Dental implant is a commonly used therapeutic option for reconstruction of edentulous space. Adequate peri-implant soft tissue is crucial for preventing biological and esthetic complications. Peri-implant soft-tissue phenotypes including supracrestal tissue height, mucosa thickness and keratinized mucosa width could reflect the quality and quantity of peri-implant soft tissue. Different soft-tissue phenotypes might impact the stability of implant restoration through altering the tissue remodeling or inflammatory response. This review will discuss the influence of peri-implant soft-tissue phenotypes on tissue remodeling and inflammatory response after implant placement.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of Tongsai Granules(TSG)on macrophage-mediated inflammatory response to alleviate acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)in rats and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods Twenty-four rats were divided into control group,AECOPD model group,TSG treatment group,and moxifloxacin+salbutamol(MXF+STL)treatment group.In the rat models of COPD,AECOPD was induced by nasal instillation of Klebsiella pneumoniae on day 3 of week 9 after modeling,and saline,TSG or MXF+STL were administered via gavage on days 1 and 2 and days 4 to 7 of week 9.After the treatments,lung tissues were collected for examining for pathologies and expressions of inflammatory markers,MMP2,and MMP9.In cultured macrophage MH-S cells with LPS stimulation,the effect of TSG-medicated serum on IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,COX-2,and iNOS expressions and phosphorylation levels of p38,p-p62,LC3,FoxO3a,and mTOR were evaluated.Results TSG significantly improved lung pathologies and lung function in AECOPD rats by reducing bronchial wall thickness and mean alveolar linear intercept,increasing alveolar numbers,and reducing pulmonary expression of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,MMP2 and MMP9.In MH-S cells,TSG significantly suppressed LPS-induced expressions of inflammatory cytokines,COX-2 and iNOS.Serum pharmacology coupled with network pharmacology identified 10 chemical components in TSG-medicated serum,and functional analysis of their 466 targets suggested that the therapeutic effect of TSG on AECOPD was mediated primarily by luteolin and quercetin,which regulate the MAPK,mTOR,FoxO,and autophagy pathways.In MH-S cells,luteolin significantly inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory responses and expressions of p-p38,FoxO3a,mTOR,p-p62 and LC3.Conclusion TSG reduces macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses to alleviate AECOPD in rats possibly by modulating p38,mTOR,and FoxO3a pathways and inhibiting autophagy.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of Tongsai Granules(TSG)on macrophage-mediated inflammatory response to alleviate acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)in rats and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods Twenty-four rats were divided into control group,AECOPD model group,TSG treatment group,and moxifloxacin+salbutamol(MXF+STL)treatment group.In the rat models of COPD,AECOPD was induced by nasal instillation of Klebsiella pneumoniae on day 3 of week 9 after modeling,and saline,TSG or MXF+STL were administered via gavage on days 1 and 2 and days 4 to 7 of week 9.After the treatments,lung tissues were collected for examining for pathologies and expressions of inflammatory markers,MMP2,and MMP9.In cultured macrophage MH-S cells with LPS stimulation,the effect of TSG-medicated serum on IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,COX-2,and iNOS expressions and phosphorylation levels of p38,p-p62,LC3,FoxO3a,and mTOR were evaluated.Results TSG significantly improved lung pathologies and lung function in AECOPD rats by reducing bronchial wall thickness and mean alveolar linear intercept,increasing alveolar numbers,and reducing pulmonary expression of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,MMP2 and MMP9.In MH-S cells,TSG significantly suppressed LPS-induced expressions of inflammatory cytokines,COX-2 and iNOS.Serum pharmacology coupled with network pharmacology identified 10 chemical components in TSG-medicated serum,and functional analysis of their 466 targets suggested that the therapeutic effect of TSG on AECOPD was mediated primarily by luteolin and quercetin,which regulate the MAPK,mTOR,FoxO,and autophagy pathways.In MH-S cells,luteolin significantly inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory responses and expressions of p-p38,FoxO3a,mTOR,p-p62 and LC3.Conclusion TSG reduces macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses to alleviate AECOPD in rats possibly by modulating p38,mTOR,and FoxO3a pathways and inhibiting autophagy.

