OBJECTIVE: To develop an artificial intelligence-assisted system for the automatic detection of the features of common 21 auricular points based on the YOLOv8 neural network. METHODS: A total of 660 human auricular images from three research centers were collected from June 2019 to February 2024. The rectangle boxes and features of images were annotated using the LabelMe5.3.1 tool and converted them into a format compatible with the YOLO model. Using these data, transfer learning and fine-tuning training were conducted on different scales of pretrained YOLO neural network models. The model's performance was evaluated on validation and test sets, including the mean average precision (mAP) at various thresholds, recall rate (recall), frames per second (FPS) and confusion matrices. Finally, the model was deployed on a local computer, and the real-time detection of human auricular images was conducted using a camera. RESULTS: Five different versions of the YOLOv8 key-point detection model were developed, including YOLOv8n, YOLOv8s, YOLOv8m, YOLOv8l, and YOLOv8x. On the validation set, YOLOv8n showed the best performance in terms of speed (225.736 frames per second) and precision (0.998). On the external test set, YOLOv8n achieved the accuracy of 0.991, the sensitivity of 1.0, and the F1 score of 0.995. The localization performance of auricular point features showed the average accuracy of 0.990, the precision of 0.995, and the recall of 0.997 under 50% intersection ration (mAP⁵⁰). CONCLUSION The key-point detection model of 21 common auricular points based on YOLOv8n exhibits the excellent predictive performance, which is capable of rapidly and automatically locating and classifying auricular points.
Humans ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Artificial Intelligence ; Acupuncture Points

AIM:To investigate the mechanism of action of Tamarix chinensis Lour.on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)through network pharmacology,molecular docking and ex-perimental validation.METHODS:Using the TCSMP database and Swiss Target Prediction tools screen the active components and predict potential tar-gets in Tamarix chinensis Lour..Retrieving potential disease targets associated with T2DM from data-bases such as GeneCards,OMIM,and DisGeNET.The intersection targets of Tamarix chinensis Lour.and T2DM disease was obtained through Venny platform.The STRING database was used to con-structed PPI network,and Cytoscape 3.8.0 soft-ware was use to visualized.GO function enrich-ment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed through the Metascape database.Dock-ing of important target proteins and compounds was carried out by AutoDock software.SPF grade male rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,MET group(88.5 mg/kg),TE high-dose(800 mg/kg)group,TE medium-dose(400 mg/kg)group and TE low-dose(200 mg/kg)group(n=10).High-fat and high sugar feed com-bined with low dose STZ(45 mg/kg)was used to in-duce T2DM rat model,and the rats were adminis-tered orally for 5 weeks.Fasting blood glucose(FBG),insulin(FINS)level and HOMA-IR index,bio-chemical indicators[superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)and inflammatory factor[interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),vascu-lar cell adhesion molecular(VCAM-1)levels of the rats were also observed;morphological changes of renal tissue was observe by HE staining.RESULTS:Based on the screening conditions of oral bioavail-ability(OB)≥ 30％and drug like properties(DL)≥0.18,a total of 19 main active ingredients with po-tential therapeutic effects on T2DM were screened from Tamarix chinensis Lour.,including ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-3,7,16-triol,quercetin-3,3'-dimethyl ether,kaempferol,quercetin,and others.By analyz-ing the potential targets of Tamarix chinensis Lour.for treating T2DM,a total of 185 potential target genes were screened,including SRC,EGFR,HSP90AA1,AKT1,ESR1,H1F1A,TNF,PIK3R1,etc,in-volving cancer signaling pathways,insulin resis-tance,MAPK signaling pathways,PI3K Akt signaling pathways,etc.Molecular docking results showed that the binding energies were all less than-5.0 kcal/mol,indicating that a strong binding abili-ty between the active ingredients screened by Tam-arix chinensis Lour.and the potential targets for the treatment of T2DM.The animal experiment re-sults showed that compared with the model group,the weight loss of rats in the MET and TE groups was slowed down,and the levels of FBG,FINS,MDA,HbA1c,IL-1β,TNF-α,VCAM-1,HOMA-IR in-dex were reduced,the SOD level was increased,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),Renal tissue cellular morphology also showed notable improvement.Most importantly,all these results demonstrating dose-dependent ef-fects.CONCLUSION:Tamarix chinensis Lour.dis-plays a significant therapeutic effect on T2DM through multi-component,multi-target,and multi-pathway synergistic actions to improve blood glu-cose levels.The findings of this study provide a the-oretical basis for the clinical application of Tamarix chinensis Lour.in the treatment of T2DM.

