OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality differences of Alpinia katsumadai from different habitats. METHODS High- performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was used to establish the fingerprints of A. katsumadai from 18 batches of different habitats， and the quality of A. katsumadai from different habitats was comprehensively evaluated by similarity evaluation， cluster analysis （CA）， principal component analysis （PCA）， orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） and the content determination results of alpinetin， pinocembrin， cardamonin and alnustone in A. katsumadai. RESULTS The similarity of HPLC fingerprints for 18 batches of A. katsumadai was ＞0.9. Eleven common peaks were identified from the chromatogram， and four of them were specifically characterized. Both CA and PCA grouped 18 batches of A. katsumadai into 3 categories， extracting 2 principal components （the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 89.798%）. OPLS-DA identified 9 quality difference markers， namely the components corresponding to peaks 4， 9， 3， 2， 7 （pinocembrin）， 8 （cardamonin）， 6 （alpinetin）， 10 and 11 （alnustone）. The content of alpinetin， pinocembrin， cardamonin， and alnustone ranged from 4.507 1-11.579 7， 5.154 4-14.183 3， 5.109 5-13.588 3 and 4.494 6-11.277 2 mg/g， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The quality of A. katsumadai from different habitats is quite different， and the quality of A. katsumadai from Hainan is the best.

Objective To explore the key environmental factors influencing the distribution and spatially stratified heterogeneity of the suitable habitats of Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.;To predict its potential suitable habitats within China;To provide theoretical guidance for the conservation of its wild resources,artificial introduction and cultivation,and production planning.Methods Based on the MaxEnt model,a distribution prediction model was established using 148 selected species distribution information and 28 environmental factor data.The ENMeval package in R language was used to optimize the model parameters.Quantitative analysis(q-value ranking)of environmental factors affecting spatial differentiation in potential suitable areas using geographic detector factor detection and interaction detection.Results After optimization,the accuracy of model was improved and the degree of overfitting was reduced.The average value of the area under the curve(AUC)was 0.940.The contribution rate of environmental factors and the jackknife test showed that the key environmental factors influencing the distribution of Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.mainly included the precipitation in March,the precipitation in November,elevation,the solar radiation intensity in October,the solar radiation intensity in December,and the average temperature in January.The results of raster calculation showed that the area of highly suitable habitats of Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.was approximately 4.105×104 km2,the area of moderately suitable habitats was approximately 4.243×105 km2,and the area of lowly suitable habitats was approximately 6.385×105 km2,accounting for about 3.8%,38.4%and 57.8%of the total area of suitable habitats,respectively.Conclusion This study can provide a basis for the conservation and sustainabele utilization of the wild resources of Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.

Objective To explore the environmental factors influencing the distribution of Pulsatilla chinensis(Bge.)Regel and to predict its potential habitat in China;To provide reference for the assessment of its wild resources and the introduction of its cultivation.Methods Totally 230 pieces of information on the distribution of sample sites were collected.Combined with data of 48 environmental factors,MaxEnt model and ArcGIS 10.8 software were used to select the dominant environmental factors that affect their distribution,and visual analysis of potential suitable areas was conducted.Results The prediction accuracy of the established model met the requirements(AUC＞0.9).The main environmental factors affecting the distribution of Pulsatilla chinensis(Bge.)Regel were the precipitation in the wettest season,the average temperature in November,the altitude,the standard deviation of the seasonal variation of temperature,the precipitation in May and the average temperature in August,with a cumulative contribution rate of 84.3％.The prediction results showed that it was mainly distributed in the North China and Northeast China,with a total suitability zone of about 2 382 461.60 km2,of which the low suitability zone was about 1 263 497.00 km2,the medium suitability zone was about 582 879.20 km2,and the high suitability zone was about 536 085.40 km2,accounting for approximately 53.03％,24.47％and 22.50％of the total suitability zone.Conclusion The results of the model are consistent with the literature records,which can provide theoretical reference for the sustainable utilization of Pulsatilla chinensis(Bge.)Regel.resources.