[Abstract] [Objective] To construct inducible immortalization gene vectors for transfection into primary cells, enabling the establishment of a conditionally immortalized cell line that support their sustained cultivation and proliferation in vitro. [Methods] Using gene homologous recombination technology, the coding sequences (CDS) of immortalization genes-including human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LT), acute myeloid leukemia fusion genes NUP98-KDM5A (N/K) and CBFA2T3-GLIS2 (C/G), as well as the proto-oncogene KRAS were precisely inserted into the tetracycline (Tet)-inducible eukaryotic expression lentiviral vector pLV2-TRE3GS-EGFP-MCS-3×FLAG-hPGK-Tet-On-SV40-Neo and the transposon PB-TRE3G-3×FLAG-T2A-Puro-SV40-PA. Lentiviral packaging, cell transfection, mRNA expression analysis, Western blotting for protein detection, green fluorescent protein (GFP) visualization, and cell proliferation assays were conducted to evaluate transfection efficiency and assess the regulatory effects of Tet on gene expression in 293T and MEF cells. [Results] The Tet-inducible lentiviral vectors pLV2-Tet-SV40LT, pLV2-Tet-N/K, and pLV2-Tet-C/G, along with the transposon vectors PB-Tet-hTERT, PB-Tet-SV40LT, PB-Tet-N/K, PB-Tet-C/G, and PB-Tet-KRAS, were successfully constructed. In 293T cells, the expression levels of all target genes were upregulated after transfection. In MEF cells, the immortalizing functions of SV40LT and N/K were validated. By modulating Tet addition, cell proliferation levels were effectively regulated, leading to the successful establishment of conditionally immortalized pLV2-SV40LT-MEF and pLV2-N/K-MEF cell lines. [Conclusion] The construction of Tet-inducible immortalizing gene vectors provides a technical foundation for establishing conditionally immortalized primary cell lines, thereby facilitating research on the large-scale in vitro production and expansion of blood cells, such as erythrocytes and platelets.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of rs55829688 and rs75315904 polymorphisms of the lncRNA-GAS5 gene with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Guangxi population. METHODS: Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from the SLE group and control group. Following extraction of genomic DNA, SNPscan and Sanger sequencing were carried out to determine the genotypes for the rs55829688 and rs75315904 loci of the lncRNA-GAS5 gene. RESULTS: No difference was found between the two groups with regard to the genotypic frequencies for rs55829688 and rs75315904 (P > 0.05). However, the frequencies of C allele of rs55829688 between the two groups was significantly different (P < 0.05). In the SLE group, the frequencies of C allele and CT+CC genotype for rs55829688 among SLE patients with nephritis were significantly lower than those of SLE patients without nephritis (P < 0.05). In addition, haplotype analysis showed that the frequency of rs55829688 C/rs75315904 A allele in the SLE group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In Guangxi population, the carrier status of rs55829688 C allele of the lncRNA-GAS5 gene may reduce the risk of SLE and its complicated nephritis, and the rs55829688 C/rs75315904 A haplotype may reduce the risk for SLE.
Humans ; Case-Control Studies ; China/epidemiology* ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics* ; Nephritis ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics*

Objective To analyze the target volume margins and positioning errors in the radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)using the cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)of Halcyon linear accelerator for providing a reference for the margin from clinical target volume to planning target volume(CTV-to-PTV margin)in the radiotherapy for NPC using Halcyon linear accelerator,hence improving treatment precision and effectiveness.Methods A total of 117 NPC patients who received volumetric modulated arc therapy using Halcyon linear accelerator from May 2020 to June 2022 in Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine were enrolled.The 3861 CBCT images collected from the patients were matched with the CT images to obtain the correction values of the treatment couch in lateral(Lat),longitudinal(Lng)and vertical(Vrt)directions for positioning error analysis.The CTV-to-PTV margin was obtained by the equation(margin =2.5∑+0.7δ).Results The positioning errors in the radiotherapy for NPC using Halcyon linear accelerator were 0.10(0.00,0.10)cm,0.10(0.00,0.20)cm and 0.20(0.10,0.30)cm in Lat,Lng and Vrt directions,respectively.The CTV-to-PTV margins in Lat,Lng and Vrt directions were 0.12,0.12 and 0.09 cm,respectively.Conclusion Low positioning errors can be achieved for NPC patients undergoing image-guided treatment using Halcyon linear accelerator.