AIM:To investigate the mechanism of action of Tamarix chinensis Lour.on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)through network pharmacology,molecular docking and ex-perimental validation.METHODS:Using the TCSMP database and Swiss Target Prediction tools screen the active components and predict potential tar-gets in Tamarix chinensis Lour..Retrieving potential disease targets associated with T2DM from data-bases such as GeneCards,OMIM,and DisGeNET.The intersection targets of Tamarix chinensis Lour.and T2DM disease was obtained through Venny platform.The STRING database was used to con-structed PPI network,and Cytoscape 3.8.0 soft-ware was use to visualized.GO function enrich-ment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed through the Metascape database.Dock-ing of important target proteins and compounds was carried out by AutoDock software.SPF grade male rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,MET group(88.5 mg/kg),TE high-dose(800 mg/kg)group,TE medium-dose(400 mg/kg)group and TE low-dose(200 mg/kg)group(n=10).High-fat and high sugar feed com-bined with low dose STZ(45 mg/kg)was used to in-duce T2DM rat model,and the rats were adminis-tered orally for 5 weeks.Fasting blood glucose(FBG),insulin(FINS)level and HOMA-IR index,bio-chemical indicators[superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)and inflammatory factor[interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),vascu-lar cell adhesion molecular(VCAM-1)levels of the rats were also observed;morphological changes of renal tissue was observe by HE staining.RESULTS:Based on the screening conditions of oral bioavail-ability(OB)≥ 30％and drug like properties(DL)≥0.18,a total of 19 main active ingredients with po-tential therapeutic effects on T2DM were screened from Tamarix chinensis Lour.,including ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-3,7,16-triol,quercetin-3,3'-dimethyl ether,kaempferol,quercetin,and others.By analyz-ing the potential targets of Tamarix chinensis Lour.for treating T2DM,a total of 185 potential target genes were screened,including SRC,EGFR,HSP90AA1,AKT1,ESR1,H1F1A,TNF,PIK3R1,etc,in-volving cancer signaling pathways,insulin resis-tance,MAPK signaling pathways,PI3K Akt signaling pathways,etc.Molecular docking results showed that the binding energies were all less than-5.0 kcal/mol,indicating that a strong binding abili-ty between the active ingredients screened by Tam-arix chinensis Lour.and the potential targets for the treatment of T2DM.The animal experiment re-sults showed that compared with the model group,the weight loss of rats in the MET and TE groups was slowed down,and the levels of FBG,FINS,MDA,HbA1c,IL-1β,TNF-α,VCAM-1,HOMA-IR in-dex were reduced,the SOD level was increased,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),Renal tissue cellular morphology also showed notable improvement.Most importantly,all these results demonstrating dose-dependent ef-fects.CONCLUSION:Tamarix chinensis Lour.dis-plays a significant therapeutic effect on T2DM through multi-component,multi-target,and multi-pathway synergistic actions to improve blood glu-cose levels.The findings of this study provide a the-oretical basis for the clinical application of Tamarix chinensis Lour.in the treatment of T2DM.

Clinically, it is challenging to differentiate Crohn's disease (CD) from abdominal actinomycosis due to their similar symptoms. However, cases of CD with secondary actinomycosis infection are rare. This article systematically reviews the diagnosis and treatment process of a patient with CD complicated by secondary actinomycosis infection at the Air Force Medical University Xijing Digestive Disease Hospital, to provide ideas and experience for future clinical diagnosis and treatment.

