Objective To discuss the application of gelatin sponge-hemocoagulase plugging agent in patients with pulmonary puncture bleeding.Methods The clinical data of 43 patients with hemorrhage caused by DSA-guided lung puncture biopsy,who received gelatin sponge-hemocoagulase plugging agent treatment at the Jining Municipal First People's Hospital of China between September 2021 and May 2023,were collected,and the hemostatic effect of gelatin sponge-hemocoagulase plugging agent was analyzed.Results Successful lung puncture needle biopsy was achieved in all the 43 patients.The puncture needle channel occlusion was accomplished by using gelatin sponge-hemocoagulase plugging agent.Five minutes after occlusion treatment,in one patient,whose moderate hemoptysis with moderate bleeding shadow before puncture needle biopsy changed to bloody sputum,the intrapulmonary bleeding shadow displayed on image became slightly enlarged when compared the size five minutes ago,while in all the remaining patients successful hemostasis was achieved,the hemoptysis disappeared and the pulmonary hemorrhage shadow was similar to that five minutes ago.No occlusion-related complications occurred in all patients.Conclusion For the treatment of pulmonary hemorrhage caused by DSA-guided lung puncture biopsy,gelatin sponge-hemocoagulase plugging agent is clinically safe and effective.

Objective:To investigate the protective role and mechanism of hypoxia inducible factor(HIF)-1α in myocardial ischemia postconditioning.Methods:Forty healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into four groups with 10 rats in each group.The control group(group A)was sham operation group, and the rats underwent the same surgical procedures except that the suture passed under the left anterior descending branch(LAD)of the coronary artery was not tightened for 225 minutes.In the ischemia-reperfusion group(group B), the LAD was blocked for 45 minutes, and then reperfusion for 3 hours.In the ischemic postconditioning group(group C), 45 minutes after blocking the LAD, reperfusion was performed for 10 seconds-ischemia for 10 seconds at the beginning of reperfusion, a total of 3 cycles of intervention, and reperfusion for 3 hours.Ischemic postconditioning + HIF-1α inhibitor group(group D): 45 minutes after blocking the LAD, HIF-1α inhibitor AG490 (3 μg/g) was injected intraperitoneally, and reperfusion was performed for 10 seconds-ischemia 10 seconds at the moment of reperfusion.A total of 3 cycles of intervention, reperfusion for 3 hours.Blood samples were harvested from femoral vein at three time points(before ligation of the LAD, 45 minutes after ischemia, 3 hours after reperfusion)to analyze the serum levels of creatine kinase and cardiac troponin respectively.After 3 hours of reperfusion, myocardial tissue was used to measure the infarction size through 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining method; and Western blot method was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α in each group.Results:(1) There were no significant differences in the serum levels of creatine kinase and cardiac troponin among four groups before ligation( P>0.05); 45 minutes after ischemia, there were significant differences between group B, group C, and group D compared with group A ( P<0.01). After 3 hours of reperfusion, there were significant differences between group B, group C, and group D compared with group A (all P<0.01), and group B, group D were significantly higher than that in group C ( P<0.05). (2)Compared with group A[(2.46±1.13)%], the area of myocardial infarction in group B was (45.81±5.96)%, in group C was (37.17±4.99)%, and group D was (45.00±3.29) %, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01). (3)The HIF-1α protein in myocardial tissue in group A was slightly expressed; the expression of HIF-1α protein in group B was higher than that in group A( P<0.05); and group C was significantly higher than that in group B ( P<0.05); HIF-1α protein was almost not expressed in group D. Conclusion:After ischemic postconditioning, HIF-1α increased in myocardium; the increased expression of HIF-1α may be involved in the protective process of myocardial ischemic postconditioning in rats.

Objective:To investigate public health-related professions' recruit requirements and understand the training scheme for preventive medicine-majored undergraduates in colleges and universities in China.Methods:An online questionnaire was adopted to collect data on the recruit requirements of public health-related professions. Information on the core courses, internship, and practical training for preventive medicine-majored undergraduates was collected through universities' official websites.Results:The employers had a high requirement for education and specific majors. Also, administration professions attached importance to comprehensive quality, while professional positions to professional skills. 47.2% (67/142) employers made Talent Introduction Programs for the next three years. 20.0% (3/15) universities offered all the core courses required by national standards. For internship and practical training, both clinical practice and professional practice's median durations were 16 and 11 weeks, respectively.Conclusion:Employers showed significant demand for public health graduates and having a high requirement for personal ability and comprehensive quality. The universities should improve the setting of core courses and strengthen students' practical ability and overall quality.

