The disease-syndrome combination animal model in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） andrology serves as an important bridge linking TCM theory with modern medical research， providing a key experimental platform for elucidating the 'syndrome-disease' correlation mechanism in male-specific diseases and for screening effective prescriptions. This article reviews recent progress in animal model research on common TCM andrological diseases， including prostatic diseases， sexual dysfunction， and male infertility， with a focus on analyzing the application， advantages， and disadvantages of various modeling strategies， such as immune induction， hormonal intervention， and multi-factor combination across different syndrome types. However， despite breakthroughs in model construction techniques， current research still faces several challenges， including insufficient standardization of syndrome differentiation and difficulties in quantifying TCM-specific indicators. Future studies need to optimize model evaluation systems by integrating modern technologies， in order to promote the standardization and internationalization of TCM andrology research.

As the brain's resident immune cells, microglia perform crucial functions such as phagocytosis, neuronal network maintenance, and injury restoration by adopting various phenotypes. Dynamic imaging of these phenotypes is essential for accessing brain diseases and therapeutic responses. Although numerous probes are available for imaging pro-inflammatory microglia, no PET tracers have been developed specifically to visualize anti-inflammatory microglia. In this study, we present an ¹⁸F-labeled PET tracer (QTFT) that targets the P2Y₁₂, a receptor highly expressed on anti-inflammatory microglia. [¹⁸F]QTFT exhibited high binding affinity to the P2Y₁₂ (14.43 nmol/L) and superior blood-brain barrier permeability compared to other candidates. Micro-PET imaging in IL-4-induced neuroinflammation models showed higher [¹⁸F]QTFT uptake in lesions compared to the contralateral normal brain tissues. Importantly, this specific uptake could be blocked by QTFT or a P2Y₁₂ antagonist. Furthermore, [¹⁸F]QTFT visualized brain lesions in mouse models of epilepsy, glioma, and aging by targeting the aberrantly expressed P2Y₁₂ in anti-inflammatory microglia. In a pilot clinical study, [¹⁸F]QTFT successfully located epileptic foci, showing enhanced radioactive signals in a patient with epilepsy. Collectively, these studies suggest that [¹⁸F]QTFT could serve as a valuable diagnostic tool for imaging various brain disorders by targeting P2Y₁₂ overexpressed in anti-inflammatory microglia.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed occupational diseases in Guangdong Province from 2019 to 2023. Methods Data on newly diagnosed occupational diseases reported in Guangdong Province from 2019 to 2023 were collected from the national occupational disease network reporting system. The spectrum of occupational diseases and their distribution by region, industry, and population were analyzed. Results A total of 4 136 newly diagnosed occupational disease cases were reported in Guangdong Province from 2019 to 2023, showing an overall downward trend. Newly diagnosed cases were classified into eight categories and 53 types of occupational diseases. In terms of the number of cases, the top five categories were occupational diseases of the ear, nose, throat and oral cavity;occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases; occupational diseases caused by physical factors; occupational chemical poisoning; and occupational tumors, accounting for 98.62% of all cases. The top ten specific disease types were occupational noise-induced deafness, occupational silicosis, occupational other pneumoconiosis, occupational chronic benzene poisoning, occupational heatstroke, occupational hand-arm vibration disease, occupational coal workers′ pneumoconiosis, occupational welders′ pneumoconiosis, occupational tumor (leukemia caused by benzene exposure), and occupational chronic n-hexane poisoning, accounting for 94.85% of all cases. Most of the cases were distributed in the Pearl River Delta region, accounting for 89.19%; as well as manufacturing industry, accounting for 84.89%. Male cases accounted for 87.02%. Most diagnoses occurred in individuals aged >40-60 years, accounting for 74.73%. Conclusion Newly diagnosed occupational diseases in Guangdong Province from 2019 to 2023 showed the following characteristics: concentration of categories and disease types, polarization of regional distribution, industry clustering, and population difference. The disease spectrum is evolving from a dual-disease predominance toward a multi-disease predominance.

