OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics,pathogen distribution and drug sensitivity of otomycosis in Hangzhou,in order to provide assistance for standardized treatment of otomycosis. METHODS A total of 115 cases of otomycosis with intact tympanic membranes,treated at our hospital from December 2022 to February 2024,were included in the study. Ear secretions were cultured,and pathogens were identified through morphological examination and mass spectrometry detection. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using a fungal susceptibility plate. All patients underwent ear canal cleaning under otoendoscopy combined with local drug perfusion. RESULTS The predominant pathogen in this region was Aspergillus terreus(60.8％). The susceptibility results showed that Aspergillus terreus is sensitive to posaconazole,voriconazole and itraconazole,and exhibits varying degrees of resistance to the other six drugs. The total effective rate of treatment in the 115 included patients reached 93％. CONCLUSION The main pathogen of otomycosis in this area is Aspergillus terreus,which is sensitive to triazole antifungal agents such as posaconazole,voriconazole,and itraconazole,which can be considered as the first choice for clinical treatment.

Objectives:To observe the clinical characteristics of familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) in Chinese population and explore the suitable diagnostic criteria of FCS in China.Methods:We screened 6856 patients with triglyceride ≥10 mmol/L from 9 hospitals in China between January 2010 and December 2023.The overall clinical information was collected and FCS-related gene testing was performed in 102 patients with high suspicion of FCS.Demographic characteristics were analyzed and FCS diagnosis was drafted.The FDA FCS diagnostic criteria was used to verify the FCS patients diagnosed in this study.At the same time,the prevalence of FCS patients with fasting triglyceride ≥10 mmol/L was explored in some of the above hospitals.Results:In this study,the diagnostic criteria for FCS in Chinese population were drafted based on European and American diagnostic criteria and Chinese clinical practice:(1) Fasting triglyceride ≥ 10 mmol/L after standard lipid-lowering treatment;(2) With one of the below-listed conditions:positive detection of FCS related genes;family history of hypertriglyceridemia pancreatitis (HTGP);history of pancreatitis in adolescence or adult HTGP;history of repeated hospitalization with unexplained abdominal pain.According to this criteria,60 were preliminarily diagnosed with FCS from the 102 patients enrolled.Their average age was (43.0±8.6) years old,male accounted for 70％,average triglyceride was (20.0±15.0) mmol/L.FCS related gene mutations were detected in 6 patients,all were lipoprotein lipase gene mutations.According to the American FCS diagnostic criteria,among the 60 FCS patients diagnosed in this study,the proportion of patients with "possible FCS" was 98.3％ (59/60),and the proportion of patients with "confirmed FCS" was 70.0％ (42/60).According to the diagnostic criteria of FCS patients in this study,the prevalence of FCS patients with TG ≥10 mmol/L is about 0.5％ (33/6722).Conclusions:The clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese patients with FCS are consistent with those of European and American patients.The diagnostic criteria for FCS drafted in this study can be further verified and promoted in Chinese population.

Objectives:To observe the clinical characteristics of familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) in Chinese population and explore the suitable diagnostic criteria of FCS in China.Methods:We screened 6856 patients with triglyceride ≥10 mmol/L from 9 hospitals in China between January 2010 and December 2023.The overall clinical information was collected and FCS-related gene testing was performed in 102 patients with high suspicion of FCS.Demographic characteristics were analyzed and FCS diagnosis was drafted.The FDA FCS diagnostic criteria was used to verify the FCS patients diagnosed in this study.At the same time,the prevalence of FCS patients with fasting triglyceride ≥10 mmol/L was explored in some of the above hospitals.Results:In this study,the diagnostic criteria for FCS in Chinese population were drafted based on European and American diagnostic criteria and Chinese clinical practice:(1) Fasting triglyceride ≥ 10 mmol/L after standard lipid-lowering treatment;(2) With one of the below-listed conditions:positive detection of FCS related genes;family history of hypertriglyceridemia pancreatitis (HTGP);history of pancreatitis in adolescence or adult HTGP;history of repeated hospitalization with unexplained abdominal pain.According to this criteria,60 were preliminarily diagnosed with FCS from the 102 patients enrolled.Their average age was (43.0±8.6) years old,male accounted for 70％,average triglyceride was (20.0±15.0) mmol/L.FCS related gene mutations were detected in 6 patients,all were lipoprotein lipase gene mutations.According to the American FCS diagnostic criteria,among the 60 FCS patients diagnosed in this study,the proportion of patients with "possible FCS" was 98.3％ (59/60),and the proportion of patients with "confirmed FCS" was 70.0％ (42/60).According to the diagnostic criteria of FCS patients in this study,the prevalence of FCS patients with TG ≥10 mmol/L is about 0.5％ (33/6722).Conclusions:The clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese patients with FCS are consistent with those of European and American patients.The diagnostic criteria for FCS drafted in this study can be further verified and promoted in Chinese population.