Objective:To understand the basic qualities, practitioners will and related influences, of undergraduate, master, and doctoral students majoring in public health (hereinafter referred to as public health students), and explore the influencing factors of practitioners will.Methods:Through the online questionnaire survey, we collected information on the basic qualities of the public health students, their practitioners will and related influencing factors, and their opinions on the current state of public health in China. χ 2 test and multi-factor logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of public health students' willingness to engage in public health related work, and word frequency analysis was used to conduct a descriptive analysis of public health students' views on public health in China. Results:A total of 2 081 pieces of valid information were collected, of which 86.54% (1 801/2 081) of the students in the school chose to engage in public health related work in the future. For public health students, the higher the target after-tax monthly income ( OR=0.345, 95% CI: 0.158-0.751), the lower the willingness to engage in public health related work in the future; Very satisfied with school employment guidance work ( OR=4.072, 95% CI: 1.234-13.436) compared with very dissatisfied, the willingness to engage in public health related work in the future is higher. Conclusion:The willingness of students in public health related majors to engage in public health related majors in China is mainly affected by three factors: payment levels, employment guidance and professional post recognition. It is recommended to appropriately raise the salaries of public health related positions. Strengthening school employment guidance training and professional identity training is conducive to enhancing the willingness of public health students to engage in relevant work in their profession.

Objective:To understand the basic qualities, practitioners will and related influences, of undergraduate, master, and doctoral students majoring in public health (hereinafter referred to as public health students), and explore the influencing factors of practitioners will.Methods:Through the online questionnaire survey, we collected information on the basic qualities of the public health students, their practitioners will and related influencing factors, and their opinions on the current state of public health in China. χ 2 test and multi-factor logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of public health students' willingness to engage in public health related work, and word frequency analysis was used to conduct a descriptive analysis of public health students' views on public health in China. Results:A total of 2 081 pieces of valid information were collected, of which 86.54% (1 801/2 081) of the students in the school chose to engage in public health related work in the future. For public health students, the higher the target after-tax monthly income ( OR=0.345, 95% CI: 0.158-0.751), the lower the willingness to engage in public health related work in the future; Very satisfied with school employment guidance work ( OR=4.072, 95% CI: 1.234-13.436) compared with very dissatisfied, the willingness to engage in public health related work in the future is higher. Conclusion:The willingness of students in public health related majors to engage in public health related majors in China is mainly affected by three factors: payment levels, employment guidance and professional post recognition. It is recommended to appropriately raise the salaries of public health related positions. Strengthening school employment guidance training and professional identity training is conducive to enhancing the willingness of public health students to engage in relevant work in their profession.

Objective:To understand the employment situation of graduates of public health-related majors and explore the associated factors of turnover intention among public health practitioners in China.Methods:In April 2020, the convenient sampling method was used to recruit public health related graduates from 98 universities with public health-related majors from 31 provinces in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) and from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (only including working or unemployed status, no requirement for graduation years). A total of 1 322 questionnaires were collected, of which 1 165 (88.1%) were valid. Through the network questionnaire survey, the information of public health graduates′ work situation, job satisfaction and turnover intention were collected. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the associated factors of turnover intention, and structural equation model was constructed to explore the correlation between turnover intention and job satisfaction.Results:The age of 1 165 graduates was (28.1 ±4.8) years. Among them, 719 (61.7%) were female and 856 (73.5%) graduates were engaged in public health-related work after graduation. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with those over 30 years old, graduates under 30 years old had higher turnover intention ( OR=2.531, 95% CI: 1.549-4.155). Compared with those with junior or no title, graduates with senior title had higher turnover intention ( OR=2.310, 95% CI: 1.047-5.162). The results of structural equation model analysis showed that the four factors of job satisfaction, ‘salary and welfare’, ‘promotion development’, ‘work itself’, and ‘internal and external environment’, were negatively correlated with turnover intention. The internal and external environment had the greatest impact on turnover intention (total effect =-0.539). Conclusion:Most graduates of public health-related majors are engaged in public health-related work in China. Age, professional title and job satisfaction are the associated factors of turnover intention.