Objective:To explore the strategies for reduction of irreducible intertrochanteric fractures according to our self-designed new classifications.Methods:A retrospectively study was conducted to analyze the data of 124 patients with irreducible intertrochanteric fracture who had been admitted to Department of Minimally Invasive Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou Orthopaedics Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021. There were 56 males and 68 females with a mean age of (76.8±13.2) years. According to the displacement pattern of the proximal head-neck fragment of the fracture, the irreducible intertrochanteric fractures of the femur were classified into 3 types. In type 1 (rotational type) of 65 cases, there were 24 cases of subtype 1.1 (the lesser trochanter attached to the distal fracture fragment), 8 cases of subtype 1.2 (the lesser trochanter attached to the proximal fracture fragment), and 33 cases of subtype 1.3 (the lesser trochanter floating). In type 2 (locked type) of 18 cases, there were 13 cases of subtype 2.1 (lesser trochanter floating), no case of subtype 2.2 (the lesser trochanter attached to the proximal fracture fragment), and 5 cases of subtype 2.3 (the lesser trochanter attached to the distal fracture fragment). In type 3 (reverse trochanter type) there were 41 cases. Under the guidance of our new classification, the patients were treated by fixation with intramedullary nails after reduction with corresponding techniques (like prying, clamping, pulling, and temporary fixation with Kirschner wires). Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture reduction quality and Harris hip score at the last follow-up were recorded.Results:The operation time was (53.0±20.7) min and blood loss (132.1±81.3) mL in this cohort. According to the criteria proposed by Chang and Kim et al., the quality of fracture reduction was evaluated as excellent in 101 cases, as good in 17 cases, as fair in 4 cases, and as poor in 2 cases, resulting in an excellent and good rate of 95.2% (118/124). All the 124 patients were followed up for an average of (12.4±3.7) months. First-stage fracture union was achieved in 120 patients, and fracture union was achieved in 2 patients of type 3 with breakage of the main nail only after replacement of the intramedullary nail. The mean healing time for the 122 patients was (5.1±1.4) months. In addition, hemiarthroplasty was performed in 2 patients of type 1.3 whose femoral head had been cut by a head nail. Postoperatively, urinary tract infection occurred in 5 cases but responded to appropriate symptomatic treatment. The Harris hip score was (94.2±5.4) points at the last follow-up, and 103 cases were excellent, 17 cases good, and 4 cases poor, giving an excellent and good rate of 96.8% (120/124).Conclusion:It is easy to understand and master the new classification of irreducible intertrochanteric fractures based on the displacement of the proximal head and neck bone which can directly and effectively guide the intraoperative reduction, leading to satisfactory reduction and fixation.

AIM:To investigate the effect of Tongsai granules(TSG)on epithelial barrier dysfunction in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)and the underlying mechanism.METHODS:Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,TSG group,and moxifloxacin(MXF)+salbutamol(STL)group.Rat COPD model was established over 8 weeks.On day 3 of week 9,the rats with COPD were intratracheally administered Klebsiella pneumoniae to establish the AECOPD model.On days 1 to 2 and 4 to 7 in week 9,saline was administered via oral gavage to the rats in control and model groups,and the rats in TSG and MXF+ STL groups were treated daily with TSG and MXF+STL by gavage,respectively.Peak expiratory flow(PEF),histopatho-logical changes,and the expression levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),matrix me-talloproteinase 2(MMP2),MMP9,zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),E-cadherin(E-Cad)and occludin(OCC)were deter-mined.Moreover,human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extract(CSE)and treated with different TSG fractions,and the protein levels of ZO-1,E-Cad,OCC,epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),phosphorylated EGFR(p-EGFR),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)and phosphorylated ERK(p-ERK)were determined.RESULTS:Treatment with TSG significantly reduced bronchial wall thickness,mean linear intercept,and the levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,MMP2 and MMP9(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),significantly increased mean alveolar number and PEF(P＜0.01),and up-regulated the ZO-1,E-Cad and OCC protein levels(P＜0.01)in the lungs of AECOPD rats.Treatment with TSG2,the second TSG fraction,increased the protein levels of ZO-1,E-Cad and OCC in a dose-dependent manner in CSE-exposed BEAS-2B cells(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Network pharmacology analysis of 328 targets of the com-pounds in TSG2 and 3 864 genes related to AECOPD suggested that TSG2 relieved AECOPD likely through the regulation of ERBB2,ERK,EGFR,IL and WNT signaling pathways.Treatment with TSG2 also inhibited CSE-induced increases in p-EGFR and p-ERK levels in BEAS-2B cells(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Treatment with TSG could maintain airway epithelial barrier function in AECOPD rats,likely through the inhibition of EGFR/ERK signaling pathway.