Although somatic cells can be reprogrammed to pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) with pure chemicals, authentic pluripotency of chemically induced pluripotent stem cells (CiPSCs) has never been achieved through tetraploid complementation assay. Spontaneous reprogramming of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) was another non-transgenic way to obtain PSCs, but this process lacks mechanistic explanation. Here, we reconstructed the trajectory of mouse SSC reprogramming and developed a five-chemical combination, boosting the reprogramming efficiency by nearly 80- to 100-folds. More importantly, chemical induced germline-derived PSCs (5C-gPSCs), but not gPSCs and chemical induced pluripotent stem cells, had authentic pluripotency, as determined by tetraploid complementation. Mechanistically, SSCs traversed through an inverted pathway of in vivo germ cell development, exhibiting the expression signatures and DNA methylation dynamics from spermatogonia to primordial germ cells and further to epiblasts. Besides, SSC-specific imprinting control regions switched from biallelic methylated states to monoallelic methylated states by imprinting demethylation and then re-methylation on one of the two alleles in 5C-gPSCs, which was apparently distinct with the imprinting reprogramming in vivo as DNA methylation simultaneously occurred on both alleles. Our work sheds light on the unique regulatory network underpinning SSC reprogramming, providing insights to understand generic mechanisms for cell-fate decision and epigenetic-related disorders in regenerative medicine.
Male ; Mice ; Animals ; Cellular Reprogramming/genetics* ; Tetraploidy ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism* ; DNA Methylation ; Spermatogonia/metabolism* ; Germ Cells/metabolism*

Objective:To explore the association between short-term exposures to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) on blood lipids in the elderly. Methods:In this panel study, five repeated measurements were performed on 76 people aged 60-69 in Jinan city. Each participant had a PM 2.5 monitor for 72 hours before each health examination, including a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and biological sample collection. Serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were examined, and non-HDL-C concentrations were calculated by subtracting HDL-C from TC. The generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to quantify the association of personal PM 2.5 exposure at different lag with blood lipids and dyslipidemia. Results:The age of 70 participants was (65.0±2.8) years, of which 48.6% (34/70) were males. The BMI of participants was (25.0±2.5) kg/m 2. Their TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, and non-HDL-C concentrations were (5.75±1.32), (1.55±0.53), (3.27±0.94), (1.78±0.52), and (3.97±1.06) mmol/L, respectively. Generalized linear mixed-effects model showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, at lag 72 hours, each 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 was associated with the percentage change in TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and non-HDL-C about 1.77% (95% CI: 1.22%-2.32%), 1.90% (95% CI: 1.18%-2.63%), 1.99% (95% CI: 1.37%-2.60%) and 1.74% (95% CI: 1.11%-2.37%), and the OR values (95% CI) of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperbetalipoproteinemia were 1.11 (1.01-1.22), 1.33 (1.03-1.71) and 1.15 (1.01-1.31), respectively. Conclusion:There is a significant association of short-term PM 2.5 exposure with the concentration of blood lipids and the risk of dyslipidemia in the elderly.

In order to fulfill the new requirement of educational and teaching reform in the new era, the Teaching and Research Section of Parasitology in Guangxi Medical University have constructed online courses of Parasites Invasion— Human Parasitology on the platform of Xueyin Online, providing resources in professional learning and general education. In the construction concept, we recombine teaching content to give consideration to both scientificity and interest. In terms of the curriculum content, the curriculum includes micro lecture, PPT, in-lass quiz, case analysis and other diversified teaching resources. In the curriculum management, teachers interact with students in real time with the help of various functions of the platform to fully play the role of supervision. In the assessment, teachers pay attention to students' learning process and carry out comprehensive evaluation. Since the online course was put into operation, good teaching effects has been achieved.

