Objective To understand and evaluate the overall status of nucleic acid detection efficacy for influenza A virus in the na-tionwide clinical laboratories of China,and discover and identify the potential issues to further improve the detection quality.Methods During 2024,the National Center for Clinical Laboratories distributed five samples to nationwide 1 367 participating laboratories.The detection efficacy of each participating laboratory was evaluated by calculating the overall percent agreement(OPA)of the test results using different detection reagents.Results The results of OPA,positive percent agreement(PPA)and negative percent agreement(NPA)of the five samples were 99.87％(6 826/6 835),99.89％(5 462/5 468),and 99.78％(1 364/1 367),respectively.No statistical difference of PPAs was observed between the H3N2 samples with different concentrations,between H1N1(2009)and H3N2 samples with equivalent concentration(1.0×104 copies/mL),and between seasonal H1N1 and H3N2 samples with equivalent concen-tration(1.0×105 copies/mL)(P＞0.05).Conclusion The results indicated the clinical laboratories in China exhibited robust efficacy in the molecular detection for two prevalent influenza A virus subtypes,i.e.,H1N1(2009)and H3N2.However,false-negative and false-positive results were encountered in a few laboratories.

Objective:To reveal the differences in the transcriptome maps of brain tissues in mice subjected to Flash irradiation and conventional dose rate irradiation with electron beams and to explain the biological effect and mechanisms of Flash irradiation from multiple perspectives.Methods:Following the principle of grouping based on approximate body weights, 36 female C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups, i. e., the control, conventional dose rate irradiation (CONV), and Flash irradiation (Flash) groups, with 12 mice in each group. Both the CONV and Flash groups received a single 15 Gy whole-brain irradiation with 9 MeV electron beams. At 3 d post-irradiation, the whole-brain tissue specimens were collected for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to observe pathological changes. At 1, 3, and 10 weeks post-irradiation, the motion function, cognitive ability, depression level, and spatial memory capacity of the mice were assessed using ethology. At 1 and 10 weeks after behavioral experiments, brain tissue samples were collected and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen for reference-based transcriptome sequencing. Accordingly, the differences in the transcriptome maps of radiation-induced brain injury between CONV and Flash groups were analyzed.Results:The HE staining-based pathological result revealed that compared to the CONV group, the Flash group exhibited reduced glial cell hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration in brain tissues. Ethological research result at 1 week post-irradiation showed that the CONV group manifested a significantly decreased total traveled distance compared to the control and Flash groups ( t = 5.51, 2.38, P < 0.05) and a significantly increased immobility time compared to the control group ( t = 3.60, P < 0.05). Ethological research result at 3 weeks post-irradiation indicated that compared to the CONV group, the Flash group displayed significantly alleviated cognitive impairment ( t = 3.35, P < 0.05) and reduced depression levels ( t = 2.39, P < 0.05). Ethological research result at 10 weeks post-irradiation demonstrated that the CONV group showed the worst cognitive performance, significantly differing from the control group ( t = 4.53, P < 0.05). Transcriptome sequencing result revealed that besides immune-related pathways, the Flash group also exhibited multiple upregulated metabolic pathways and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-related pathways compared to the CONV group. Conclusions:Compared to conventional dose rate irradiation, Flash irradiation can effectively alleviate radiation-induced brain injury in mice. This effect is associated with various metabolic pathways (including amino acid metabolism) and FGF-related pathways besides immune pathways.

The 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology(ASCO)Annual Meeting was held in Chicago from May 30 to June 3,2025.As one of the largest and most influential academic events in global oncology,the ASCO meeting brought together numerous world-class oncology experts.It focused on the unmet clinical needs in gastrointestinal malignancies such as hepatocellular carcinoma,cholangiocarcinoma,and pancreatic cancer,and presented a wealth of cutting-edge research findings and therapeutic innovations.These advances provide important evidence-based support for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers.Based on the latest achievements presented at ASCO 2025,this article discusses the hot topics and future directions in the management of hepatobiliary and pancreatic tumors.

The 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology(ASCO)Annual Meeting was held in Chicago from May 30 to June 3,2025.As one of the largest and most influential academic events in global oncology,the ASCO meeting brought together numerous world-class oncology experts.It focused on the unmet clinical needs in gastrointestinal malignancies such as hepatocellular carcinoma,cholangiocarcinoma,and pancreatic cancer,and presented a wealth of cutting-edge research findings and therapeutic innovations.These advances provide important evidence-based support for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers.Based on the latest achievements presented at ASCO 2025,this article discusses the hot topics and future directions in the management of hepatobiliary and pancreatic tumors.

