Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Zhuyun Yangmo Formula(composed of Dioscoreae Rhizoma,Corni Fructus,Cinnamomi Cortex,Cuscutae Semen,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Lycii Fructus,Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata,Polygonati Rhizoma,Asini Corii Colla,Rubi Fructus,etc.)combined with Letrozole for the treatment of patients with infertility caused by follicular maldevelopment(FM)of kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome type.Methods Sixty patients with FM-caused infertility of kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome type treated at the Reproductive Medicine Department of Qingyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February 2024 to August 2024 were randomized into a control group(30 cases,treated with Letrozole alone)and an observation group(30 cases,treated with Zhuyun Yangmo Formula plus Letrozole)for three menstrual cycles.Primary outcomes of maximum diameter of preovulatory follicles and serum levels of estradiol(E2),luteinizing hormone(LH),and follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.After treatment,the pregnancy rates in the two groups were compared.Results After treatment,serum E2,LH and FSH levels in both groups were significantly increased compared to those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the observation group showed significantly greater increase than the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.01).(2)After treatment,both groups showed improvement in the maximum diameter of preovulatory follicles compared to that before treatment(P＜0.05),and the observation group demonstrated significantly better improvement than the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.01).(3)After 3 menstrual cycles of treatment,the pregnancy rate in the observation group was 40.00%(12/30),significantly higher than 16.67%(5/30)in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).Conclusion Zhuyun Yangmo Formula combined with Letrozole demonstrates superior efficacy in improving follicular development,elevating serum E2,LH and FSH levels,and increasing pregnancy rates in patients with FM-caused infertility of kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome type when compared to Letrozole monotherapy alone.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Yishen Pojian Formula(YSPJF)combined with Letrozole in treating infertility due to ovulatory dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)patients of kidney deficiency and blood stasis type.Methods Sixty PCOS patients diagnosed as ovulatory-dysfunction-induced infertility(kidney deficiency and blood stasis type)at the Reproductive Medicine Department of Qingyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from February 2024 to December 2024 were randomized into an observation group and a control group using a random number table,with 30 cases in each group.The control group received Letrozole alone,while the observation group received YSPJF combined with Letrozole.Both groups were treated for three menstrual cycles and followed up for three months.The changes in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,serum levels of sex hormones[follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),testosterone(T),and anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH)],ovarian function parameters[antral follicle count(AFC),maximum follicle diameter(FD),and endometrial thickness(EM)]in the two groups were observed.Moreover,the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate were compared.Results(1)After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the serum FSH of the two groups was higher than that before treatment(P＜0.05),and the levels of serum LH,T,and AMH were lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the increase of the serum FSH level and the decrease of the levels of serum LH,T,and AMH in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group,the differences being all statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,AFC was reduced(P＜0.05)and FD and EM were elevated(P＜0.05)in both groups compared with those before treatment,and the reduction of AFC and the elevation of FD and EM in the observation group were significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate of the observation group were 90.00%(27/30)and 50.00%(15/30),respectively,which were higher than those of the control group[70.00%(21/30)and 30.00%(9/30)],and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion YSPJF combined with Letrozole exerts significant clinical efficacy for PCOS patients with infertility due to ovulatory dysfunction of kidney deficiency and blood stasis type,and the combined therapy is effective on alleviating TCM syndromes,modulating sex hormone levels,improving ovarian function,and elevating ovulation rate and pregnancy rate.

Objective: To investigate the difference in behavioral characteristics among different phenotypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), so as to provide insights into clinical differentiation of behavioral characteristics among different phenotypes of ADHD. Methods: The children with ADHD admitted to The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University were enrolled and classified into the inattentive type (ADHD-I), hyperactive/impulsive type (ADHD-HI) and combined type (ADHD-C). The reaction time (RT) was measured using integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test, and the mean (RT-mean) and standard deviation of RT (RT-SD) were estimated. In addition, the ALFF was calculated at 0.010 to 0.027, 0.027 to 0.073, 0.073 to 0.167 Hz, and the difference of ALFF was compared among children with different types of ADHD. Results: A total of 107 children with ADHD were enrolled, including 95 boys and 12 girls, with a mean age of (8.89±1.93) years. There were 69 children with ADHD-I, 8 children with ADHD-HI and 30 children with ADHD-C. The RT-SD was significantly higher among children with ADHD-C than among children with ADHD-I [(126.003±51.619) ms vs. (97.720±45.302) ms; P=0.007]; however, there was no significant difference in RT-mean among children with various ADHD phenotypes (F=1.386, P=0.255). There was an interaction between frequency and ADHD phenotypes (F=2.754, P=0.032), and the ALFF was significantly higher among children with ADHD-C than among children with ADHD-I at 0.010 to 0.027 [(5 590.567±231.595) ms vs. (4 694.001±154.397) ms; P=0.002] and 0.073 to 0.167 Hz [(4 312.609±174.709) ms vs. (3 690.805±116.473) ms; P=0.005]. Conclusions The ALFF varies in ADHD phenotypes, and there is a frequency-specific difference.

