ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Yangjing Zhongyutang （YJZYT） on mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative stress damage mediated by the silent information regulator 1 （SIRT1）/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha （PGC-1α） signaling pathway in cyclophosphamide （CTX）-induced rats with diminished ovarian reserve （DOR）， and to explore its mechanism in improving ovarian reserve function and follicular development. MethodsForty-two 8-week-old female SD rats with normal estrous cycles were randomly divided into a blank control group （n=7） and a model group （n=35）. Rats in the model group received a single intraperitoneal injection of CTX （90 mg·kg^-1） to establish the DOR model. After modeling， estrous cycles were monitored for 7 consecutive days， and model success was confirmed based on criteria for estrous cycle disruption. After successful modeling， rats were divided into groups for intervention： estradiol valerate group （0.09 mg·kg^-1）， and YJZYT high-， medium-， and low-dose groups （19.98， 9.99， 5.00 g·kg^-1）. The blank control group and model group were given an equal volume of distilled water by gavage. All groups received daily gavage once for 4 consecutive weeks. The general state， body weight， and ovarian wet weight of rats were observed and recorded， and the ovarian organ index was calculated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， estradiol （E₂）， anti-Müllerian hormone （AMH）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was performed to observe ovarian histomorphological changes and follicular development status. Immunofluorescence was used to detect reactive oxygen species （ROS） expression levels. Colorimetric assays were employed to measure adenosine triphosphate （ATP） and malondialdehyde （MDA） content in ovarian tissues. Quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） copy number and the mRNA expression levels of key genes including SIRT1， PGC-1α， nuclear respiratory factor 1 （NRF1）， and mitochondrial transcription factor A （TFAM）. Western blot was performed to detect the protein expression levels of SIRT1， PGC-1α， NRF1， and TFAM. ResultsCompared with the blank group， rats in the model group exhibited disrupted estrous cycles， obviously reduced body weight， and decreased ovarian index （P<0.05）. Ovarian histopathology revealed cortical thinning， loose structure， and a significant reduction in both primordial and growing follicles （P<0.01）. Serum FSH and LH levels were significantly elevated （P<0.01）， while E₂ and AMH levels were obviously reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ATP content and mtDNA copy number decreased in ovarian tissue （P<0.01）， ROS expression increased， MDA levels rose， while SOD and GSH-Px activities obviously decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， mRNA and protein expression levels of SIRT1， PGC-1α， NRF1， and TFAM were obviously downregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. After treatment， compared with the model group， body weight and ovarian index obviously recovered in rats administered various doses of YJZYT （P<0.05）， serum E₂ and AMH levels increased， while FSH and LH levels obviously decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， ovarian tissue ATP content and mtDNA copy number were up-regulated， ROS and MDA levels decreased， and antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px activity obviously increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， Gene and protein expression levels related to the SIRT1/PGC-1α /NRF1/TFAM signaling pathway were obviously up-regulated compared to the model group （P<0.05， P<0.01）， HE staining revealed that ovarian structure gradually recovered to integrity in all treatment groups， with a obviously increase in the number of primordial and growing follicles （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Granulosa cells were neatly arranged， indicating marked improvement in ovarian function. ConclusionYJZYT may improve ovarian function and follicular development in rats with diminished ovarian reserve by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway， promoting mitochondrial biogenesis， enhancing mitochondrial function， and alleviating oxidative stress damage.