Objective To develop an active monitoring model for adverse drug events(ADEs)related to antimicrobial use in children based on the China hospital pharmacovigilance system(CHPS).Methods Trigger items for the active monitoring model were initially drafted through a review of relevant literature,adverse reaction databases,and drug label warnings,and subsequently refined using the Delphi method.A retrospective analysis was performed on pediatric inpatients who received antibiotics at Anning First People's Hospital between January 1 and December 31,2024.The detection rate and positive predictive value(PPV)of the active monitoring model were calculated and compared with spontaneous ADE reports from the same period.Risk factors for ADEs were further analyzed using logistic regression.Results 25 trigger items were established for the active monitoring model.Among 1,784 cases,233 ADEs were identified,yielding a detection rate of 13.06%(233/1,784).The spontaneous reporting rate of adverse events during the same period was 1.85%(33/1,784).The difference between the two was statistically significant(P<0.001).There were 727 positive trigger events,with 299 cases of ADE detected,resulting in an overall PPV of 41.13%(299/727).Logistic regression revealed that antibiotic use exceeding 3 days(OR=1.454,95%CI:1.012-2.088)was significantly associated with ADE occurrence.Conclusion Compared with conventional spontaneous reporting,the active monitoring model can significantly improve the detection rate of ADEs of pediatric antimicrobial drugs and achieve active and real-time monitoring of drug adverse events.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of patients with heat illness and the related factors for progression to heatstroke so as to provide a basis for early clinical intervention.Methods A case-control study design was adopted.A total of 164 patients with heat illness admitted to a hospital in Hainan Province from January 2018 to December 2023 were included,and divided into a heatstroke group(21 cases)and a non-heatstroke group(143 cases).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of body temperature,heart rate and mean arterial pressure at admission with the progression to heatstroke.Results The incidence of organ dysfunction in the patients with heat illness was 45.12％(74/164),and 12.80％(21/164)progressed to heatstroke.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that at admission,body temperature＞40 ℃(OR=10.11,95％CI:2.86～35.78),heart rate＞100 beats/min(OR=9.07,95％CI:2.75～29.94),and mean arterial pressure＜70 mmHg(OR=9.05,95％CI:2.75～29.75)were the related factors affecting the progression of heat illness patients to heatstroke.Conclusion The incidence of organ dysfunction in heat illness patients is relatively high.Body temperature,heart rate and mean arterial pressure at admission may be the related factors for predicting the progression of heat illness to heatstroke.

The integrin alpha 2（ITGA2）gene locates on chromosome 5q11.2，encodes the α 2 subunit of the integrin family.The α 2 subunit is found on many cell surfaces.The α 2 subunit plays an important role in the regulation of platelet aggregation，cell migration，cell proliferation and angiogenesis.Through a wide range of studies conducted in recent years，researchers have discovered that this gene is linked to some diseases，such as rheumatoid arthritis，pediatric sickle cell disease，Kawasaki disease，malignant tumor and biliary atresia.These studies have contributed to the early identification of diseases associated with this gene and the exploration of diagnostic and therapeutic solutions for them.This article reviews the advancements in research concerning the association of ITGA2 gene with various diseases.

Kawasaki disease（KD）is an acute systemic vasculitis primarily affecting small- and medium-sized arteries in children，with widespread inflammation as the major pathological hallmark. A subset of patients with KD exhibit resistance to high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin（IVIG）therapy，which significantly increases the risk of developing severe cardiovascular complications，particularly coronary artery lesions（CAL）. Interferon gamma-inducible protein 10（IP-10），a chemokine，exerts its biological functions by binding to its specific receptor，chemokine receptor 3（CXCR3）. In the relevant research on KD，the association between IP-10 and IP-10 gene polymorphism with KD has garnered significant attention from both domestic and international researchers. This article reviews the recent research progress on the relationship between IP-10，its gene polymorphism and KD，with the aim of providing references for the pathogenesis，prevention，treatment and prognosis of KD.

G protein-coupled receptor 120(GPR120)is one of the membrane receptors for long chain free fatty acids and is distributed in alveolus macrophages and airway epithelial Club cells.GPR120 activation alleviates the inflammation of respiratory tract,improves airway hyper-responsiveness,stimulates proliferation of Club cells and promotes the repair of respiratory epithelium,which may attenuate asthma and acute lung injury.

BackgroundAtypical antipsychotics have been widely used in patients with chronic schizophrenia， and aripiprazole and risperidone are the most commonly used drugs. The mechanism of action of the two is different， while previous studies have provided insufficient credible evidence from multiple perspectives to support the comparative efficacy of the two drugs in improving symptoms in patients with chronic schizophrenia. ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of aripiprazole and risperidone on the improvement of symptoms， prepulse inhibition （PPI）， cognitive functioning and neurotrophic factors in patients with chronic schizophrenia， so as to provide effective treatment regimens for these patients. MethodsA total of 86 patients with chronic schizophrenia attending the psychiatry department of the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang from March 2021 to March 2023 and fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） were enrolled and grouped using random number table method， each with 43 cases. Aripiprazole group was given oral aripiprazole once daily at an initial dose of 5 mg for one week and then gradually increased to a maximum dose of 25 mg. Risperidone group received oral risperidone twice daily at an initial dose of 0.5 mg for one week and then gradually increased to a maximum dose of 3 mg. Treatment in both groups lasted 3 months. Before treatment and 3 months after treatment， Patients were required to complete Positive and Negative Symptom Scale （PANSS）， detection of both strong and weak PPIs in a startle modification passive attention paradigm， Wisconsin Card Sorting Test （WCST） and the measurement of neurotrophic factors at baseline and after treatment. The adverse reactions were recorded. Analysis of covariance was used to test the difference between the PANSS score， PPI， WCST and neurotrophic factor levels of the groups， with the pretest used as the covariate. Results3 months after treatment， no statistical difference was found in the scores of PANSS general psychopathology subscale， positive symptom subscale， negative symptom subscale and total score between two groups after treatment （F=0.621， 0.815， 0.743， 0.752， P>0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in PPI inhibition rate， single intense stimulus amplitude， single intense stimulus latency， prepulse inhibition amplitude， or prepulse inhibition latency （F=0.174， 0.001， 0.183， 0.171， 0.001， P>0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the total number of WCST tests between two groups （F=0.512， P>0.05）， whereas aripiprazole group reported significantly larger total numbers of categories completed and correct responses as well as smaller total numbers of random errors and perseverative errors compared to risperidone group （F=3.737， 4.621， 4.892， 5.130， P<0.05）. A significant increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and nerve growth factor （NGF） along with a reduction in glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） were documented in risperidone group when compared to risperidone group （F=4.414， 3.781， 6.319， P<0.05）. No significant difference was demonstrated in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （χ²=0.261， P>0.05）. ConclusionAripiprazole may be more beneficial than risperidone in improving cognitive functioning and neurotrophic factor levels in patients with chronic schizophrenia. ［Funded by Scientific Research Project of Fuyang Municipal Health Commission in 2021 （number， FY2021-147）］