Objective:To explore the association between short-term exposures to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) on blood lipids in the elderly. Methods:In this panel study, five repeated measurements were performed on 76 people aged 60-69 in Jinan city. Each participant had a PM 2.5 monitor for 72 hours before each health examination, including a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and biological sample collection. Serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were examined, and non-HDL-C concentrations were calculated by subtracting HDL-C from TC. The generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to quantify the association of personal PM 2.5 exposure at different lag with blood lipids and dyslipidemia. Results:The age of 70 participants was (65.0±2.8) years, of which 48.6% (34/70) were males. The BMI of participants was (25.0±2.5) kg/m 2. Their TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, and non-HDL-C concentrations were (5.75±1.32), (1.55±0.53), (3.27±0.94), (1.78±0.52), and (3.97±1.06) mmol/L, respectively. Generalized linear mixed-effects model showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, at lag 72 hours, each 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 was associated with the percentage change in TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and non-HDL-C about 1.77% (95% CI: 1.22%-2.32%), 1.90% (95% CI: 1.18%-2.63%), 1.99% (95% CI: 1.37%-2.60%) and 1.74% (95% CI: 1.11%-2.37%), and the OR values (95% CI) of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperbetalipoproteinemia were 1.11 (1.01-1.22), 1.33 (1.03-1.71) and 1.15 (1.01-1.31), respectively. Conclusion:There is a significant association of short-term PM 2.5 exposure with the concentration of blood lipids and the risk of dyslipidemia in the elderly.

Objective:To develop a comprehensive ability evaluation system for general practice management post in community health service institutions.Methods:Based on the previous studies and literature search on competency of general practitioners in various clinical posts, the first draft of the comprehensive ability indicator system for general management posts was designed. From November 2019 to January 2020, the comprehensive ability indicator system, classification and scoring method and evaluation method for general management posts were determined through three rounds of Delphi consultation.Results:Seventeen experts with administrative management experiences were invited for consultation, including 3 directors in charge and 14 general practice managers. The response rate of valid questionnaires in the three rounds of consultation were all 17/17, the authority of experts were all>0.7, and the coordination coefficients of expert opinions were 0.142, 0.212, and 0.532 (all P<0.01). The 11 evaluation indexes of the comprehensive ability of community general management posts were: achievement orientation, initiative, interpersonal understanding, service consciousness, influence, organization, training others, teamwork, team leadership, professional skills and confidence. Methods suitable for evaluation the ability of psychological test indicators were achievement orientation, interpersonal understanding, service consciousness and self-confident;appropriate indicators for no-leader group discussion were initiation, influence, team work, team leadership;appropriate indicators for in-tray test ability were organized cognition, professional skills;and the appropriate indicator for the ability of the structured interview was training others. Conclusions:The comprehensive ability evaluation system for community general management posts established in this study is scientific and practical, which may provide objective standard basis for the ability evaluation of community health management talents.

Objective To explore the value of applying flipped classroom in human parasitology. Methods Totally 430 students of 5-year program were divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental class received human parasitology teaching through flipped classroom teaching mode, while the control class received traditional teaching. The effect of teaching was evaluated by questionnaire and examination. The data were analyzed through t-test. Result Meanwhile, statistical difference was found in aver age score of total between experiment group and control group [(68.2 ±8.6) vs. (66.6 ±11.0), P=0.032]. There was also statistical difference in average score of comprehensive analysis [(16.4±3.2) vs. (16.1 ±3.9), P=0.038]. Questionnaire survey of satisfaction showed that 191 students of experimental class (90.95%) felt new teaching mode could improve autonomous learning ability, 199 students (94.76%) in-creased interest in learning;185 students (88.10%) had more interactive with teachers, 178 students (84.76%) enhanced cooperation between st udents, 186 students (88.57%) approved of small group discussion learning and 165 students (78.57%) had no extra burden. Conclusion Flipped classroom teaching mode can improve students' autonomous learning ability and cultivate their abilities of independent thinking, cooperation, criti-cism, innovation, analyzing and solving problems. Thus this new teaching mode is worthy of reference and popularization.

Objective:To study the difference in anti-hepatic fiborsis components between pre-and post-processed Trionyx Sinensis Carapace to guide the clinical application of Trionyx Sinensis Carapace. Methods:SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis was used to compare the constituents in pre-and post-processed Trionyx Sinensis Carapace, and the inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HSC-T6 was deter-mined by MTT. Results:The processed Trionyx Sinensis Carapace had much more components than the crude Trionyx Sinensis Cara-pace,and the relative molecular mass in the first-level band decreased resulting in the generation of micromolecular polypeptides. Both pre-and post-processed Trionyx Sinensis Carapace had anti-hepatic fibrosis, while the vinegar-processed Trionyx Sinensis was more ef-fective. Conclusion:The difference in the active components in pre- and post-processed Trionyx Sinensis Carapace is obvious, which provides foundation for the clinical application and further researches.