AIM: To investigate the potential causal relationship between gut microbiota(GM)and primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG)based on a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.METHODS: The exposure data was derived from the Genome-Wide Association Studies(GWAS)of GM at the University of Bristol, while the outcome data for POAG was sourced from the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit(IEU)Open GWAS database. In this study, inverse variance weighted(IVW), MR Egger, weighted median(WM), Simple Mode, and Weighted Mode were analyzed to investigate the potential causal relationships between GM and POAG. IVW was used as the primary method for this study, and sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the reliability of the MR analysis.RESULTS: The IVW analysis revealed that Butyrivibrio(OR=1.170, 95%CI: 1.057-1.295, P=0.002), Howardella(OR=1.188, 95%CI: 1.043-1.355, P=0.010), and LachnospiraceaeUCG001(OR=1.229, 95%CI: 1.016-1.485, P=0.033)were correlated with the risk of POAG. Conversely, Candidatus Soleaferrea(OR=0.810, 95%CI: 0.670-0.981, P=0.031), Ruminococcustorquesgroup(OR=0.656, 95%CI: 0.453-0.950, P=0.026), and RuminococcaceaeUCG013(OR=0.770, 95%CI: 0.598-0.990, P=0.041)were protective factors for POAG. Sensitivity analysis showed that there were no heterogeneity and pleiotropy among the instrumental variables.CONCLUSION: The MR study indicated a causal relationship between GM and POAG. Given the sight-threatening characteristic of POAG, early identification and intervention in the relative factors was significant for the prognosis of POAG.

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that the incidence and severity of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with lung cancer are higher than those in healthy people. At present, the main anti-tumor treatments for lung cancer include surgery, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and anti-angiogenesis therapy. While the effects of different anti-tumor treatments on the occurrence and severity of COVID-19 pneumonia are not uniform. Therefore, we aimed to describe clinical characteristics and antitumor therapy of patients with lung cancer and COVID-19 pneumonia, and examined risk factors for severity in this population. METHODS: From December 1, 2022 to February 15, 2023, a retrospective study was conducted in 217 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and pathologically confirmed lung cancer in the Jinling Hospital. We collected data about patients' clinical features, antitumor treatment regimen within 6 months, and the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. Risk factors for occurrence and severity of COVID-19 pneumonia were identified by univariable and multivariable Logistic regression models. RESULTS: (1) Among the 217 patients included, 51 (23.5%) developed COVID-19 pneumonia, of which 42 (82.4%) were classified as medium and 9 (17.6%) were classified as severe; (2) Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed overweight (OR=2.405, 95%CI: 1.095-5.286) and intrapulmonary focal radiotherapy (OR=2.977, 95%CI: 1.071-8.274) are risk factors for increasing occurrence of COVID-19 pneumonia, while other therapies are not; (3) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) history (OR=7.600, 95%CI: 1.430-40.387) was more likely to develop severe pneumonia and anti-tumor therapies such as intrapulmonary focal radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy did not increase severity. CONCLUSIONS Intrapulmonary focal radiation therapy within 6 months increased the incidence of COVID-19 pneumonia, but did not increase the severity. However, there was no safety concern for chemotherapy, targeted therapy, surgery and immunotherapy.
Humans ; COVID-19 ; Retrospective Studies ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Incidence ; Pneumonia/etiology*

Objective To study the effect of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)on male fertility and its application value in assisted reproduction so as to provide a new method for fertility assessment and etiological treatment of male infertility.Methods The relationship between sperm ROS and male infertility,sperm nuclear DNA integrity and sperm membrane function was analyzed.Then the relationships of the ROS of sperms for fertiliza-tion with fertilization rate,cleavage rate,embryo rate and pregnancy outcome were analyzed.Results(1)The percentage of the high ROS in sperm membrane of the male infertility group was significantly higher than that of the normal fertility group(P<0.01),but there was no statistical difference in the percentage of the high ROS in the sperm mitochondria between the two groups.(2)The normal rate of sperm membrane function in the normal group was significantly higher than that in the abnormal group(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in the sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI)between the groups.(3)There was significant difference in the fertilization rate between the IVF control group and IVF observation group,but no significant difference was seen in the cleavage rate,excellent embryo rate and clinical pregnancy rate between the groups.Conclusion Sperm ROS is related to male fertility to some extent.Abnormal ROS may lead to impaired sperm membrane function and affect sperm fertilization ability,thus affecting male fertility.The detection of ROS in sperm can be used as a new method to evaluate male fertility and provide a basis for diagnosis or treatment of male infertility.For patients with ART or infertility,the appropriate time to conceive can be selected according to the sperm ROS level.