Objective:To investigate whether paclitaxel (PTX) can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and explore the new molecular mechanism of PTX-coated balloon angioplasty in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.Methods:(1) Cell culture and identification: VSMCs were induced into synthetic vascular smooth muscle cells (sVSMCs); the mRNA and protein expressions of smooth muscle protein 22-α (SM22-α) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in VSMCsS and sVSMCs were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 was induced into dendritic cells (DCs); the CD86 and CD83 expressions in THP-1 and DCs were detected by flow cytometry. (2) Cell viability detection: cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect the cell viability of sVSMCs after 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.5, 5, 10, 50, and 100 μmol/L PTX or under 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 600 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) pressures. (3) ICD marker detection: sVSMCs were collected and divided into blank-control group, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group and PTX group (cultured with 3.2 μmol/L PTX) at normal state and pressure procedure (188 mmHg), respectively; calreticulin (CRT) expression was detected by immunofluorescent staining; adenosine triphosphate (ATP) expression was detected by luciferase assay, and high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) expression was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (4) ICD-related immune activation assay detection: sVSMCs and DCs were collected and divided into DCs group, PTX+DCs group (cultured with 3.2 μmol/L PTX), DCs+sVSMCs group, and PTX+DCs+sVSMCs group (cultured with 3.2 μmol/L PTX); CD86 and CD83 expressions were detected by flow cytometry; interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels were detected by ELISA. The sVSMCs, DCs and CD8 +T cells were collected and divided into sVSMCs group, sVSMCs+DCs group, sVSMCs+CD8 +T cell group, sVSMCs+DCs+CD8 +T cell group, PTX+sVSMCs group (cultured with 3.2 μmol/L PTX), and PTX+sVSMCs+DCs+CD8 +T cell group (cultured with 3.2 μmol/L PTX); proliferation of these cells was detected by cell clone formation assay. Results:(1) The SM22-α and α-SMA mRNA and protein expressions in the sVSMCs group were significantly lower than those in the VSMCs group ( P<0.05); rate of double-positive CD83 and CD86 in the DCs group was significantly higher than that in the THP-1 group ( P<0.05). (2) The sVSMCs viability decreased in a concentration-dependent manner after PTX treatment at concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.5, 5, 10, 50, and 100 μmol/L, respectively, with significant differences ( P<0.05); half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50) of PTX on sVSMCs was 3.2 μmol/L; no significant difference in sVSMCs viability after 3.2 μmol/L PTX treatment was noted under 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 600 mmHg pressures ( P>0.05). (3) Under normal state and pressure procedure, CRT fluorescent intensity of sVSMCs in the PTX group (42.00±3.50, 24.19±2.41) was significantly higher than that in the blank-control group (8.60±1.8, 8.42±1.7) and DMSO group (10.23±1.47, 9.71±1.01), ATP luminescence intensity (17 399.33±2 035.58, 17 445.67±2 449.34) was significantly higher than that in the blank-control group (9 021.33±726.84, 10 271.33±2 194.22) and DMSO group (11 977.33±960.91, 11 683.33±419.50), and HMGB1 concentration ([3 258.31±502.08] pg/mL, [3 265.27±246.06] pg/mL) was significantly higher than that in the blank-control group ([1 156.48±184.96] pg/mL, [1 205.20±196.36] pg/mL) and DMSO group ([1 309.59±75.03] pg/mL, [1 265.51±14.52] pg/mL, P<0.05). (4) The PTX+DCs+sVSMCs group had significantly higher CD83, CD86, IFN-γ and IL-2 expressions and lower IL-10 expression than the DCs group, PTX+DCs group, and DCs+sVSMCs group ( P<0.05); the PTX+sVSMCs group and PTX+sVSMCs+DCs+CD8 +T cell group had significantly lower clone formation rate compared with the sVSMCs group, sVSMCs+DCs group, sVSMCs+CD8 +T cell group, and sVSMCs+DCs+CD8 +T cell group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:PTX can promote ICD in VSMCs by promoting DCs activation and enhancing CD8 +T cell toxicity.