Objective To explore the key environmental factors influencing the distribution and spatially stratified heterogeneity of the suitable habitats of Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.;To predict its potential suitable habitats within China;To provide theoretical guidance for the conservation of its wild resources,artificial introduction and cultivation,and production planning.Methods Based on the MaxEnt model,a distribution prediction model was established using 148 selected species distribution information and 28 environmental factor data.The ENMeval package in R language was used to optimize the model parameters.Quantitative analysis(q-value ranking)of environmental factors affecting spatial differentiation in potential suitable areas using geographic detector factor detection and interaction detection.Results After optimization,the accuracy of model was improved and the degree of overfitting was reduced.The average value of the area under the curve(AUC)was 0.940.The contribution rate of environmental factors and the jackknife test showed that the key environmental factors influencing the distribution of Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.mainly included the precipitation in March,the precipitation in November,elevation,the solar radiation intensity in October,the solar radiation intensity in December,and the average temperature in January.The results of raster calculation showed that the area of highly suitable habitats of Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.was approximately 4.105×104 km2,the area of moderately suitable habitats was approximately 4.243×105 km2,and the area of lowly suitable habitats was approximately 6.385×105 km2,accounting for about 3.8%,38.4%and 57.8%of the total area of suitable habitats,respectively.Conclusion This study can provide a basis for the conservation and sustainabele utilization of the wild resources of Ranunculus ternatus Thunb.

Objective To explore the environmental factors influencing the distribution of Pulsatilla chinensis(Bge.)Regel and to predict its potential habitat in China;To provide reference for the assessment of its wild resources and the introduction of its cultivation.Methods Totally 230 pieces of information on the distribution of sample sites were collected.Combined with data of 48 environmental factors,MaxEnt model and ArcGIS 10.8 software were used to select the dominant environmental factors that affect their distribution,and visual analysis of potential suitable areas was conducted.Results The prediction accuracy of the established model met the requirements(AUC＞0.9).The main environmental factors affecting the distribution of Pulsatilla chinensis(Bge.)Regel were the precipitation in the wettest season,the average temperature in November,the altitude,the standard deviation of the seasonal variation of temperature,the precipitation in May and the average temperature in August,with a cumulative contribution rate of 84.3％.The prediction results showed that it was mainly distributed in the North China and Northeast China,with a total suitability zone of about 2 382 461.60 km2,of which the low suitability zone was about 1 263 497.00 km2,the medium suitability zone was about 582 879.20 km2,and the high suitability zone was about 536 085.40 km2,accounting for approximately 53.03％,24.47％and 22.50％of the total suitability zone.Conclusion The results of the model are consistent with the literature records,which can provide theoretical reference for the sustainable utilization of Pulsatilla chinensis(Bge.)Regel.resources.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of fractalkine (FKN) in the blood and renal tissues of patients with lupus nephritis and explore its significance.

METHODSAccording to the pathological classification, 48 patients with lupus nephritis were divided into mild group (22 cases) and severe group (26 cases), with 26 healthy subjects as the control group. RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were employed to detect the expression of FKN mRNA and protein in the blood of the subjects, and FKN expression and localization in the renal tissue of the patients with lupus nephritis were detected using immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSThe patients in both the mild and severe groups showed significantly increased expression of blood FKN mRNA and protein compared with the normal controls, and the increase was more obvious in severe cases (P<0.01). In the renal tissues of the patients, FKN was located mainly in the cytoplasm of the glomerular podocytes and renal tubular epithelial, and the number of positive glomerular cells number was significantly greater in severe cases than in the mild cases (P<0.01); FKN expression in the cortical interstitium did not show a significant difference between the 3 groups.

CONCLUSIONFKN expression in the blood and glomeruli of patients with lupus nephritis is related to the severity of renal pathologies.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokine CX3CL1 ; blood ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; metabolism ; Lupus Nephritis ; blood ; metabolism ; Middle Aged

Objective:To summarize present randomized controlled trials and assess the effect of beta-adrenoceptor blockers on vasovagal syncope using meta-analysis method.Methods:According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,articles were selected from medical electronic databases searching,including PubMed(1968-2007),EMBASE(1991-2007),Elsevier(1990-2007) and CNKI(1990-2007).Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) were assessed based on the Juni assessment.Meta-analysis was completed using software Review Manager 4.2.Indication for evaluating effect was recurrence of syncope during follow-up or response in head-up tilt test(HUT).The results were stated as relative risk(RR) or odd ratio(OR) and their 95% confidence interval(CI),and P