Objective:To reveal the differences in the transcriptome maps of brain tissues in mice subjected to Flash irradiation and conventional dose rate irradiation with electron beams and to explain the biological effect and mechanisms of Flash irradiation from multiple perspectives.Methods:Following the principle of grouping based on approximate body weights, 36 female C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups, i. e., the control, conventional dose rate irradiation (CONV), and Flash irradiation (Flash) groups, with 12 mice in each group. Both the CONV and Flash groups received a single 15 Gy whole-brain irradiation with 9 MeV electron beams. At 3 d post-irradiation, the whole-brain tissue specimens were collected for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to observe pathological changes. At 1, 3, and 10 weeks post-irradiation, the motion function, cognitive ability, depression level, and spatial memory capacity of the mice were assessed using ethology. At 1 and 10 weeks after behavioral experiments, brain tissue samples were collected and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen for reference-based transcriptome sequencing. Accordingly, the differences in the transcriptome maps of radiation-induced brain injury between CONV and Flash groups were analyzed.Results:The HE staining-based pathological result revealed that compared to the CONV group, the Flash group exhibited reduced glial cell hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration in brain tissues. Ethological research result at 1 week post-irradiation showed that the CONV group manifested a significantly decreased total traveled distance compared to the control and Flash groups ( t = 5.51, 2.38, P < 0.05) and a significantly increased immobility time compared to the control group ( t = 3.60, P < 0.05). Ethological research result at 3 weeks post-irradiation indicated that compared to the CONV group, the Flash group displayed significantly alleviated cognitive impairment ( t = 3.35, P < 0.05) and reduced depression levels ( t = 2.39, P < 0.05). Ethological research result at 10 weeks post-irradiation demonstrated that the CONV group showed the worst cognitive performance, significantly differing from the control group ( t = 4.53, P < 0.05). Transcriptome sequencing result revealed that besides immune-related pathways, the Flash group also exhibited multiple upregulated metabolic pathways and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-related pathways compared to the CONV group. Conclusions:Compared to conventional dose rate irradiation, Flash irradiation can effectively alleviate radiation-induced brain injury in mice. This effect is associated with various metabolic pathways (including amino acid metabolism) and FGF-related pathways besides immune pathways.

Objective To understand and evaluate the overall status of nucleic acid detection efficacy for influenza A virus in the na-tionwide clinical laboratories of China,and discover and identify the potential issues to further improve the detection quality.Methods During 2024,the National Center for Clinical Laboratories distributed five samples to nationwide 1 367 participating laboratories.The detection efficacy of each participating laboratory was evaluated by calculating the overall percent agreement(OPA)of the test results using different detection reagents.Results The results of OPA,positive percent agreement(PPA)and negative percent agreement(NPA)of the five samples were 99.87％(6 826/6 835),99.89％(5 462/5 468),and 99.78％(1 364/1 367),respectively.No statistical difference of PPAs was observed between the H3N2 samples with different concentrations,between H1N1(2009)and H3N2 samples with equivalent concentration(1.0×104 copies/mL),and between seasonal H1N1 and H3N2 samples with equivalent concen-tration(1.0×105 copies/mL)(P＞0.05).Conclusion The results indicated the clinical laboratories in China exhibited robust efficacy in the molecular detection for two prevalent influenza A virus subtypes,i.e.,H1N1(2009)and H3N2.However,false-negative and false-positive results were encountered in a few laboratories.

Neural loops are formed by interconnections between neurons through synaptic structures,which are the basic units of information transmission and processing in the brain and play an important role in the regulation of neural functions.After stroke,neural connections between the infarct and peri-infarct regions and the remote area are damaged,resulting in patients being at risk of neurological dysfunction or even disability.However,with advances in detection technology,an increasing number of studies are demonstrating that patients with stroke can undergo some functional recovery during the chronic phase,possibly via a mechanism related to the re-establishment of synaptic connections and neural circuits.Therefore,the development of specific technology to identify and manipulate neuronal activity patterns,as well as the use of high-resolution temporal and spatial imaging strategies to decipher these neurological processes,will allow us to understand the whole-brain network dynamics of stroke recovery and the mechanisms by which neural loop reestablishment occurs.Furthermore,we may be able to neurobiologically comprehend the closed-loop mechanisms that underlie the development of stroke pathology and their relationship to behavioral outcomes.Current technologies used for studying neural circuits include optogenetics,chemical genetics,in vivo calcium imaging,and functional magnetic resonance imaging.This article introduces the working principles of these four major technologies and focuses on summarizing the result of their respective application in resolving neural remodeling after stroke.We briefly analyze the application scenarios,advantages and disadvantages,and future development trends of each technique.This paper will help clinical and basic researchers to use these technologies to discover new therapeutic strategies and evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation strategies.