Objective To investigate the pharmacodynamic effects of Poria triterpenes on tumor suppression in mice with ascites tumors,and to detect and identify the chemical components of Poria triterpenes using HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap method,and to explore the potential mechanism of action of Poria triterpenes on tumor suppression in mice with ascites tumors based on both of them using non-labeled definitive proteomics techniques.Methods Poria triterpene parts were extracted by solvent method,and the main components were detected and identified by HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap liquid mass spectrometer;mice were randomly divided into model group,Poria triterpene group and positive control group(mushroom polysaccharide group),after 21 days of continuous administration,to establish After continuous administration for 21 days,the H22 ascites tumor mouse model was established,and the effect of each drug group on the amount of ascites,spleen index,thymus index,liver index,serum TNF-Alpha and IL-2 in H22 ascites tumor mice was observed after one week of continued administration;then H22 cells were extracted from the ascites of mice,and the H22 cells in the model group and Poria triterpene group were detected by non-lable-free quantitative proteomics technique.The differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were screened out by using GO,KEGG and other analyses.Results The abdominal water volume in the mouse Poria triterpene group was significantly lower than that in the model group(P<0.05);the thymus index in the mouse Poria triterpene group was significantly higher than that in the model group(P<0.05);the serum levels of TNF-Alpha in the mouse Poria triterpene group were significantly different from those in the model group(P<0.01),and the serum levels of IL-2 in the mouse Poria triterpene group were significantly different from those in the model group(P<0.01).Through the analysis of the chemical composition of Poria triterpene parts,a total of 19 triterpenoids were identified,with four main structural types.A total of 188 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the Poria triterpene group compared with the model group,of which 86 differentially expressed proteins were up-regulated and 102 differentially expressed proteins were down-regulated;GO database analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins in the Poria triterpene group were mainly involved in the regulation of interleukin-1 production The KEGG database analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins in the Poria triterpene group were involved in signaling pathways closely related to tumor,mainly MAPK,Apoptosis,mTOR,Wnt and p53 pathways,etc.The genes coding for the seven representative differential proteins were validated at the mRNA level by RT-qPCR.Conclusion The pharmacodynamic study found that Poria triterpenes had tumor suppressive effect on H22 ascites tumor mice,then by proteomics found Poria triterpenes group ascites H22 cell protein compared to the model group changed significantly,the study thus showed that Poria triterpenes for mice ascites tumor mechanism of tumor suppressive effect mainly involves apoptosis,inflammatory response and immune process.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and imaging features of bilateral Wallerian degeneration of the middle cerebellar peduncles secondary to isolated pontine infarction.Methods:Patients diagnosed as bilateral Wallerian degeneration of cerebellar middle peduncle after isolated pontine infarction admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively included. Patients with bilateral Wallerian degeneration of cerebellar middle peduncle after isolated pontine infarction reported between January 2001 and December 2021 were collected by searching Chinese and English databases, and their clinical and imaging characteristics were summarized.Results:A total of 48 patients with bilateral Wallerian degeneration of cerebellar middle peduncle after isolated pontine infarction were included, including 14 patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, and 34 patients collected by searching the Chinese and English databases. Thirty-three patients were males (68.75%) and 15 were females (31.25%). Their age was 65.8±10.7 years old (range, 37-88 years). Most patients had vascular risk factors, and hypertension was the most common. Dysarthria and limb weakness were the main clinical symptoms at admission. The infarct sites of all 48 patients were located in the blood supply area of paramedian pontine arteries, of which 37 (77.08%) were unilateral (18 on the left and 19 on the right), 6 (12.50%) were bilateral sides, and 5 (10.42%) had incomplete data. When Wallerian degeneration was diagnosed, 8 patients (16.67%) had dizziness or ataxia, 6 (12.50%) had aggravated original symptoms, and the remaining 34 (70.83%) had no new symptoms or aggravated original symptoms. All patients showed symmetrical abnormal signals in bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles, with obvious hyperintensity on T 2 or diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). One patient showed T 2 hyperintensity in bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle on the next day after the onset of the infarction, which was the earliest case to find secondary Wallerian degeneration after isolated pontine infarction. Conclusions:Wallerian degeneration should be considered when symmetrical lesions of bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles occur after isolated pontine infarction. Wallerian degeneration may occur early after isolated pontine infarction. Most cases have no new symptoms or aggravated original symptoms. Conventional MRI can identify it early.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of fibrauretin injection against acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice.Methods Seventy-two healthy male adult Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 goups:normal control group,LPS group (intratracheal instilation of 5 mg/kg of LPS),hydrocortisone group (intraperitoneal injection of 3.3 mg/kg of hydrocortisone,once daily for 3 days,and intratracheal instilation of 5 mg/kg of LPS on the 4th day) and low dose,medium dose and high dose of fibrauretin groups (intraperitoneal injection of 2,10 and 50 mg/kg of fibrauretin,respectively,once daily for 3 days,and intratracheal instilation of 5 mg/kg of LPS on the 4th day).The mice in each group were sacrificed by dislocation 24 h after intratracheal instilation of LPS.The lung tissues of partial mice in each group were extracted and weighed to calculate the lung coefficients,and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed in partial mice in each group to collect the BALF for counting the inflammatory cells.Results The lung cofficients of mice in LPS group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P＜0.05).The lung cofficients of mice in hydrocortisone group,low dose,medium dose and high dose of fibrauretin groups were significantly lower than those in LPS group (P ＜ 0.05).For the percentage of inflammatory cells in BALF and the percentage of neutrophils in inflammatory cells,LPS group was significantly higher than the normal control group (P＜0.01),and compared with LPS group,hydrocortisone group,low dose,medium dose and high dose of fibrauretin groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.01).Conclusion Fibrauretin injection can significantly ameliorate the inflammatory reaction degree in mice with acute lung injury induced by LPS.