Objective To study the incidence of lactase deficiency and the risk factors affecting intestinal lactase secretion in newborns with lactase deficiency.Method From February to December 2016,newborns admitted to the neonatal ward of the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University were enrolled in this prospective study.Urine samples were taken within one to two hours after feeding for galactose qualitative tests,and the related clinical data were recorded.The newborns were assigned into lactase deficient group and non-lactase deficient group according to the test results.Then the risk factors of lactase deficiency were analyzed comparing the clinical data between the two groups.Result A total of 1 022 newborns were hospitalized during the research period,of whom 213 were enrolled in this study according to the inclusion criteria.154 cases had positive results in the urine galactose qualitative tests,yielding the incidence of lactase deficiency of 72.3 ％.42 cases had lactose intolerance symptoms,and the incidence of lactose intolerance was 27.3 ％ (42/154).Age and positive family history in lactase deficient group were higher than non-lactase deficient group (10.3 ±6.4 d vs.8.1 ±5.8 d and 23.4％ vs.10.2％),while the gestational age of lactase deficient group was lower than non-lactase deficient group (37.8 ±2.9 weeks vs.39.0 ± 1.7 weeks),and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).No significant differences existed in gender,birth weight,antibiotics use and feeding volumes between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR =1.065,95％CI 1.007 ～ 1.127) and positive family history (OR =2.912,95％ CI 1.053 ～ 8.056) were the risk factors of lactase deficiency.Gestational age (OR =0.747,95％ CI 0.617 ～ 0.904) was the protective factor of lactase deficiency in newborns.Conclusion The incidence of lactase deficiency in newborns is high,but not all the newborns manifest lactose intolerance symptoms.Age and positive family history were the risk factors while gestational age was the protective factor for lactase deficiency in newborns.

Objective:To explore the association between CYP2D6 gene polymorphism of cytochrome and clinical response to atomoxetinein children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Methods:Totally 111 Han Chinese boys meeting criteria for ADHD in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edi-tion (DSM-IV)were recruited.Atomoxetine treatment was given in titrated doses in order to achieve optimal re-sponse.Behavior changes were measured with the ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS)at baseline and after optimal doses were reached.The decrease of ADHD-RS scores were primary measures of the treatment effect,the scores of the items in the ADHD-RS was less than or equal to 1 for the remission criteria.The three SNPs of CYP2D6 genes(rs1080985,rs1065852,rs16947)were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results:There was no asso-ciation between single polymorphisms andatomoxetine after adjusting for baseline rating scores (P >0.05).In con-trast,haplotype analysis revealed that some patients with GAC haplotype achieved significant remission [remission vs.non-remission haplotype frequency (rate):5 /56 (8.9%)vs.3 /164(1.8%),P <0.05 ].After multiple testing correction still existed significant trend(P =0.082)and also found correlation trends after correlation analysis be-tween GAC haplotype and clinical response to atomoxetine (P =0.078),8 patients with GAC haplotype carriers were all effective response to treatment,non-responders without this haplotype.Conclusion:These results suggest association between polymorphisms of CYP2D6 gene and ADHD better clinical improvement with atomoxetine treatment,it is worth further exploration in a large sample.

Objective To analyze the growth and development condition of the children with cerebral palsy,and to investigate the influence of puberty on their adult height.Methods 56 children with cerebral palsy were selected as research subjects.34 healthy children were selected as control group.Their height and weight were measured,the development condition of their sexual character was checked,and then standard deviation of height and weight,height age and bone age were calculated,adult height and target height were predicted and analyzed.Results The standard deviation of height and weight in cerebral palsy group was (-1.29 ± 1.39) and (-0.77 ±1.20) respectively,which was lower than that of the normal control group[(0.40 ±0.95),(0.38 ± 1.01)] (t =-6.270,-4.6 7 6,all P ＜ 0.0 5).In preadolescent cerebral palsy group,the chronobiological age was bigger than their height age and bone age,the difference was significant (t =6.381,7.939,all P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between height age and bone age (P ＞ 0.05),there existed no significant difference between predicted adult height and target height(P ＞ 0.05).In adolescem cerebral palsy group,the chronobiological age and bone age were larger than their height age,which indicated significant difference (t =3.438,-3.759,all P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the chronobiological age and bone age (P ＞ 0.05),the predicted adult height was lower than target height,the difference was significant (t =-5.204,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The growth and development of children with cerebral palsy would usually fall behind the normal children,but showed similarity in terms of starting age and process of puberty.After puberty,their bone age would increase dramatically,their predicted adult height would fall behind target height distinctly.