Objective:To evaluate the cerebral infarct volume and the nerve fiber connectivity between cortical and neurogenesis-related regions in the mouse model of reperfusion after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) by 11.7 Tesla(11.7 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods:MCAO models were established in SPF grade adult male C57BL/6 mice using the suture-occluded method.MRI scans were performed at 3 days before and 1 day after modeling.Infarct volumes were calculated, and nerve fiber tracking was performed on specific brain regions to analyze the nerve fiber number and the parameters of fractional anisotropy(FA), mean diffusivity(MD), axial diffusivity (AD)and radial diffusivity(RD). SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis, and paired t test was used to compare the data before and after modeling. Results:(1) After MCAO-induced ischemia, the infarct volume was up to (35.11±17.57)mm 3, and the FA value of the infarct area was significantly reduced compared with that of before modeling( t=4.73, P<0.01). (2) At the anterior-posterior(AP): + 1.2 mm section, the results of fiber tracking showed that compared with before modeling, the number of fiber bundles originating from the dorsal horn of the lateral sub-ventricle zone(SVZ)to the cortex reduced ((92 584.20±14 751.00) vs (59 815.60±6 752.46), t=4.87, P<0.01), and the number of fiber bundles projected to the infarcted area reduced ((107 671.40±10 497.57) vs (61 658.60±10 178.21), t=6.43, P<0.01). FA, AD, MD, and RD values were all decreased in different degrees( t=3.38-6.43, all P<0.05). (3) At the AP: -3.8 mm section, the number of fiber bundles originating from the dorsal horn of the SVZ to the cortex decreased (after modeling(96 944.00±18 331.09), before modeling(58 767.80±16 445.25), t=2.99, P<0.05), and the values of FA, AD, MD and RD decreased after ischemia ( t=7.30, 5.05, 6.74, 4.13, all P<0.05). Conclusion:The ultra-high field strength of 11.7 T MRI can accurately detect the following results that the number of nerve fiber bundles from the SVZ to the cortex or infarct area are both significantly reduced, and diffusion tensor parameters are consistently changed in mice after 1 day of ischemia-reperfusion.

Periarticular fracture of the shoulder is a common type of fractures in the elderly. Postoperative adverse events such as internal fixation failure, humeral head ischemic necrosis and upper limb dysfunction occur frequently, which seriously endangers the exercise and health of the elderly. Compared with the fracture with normal bone mass, the osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder is complicated with slow healing and poor rehabilitation, so the clinical management becomes more difficult. At present, there is no targeted guideline or consensus for this type of fracture in China. In such context, experts from Youth Osteoporosis Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Orthopedic Expert Committee of Geriatrics Branch of Chinese Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Osteoporosis Group of Youth Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons and Osteoporosis Committee of Shanghai Association of Chinese Integrative Medicine developed the Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder in the elderly ( version 2023). Nine recommendations were put forward from the aspects of diagnosis, treatment strategies and rehabilitation of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder, hoping to promote the standardized, systematic and personalized diagnosis and treatment concept and improve functional outcomes and quality of life in elderly patients with osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder.

Objective:To explore the surgical technique and clinical effect of pressure boost in repairing soft tissue defects of limbs with thinned anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALTP) .Methods:From January, 2015 to December, 2018, 18 cases with soft tissue defects of limbs with various damages of blood vessels and nerves with explosure of tendon and bone. There were 13 males and 5 females aged between 18 to 56 (averaged of 36.3) years, which were 6 defects in shank, 4 in foot and ankle, 5 in forearm, and 3 in hand. The soft tissue defect area was 7 cm ×12 cm to 13 cm ×30 cm. Thinned ALTP was used to repair the wound surface. The perforating vessels of the distal flap were anastomosed with one branch of the internal vessel pedicle flap to increase the pressure hence the blood supply of the distal region. The donor sites were sutured directly or covered by skin graft. Followed-up was conducted by 1-2 monthly clinic visits and telephone or on-line review to check the flap survival and recovery of functions.Results:All flaps survived without arterial or venous crisis. One flap had partial necrosis at the distal end, and healed after dressing change. One case had a swelling flap due to a congestion beneath the flap. The wound achieved primary healing after removal of sutures, ligation of subcutaneous vessels and drainage of hematoma. All patients were followed-up for 6 to 18 (average, 9.5) months. All flaps had good appearance and texture. After rehabilitation treatment, most of the joint activity had been recovered: extension and flexion of wrists joints ranged 60°-80°, 70°-80° for metacarpophalangeal joints and 40°-60° for ankle joints. One patient underwent ankle joint dorsiflexion function reconstruction and flap thinning at 6 months after operation due to the defects of most of the extensor tendon.Conclusion:During the use of free ALTP to repair soft tissue defect of limbs, application of the technique of pressure boost is able to increase blood supply to the distal region of flap. It helps to reduce the incidence of infection and necrosis at the edge of the flap.