Objective To investigate the expression of Survivin,receptor for advanced glycation endproduct(RAGE) and high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) gene in human breast cancer and their clinical significance.Methods The expression of Survivin,RAGE and HMGB1 gene was detected by Real-time PCR technology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technology in the following tissue samples:50 early breast cancers,50 advanced breast cancers,and the corresponding adjacent normal mammary tissues.The relationship of their expression and several factors such as differentiation degree,invasion,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage of cancer was explored.Results The positive expression rate of Survivin,RAGE and HMGB1 gene was 62％,73％ and 79％ detected by Real-time PCR technology,78％,69％ and 72％ detected by FISH technology in breast cancer tissues.The overexpression of these genes was positively correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis.The expression of Survivin gene was positively correlated with the expression of RAGE and HMGB1.Conclusion Overexpression of Survivin,RAGE and HMGB1 gene is of great significance in early diagnosis and prognosis of human breast cancer.

Ohjective To investigate the expression of Survivin gene in human breast cancer and its clinical significance.MethodsReal-time PCR technology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technology were employed to detect the expression of Survivin gene in the following tissue samples:50 breast cancers in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ,50 breast cancers in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ,and the corresponding adjacent normal mammary tissues.The relationship of Survivin gene expression and several factors such as differentiation degree,invasion,lymph node metastasis,TNM stage was explored.ResultsThe positive expression rate of Survivin gene was 62％ and 78％ respectively detected by real-time PCR and FISH in breast cancer tissues.The overexpression of Survivin gene was positively correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis.ConclusionsOverexpression of Survivin gene can be used as one of the parameters in early diagnosis and prognosis of human breast cancer.Selective gene therapy based on these gene expressions may be useful.

An analytical method for the simultaneous determination of four quinolones in soil was developed. Soil samples were extracted by a mixture of 50% magnesium nitrate and 10% ammonia(96∶ 4, V/V)with an ultrasonic-assisted extraction, then purified and concentrated by HLB cartridge, and eluted with acetonitrile and 0.067 mol/L phosphoric acid(5∶ 1, V/V). Using acetonitrile and 0.067 mol/L phosphoric acid(pH=2.5) as the mobile phase, these analytes were quantificated by HPLC(fluorimetric detector) at excitation and emission wavelength of 280 nm and 450 nm respectively. The detective limits for four quinolones in soil were from 0.58 to 0.03 g/kg. The recoveries were 60.4% to 99.3% for soil samples. The method was successfully applied to determine the quinolones in soil samples from vegetable fields. Four quinolone compounds were detected to a different extent with total amounts of quinolones ranged from 27.84 to 129.26 μg/kg.