Objective:To understand the employment situation of graduates of public health-related majors and explore the associated factors of turnover intention among public health practitioners in China.Methods:In April 2020, the convenient sampling method was used to recruit public health related graduates from 98 universities with public health-related majors from 31 provinces in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) and from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (only including working or unemployed status, no requirement for graduation years). A total of 1 322 questionnaires were collected, of which 1 165 (88.1%) were valid. Through the network questionnaire survey, the information of public health graduates′ work situation, job satisfaction and turnover intention were collected. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the associated factors of turnover intention, and structural equation model was constructed to explore the correlation between turnover intention and job satisfaction.Results:The age of 1 165 graduates was (28.1 ±4.8) years. Among them, 719 (61.7%) were female and 856 (73.5%) graduates were engaged in public health-related work after graduation. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with those over 30 years old, graduates under 30 years old had higher turnover intention ( OR=2.531, 95% CI: 1.549-4.155). Compared with those with junior or no title, graduates with senior title had higher turnover intention ( OR=2.310, 95% CI: 1.047-5.162). The results of structural equation model analysis showed that the four factors of job satisfaction, ‘salary and welfare’, ‘promotion development’, ‘work itself’, and ‘internal and external environment’, were negatively correlated with turnover intention. The internal and external environment had the greatest impact on turnover intention (total effect =-0.539). Conclusion:Most graduates of public health-related majors are engaged in public health-related work in China. Age, professional title and job satisfaction are the associated factors of turnover intention.

Congenital heart defects(CHD) are the most common birth defects in China. However, the etiology of most CHD remains unclear. In recent years, with the development of molecular diagnostic techniques, some researchers began to pay attention to microRNA in CNVs detected in CHD children. However, microRNA in CNVs(miRNA-CNVs) as a genetic mechanism in CHD is not known with certainty. So the research progress of the relationship between microRNA, CNVs, miRNA-CNVs and CHD were summarized in this paper.

Objective To study the effect of erythropoietin( EPO) pretreatment on myocardial pro-tection in perioperative period of infant congenital heart disease operation and explore its underlying mecha-nism. Methods All the 80 patients who were suffered from non-cyanotic congenital heart disease undergone cardiopulmonary bypass in open heart operation were selected from Shengjing Hospital of China Medical Uni-versity cardiac surgery ward from April 2014 to January 2017. The patients were randomly divided into A,B, C three groups according to blocked randomization method. Group A patients were treated with subcutaneous injection of EPO 150 IU/kg 12 hours before operation,group B patients were treated with subcutaneous injec-tion of EPO 300 IU/kg 12 hours before operation,patients in group C( control group) had no treatment. All patients were detected myocardial zymetology after admission to hospital as well as 24 h,48 h,72 h after oper-ation. HSP70,ERK1/2 mRNA and protein expression in right auricle were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot method,respectively. Results At each time point after operation,myocardial zymetology were signifi-cantly lower in group A and B compared with group C,the index of myocardial zymetology in group A were lower than that in group B(P<0. 05). The expressions of HSP70,ERK1/2 mRNA and protein were signifi-cantly up-regulated in group A and B compared to the control group(P<0. 05). The expressions of HSP70, ERK1/2 mRNA and protein in group A were significantly higher than those in group B ( P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusion EPO pretreatment has a positive effect on the myocardial protection during cardiopulmonary bypass. EPO may act a role of endogenous myocardial protection through up-regulation of the expressions of HSP70 and ERK1/2. The dosage of 150 IU/kg EPO is more significant on the effect of myocardial protection.

Objective To evaluate the hearing effects in hearing impaired children using FM system .Methods The FM listening evaluation for children questionnaire was used to evaluate 27 cases with sensorineural hearing loss who were fitted hearing aids or cochlear implants ,or using FM system .The auditory skills of the patients were evaluated in four kinds of listening environments :quiet ,noise ,auditory only and distance by this questionnaire . Each question required a subjective score based on the child's response .The higher the scores the better the results . The age range of the participants was 3 .48~5 .50 .On an average ,their experience of using hearing instruments was 2 .56 ± 0 .97 years .Results With local microphones only ,the total score was 67 .55% ;in quiet situation ,the score was 85 .33% ;in noise ,the score was 60 .54% ;with visual only ,the score was 69 .58% and in distance ,the score was 69 .5% .With frequency modulated + microphone ,the total score was 84 .35% ,in quiet situation ,the score was 94 .89% ,in noise ,the score was 81 .35% ,with visual only ,the score was 83 .56% ,and in distance ,and the score was 83 .29% .The score of the subjects with hearing instruments only in quiet was significant higher than those of in noise and long distance without eye clue situation(F=49 .53 ,P<0 .05) .The score of the subjects was significant improved after using FM system (P<0 .05) .The score of the subjects with hearing instruments and FM system in quiet was also significant higher than those of in noise ,long distance ,without eye clue situation(F=24 . 80 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion FM system could improve the listening experience in hearing impaired children in a com‐plex environment .However ,processes and programs for preschool hearing impaired children should be further standardized and improved when fitting FM system ,as findings of variability in questionnaire performance .