study. Among them, there were 26 males and 14 females in the control group, aged (51.25 ± 11.39) years, and 23 males and 17 females in the experimental group, aged (53.07 ± 12.21) years. One month after discharge, the scores of positive attitude, self-decision making and self-stress reduction on the C-SUPPH in the experimental group were (44.25 ± 10.29), (30.76 ± 8.31) and (9.51 ± 2.17) points, respectively. They were higher than those in the control group (37.02 ± 7.14), (26.61 ± 6.71) and (7.58 ± 1.09) points, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-3.65, -2.46, -5.03, all P<0.05). The scores of somatic function, role function, cognitive function and emotional function on the EORTC-QLQ-C30 in the experimental group were (65.77 ± 6.41), (71.46 ± 7.21), (70.11 ± 5.61) and (69.59 ± 5.71) points, respectively. They were higher than those in the control group (57.71 ± 7.01), (64.27 ± 5.25), (62.79 ± 7.18), (61.11 ± 6.25) points, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -6.34 to -5.08, all P<0.05). The 6MWT distance in the experimental group was (411.31 ± 35.02) m, which was higher than (376.58 ± 30.26) m in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-4.75, P<0.05). The Brog score in the experimental group was (2.12 ± 0.68) points, which was lower than (2.50 ± 0.65) points in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.56, P<0.05). Conclusions:The implementation of home pulmonary rehabilitation list can improve the self-management ability of patients after lung cancer surgery, improve the quality of life, and then enhance the exercise ability, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Autism spectrum disorder（ASD）is a multifactorial，pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder.As the morbidity rate of ASD in children increases year by year，feeding and eating behaviors，as an important and common clinical problem in children with ASD，are gaining more and more attention.Many children with ASD often have food selection issues，chewing problems，food allergy and related gastrointestinal symptoms，and even serious diseases such as eating disorders，which negatively impact on their growth and development.There are many factors affecting feeding and eating behavior problems in children with ASD，such as sensory processing，ritualistic eating behavior，gastrointestinal symptoms，age，and parenting pressure.There are also a variety of interventions that can help to improve feeding and eating behavior problems in children with ASD.Strengthening the understanding of these influencing factors and intervention treatment methods is beneficial for improving the quality of life in children with ASD.

Objective:To explore the design and application effect of a home-based pulmonary rehabilitation checklist for postoperative lung cancer patients and to analyze the feasibility of this innovative rehabilitation approach.Methods:A prospective non-concurrent controlled study was conducted. Eighty postoperative lung cancer patients from the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, were conveniently selected. According to the time of admission, postoperative lung cancer patients from April to June 2024 ( n=40) were assigned to the control group, while those postoperative lung cancer patients from August to October 2024 ( n=40) were assigned to the experimental group. The control group was given routine home-based pulmonary rehabilitation knowledge education upon discharge, while the experimental group was provided with the application of a home-based pulmonary rehabilitation checklist in addition to the routine home-based pulmonary rehabilitation knowledge education. Assessments were performed on the day of discharge and 1-month post-discharge using the Chinese version-Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (C-SUPPH), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 (EORTC-QLQ-C30), the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and the Brog score. Results:A total of 40 patients in each group completed this study. Among them, there were 26 males and 14 females in the control group, aged (51.25 ± 11.39) years, and 23 males and 17 females in the experimental group, aged (53.07 ± 12.21) years. One month after discharge, the scores of positive attitude, self-decision making and self-stress reduction on the C-SUPPH in the experimental group were (44.25 ± 10.29), (30.76 ± 8.31) and (9.51 ± 2.17) points, respectively. They were higher than those in the control group (37.02 ± 7.14), (26.61 ± 6.71) and (7.58 ± 1.09) points, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-3.65, -2.46, -5.03, all P<0.05). The scores of somatic function, role function, cognitive function and emotional function on the EORTC-QLQ-C30 in the experimental group were (65.77 ± 6.41), (71.46 ± 7.21), (70.11 ± 5.61) and (69.59 ± 5.71) points, respectively. They were higher than those in the control group (57.71 ± 7.01), (64.27 ± 5.25), (62.79 ± 7.18), (61.11 ± 6.25) points, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -6.34 to -5.08, all P<0.05). The 6MWT distance in the experimental group was (411.31 ± 35.02) m, which was higher than (376.58 ± 30.26) m in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-4.75, P<0.05). The Brog score in the experimental group was (2.12 ± 0.68) points, which was lower than (2.50 ± 0.65) points in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.56, P<0.05). Conclusions:The implementation of home pulmonary rehabilitation list can improve the self-management ability of patients after lung cancer surgery, improve the quality of life, and then enhance the exercise ability, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.