Objective:To study the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) activity and its clinical characteristics in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Methods:From January 2016 to August 2017, patients with HFRS who were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were routinely tested by EBV serology, and were divided into two groups according to their presence or absence of EBV infection, namely EBV active group and non-EBV active group. The clinical data between the two groups were compared and analyzed by SPSS 18.0.Results:A total of 188 HFRS patients were enrolled, including 73 cases in EBV active group and 115 cases in non-EBV active group. The EBV active rate of HFRS patients was 38.83% (73/188). The incidences of lumbago [57.53% (42/73) vs 42.61% (49/115)], abdominal pain [42.47% (31/73) vs 20.00% (23/115)], skin and mucosa congestion [57.53% (42/73) vs 39.13% (45/115)], and conjunctiva edema [50.68% (37/73) vs 28.70% (33/115)] in EBV active group were significantly higher than those in non-EBV active group (χ 2 = 3.983, 11.008, 6.083, 9.239, P < 0.05). There were 10, 7 and 43 patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) stage 1, 2 and 3 in EBV active group and 5, 13 and 53 patients in non-EBV active group. Degree of AKI in EBV active group was higher than that in non-EBV active group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 12.615, P < 0.05). In EBV active group, the proportion of patients whose renal function recovery over 15 days [23.29% (17/73)] and white blood cell count [11.26 (3.39 ~ 54.23) × 10 9/L] were significantly higher than those in non-EBV active group [6.96% (8/115), 10.03 (2.91 ~ 66.99) × 10 9/L], and the differences were statistically significant (χ 2 = 10.330, Z = - 2.003, P < 0.05). Conclusion:HFRS patients may cause latent EBV activity, complicate their clinical features, cause severe renal damage and prolong the recovery time of renal function.

Objective:To compare the expression of myeloid cell trigger receptor expressed on myoid cell 2 (TREM2) in different brain regions of tyrosine kinase binding protein(TYROBP) knockout mice and wild-type mice at different months of age, and to explore the relationship between TREM2, TYROBP and early onset Alzheimer's disease(EOAD).Methods:Healthy TYROBP gene knockout mice were divided into three groups according to the results of gene sequencing: the homozygous (TYROBP -/-) group, the heterozygous (TYROBP -/+ ) group, and the wild type (WT) group.Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of TREM2 in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of 2, 4 and 6 month old mice in the three groups and with 10 in each group at each time point. Results:(1) In the prefrontal cortex: Western blot and RT-qPCR results showed that compared with WT mice (2-month-old: (0.993±0.048), (1.654±0.033); 4-month-old: (0.503±0.019), (2.169±0.023); 6-month-old: (0.600±0.036), (1.468±0.057)), the levels of TREM2 protein and mRNA in 2-month-old TYROBP -/+ group ((0.746±0.062), (1.137±0.067)) and TYROBP -/- group ((0.661±0.028), (0.644±0.012)) were decreased.While in 4-month-old and 6-month-old TYROBP -/+ group (4-month-old: (1.140±0.006), (5.483±0.088); 6-month-old: (0.827±0.043), (3.020±0.082)) and TYROBP -/- group (4-month-old: (1.071±0.010), (3.012±0.150); 6-month-old: (0.627±0.026), (1.633±0.027)) were increased, especially in 4-month-old mice and the differences were statistically significant ( F=12.946, 134.445; 725.318, 289.202; 12.172, 202.791; all P<0.05). (2) In the hippocampus: Western blot results showed that compared with WT mice (2-month-old: (1.268±0.036); 4-month-old: (0.813±0.010); 6-month-old: (0.312±0.021)), the level of TREM2 protein in 2-month-old TYROBP -/+ group ((0.804±0.034)) and TYROBP -/- group ((0.534±0.020)) were decreased.While in 4-month-old and 6-month-old TYROBP -/+ group ((0.932±0.011); (0.769±0.031)) and TYROBP -/- group ((0.910±0.014); (0.609±0.018)) were increased, especially in 4-month-old mice and the differences were statistically significant ( F=142.807; 27.884; 94.067; all P<0.05). Conclusion:The expression level of TREM2 decreases in 2-month-old TYROBP gene knockout mice while increases in 4-month-old and 6-month-old TYROBP gene knockout mice.It is presumed that TREM2/TYROBP signal pathway participates in the pathological process of EOAD and plays different roles in different pathological stages of EOAD.