With the change of lifestyle,the obese population is gradually increasing,and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is increasing year by year,while the age of onset is declining year by year.Diabetic retinopathy(DR),as one of the common complications of T2DM,has a serious impact on the quality of life of patients.At present,there is no way to predict and completely stop the progression of DR.Studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation can effectively alleviate DR in vitamin D deficiency patients,which is expected to become a new idea and method to predict and treat DR.This article-reviews the role of vitamin D in the occurrence and development of DR,as well as its therapeutic effect and mechanism on DR,in order to provide a basis for the application of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and treatment of DR.

Objective To investigate the evaluation of the nursing staff of the tertiary hospitals in Shenzhen City on the status quo of the nursing clinical support system,and to analyze its influencing factors so as to provide reference and basis for perfecting the nursing clinical support system.Methods The nursing staffs in 16 hospitals of 8 districts of Shenzhen City from December 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the survey subjects,and the general data questionnaire and the nursing clinical support system questionnaire were used for conducting the survey.Results A total of 572 questionnaires were collected,and 520 questionnaires were valid,with an effective recovery rate of 90.9％.The scores of each dimension in the nursing clinical sup-port system scale were(1.87±0.81)points for equipment and appliance support,(1.07±0.62)points for aux-iliary staff support,(1.91±0.80)points for the logistics departments support,(0.88±0.67)points for the auxiliary departments support.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistical differences in the equipment and appliance support scores among the nurses with different ages,different professional ti-tles and different education levels(P＜0.01);the scores of 4 dimensions had statistical differences among the nursing staffs with different departments(P＜0.01).All factors had statistically significant differences in the dimension of auxiliary department support(P＜0.05).Conclusion The popularity degree of nursing clinical support system in tertiary hospitals in Shenzhen City is high,and equipment and appliance show the character-istics of advancement and diversity.The hospital managers should strengthen the force of nursing clinical sup-port system and reduce the nursing staff to engage in non-nursing work.

Objective:To evaluate the application status of wearable smart devices in domestic and foreign medical fields through visual analysis.Method:With “smart wearable device” “wearable smart device” “Smart wearable device” and “wearable smart devices” as search terms, literatures on the application status of wearable intelligent devices in the medical field at home and abroad in the core collection of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed and Web of Science databases were retrieved from the establishment of the databases to April 30, 2023. The software CiteSpace was used for bibliometric analysis, including publication trend, institutional cooperation network, publication journal distribution analysis, keyword co-occurrence, clustering and emergence analysis, as well as publication journal and literature co-citation analysis.Results:A total of 121 valid Chinese literatures and 289 English literatures were obtained. Domestic and foreign research began in 2013 and 2004, respectively, and the overall number of published papers showed an upward trend. The top 3 institutions of publication in China were Chinese Academy of Sciences (13 articles), Union Hospital Affiliated to Huazhong University of Science and Technology (11 articles), and West China Nursing College of Sichuan University (10 articles). The top 3 institutions in the number of foreign publications were Harvard University (13 articles), the University of California (14 articles), and the University of London (5 articles). The top 3 Chinese journals in terms of publication volume were Nursing Research, Journal of Nursing Science and Chinese Journal of Nursing, with 38 publications, accounted for 31.4% of the total publications. The top 3 foreign journals in terms of publication volume are Sensors, IEEE Access and Applied Sciences-Basel, with a total of 39 publications, accounted for 13.5% of the total publications. A total of 8 Chinese keyword clusters and 10 English keyword clusters were formed. The top 5 categories were “senior citizens” “artificial intelligence” “mobile medical” “extended care” “nursing” and “wearable electronics” “sensor” “deep learning” “mobile health” and “big data”; there were 9 emergent words in Chinese and 10 emergent words in English. The top 5 were “wearable” “internet of things” “review literature” “big data” “smart watch” and “care” “activity recognition” “wearable sensors” “system” and “accelerometer”. The journal with the highest total citation frequency was Sensors, and the journal with the highest total citation center was Biosens. Bioelectron.. There were 2 literatures with a total citation frequency of 11-20 times, and 10 literatures with a frequency of 5-10 times. Conclusions:The research popularity of wearable smart devices in the medical field is generally increasing, and the quantity and quality of English papers are higher than those of Chinese. At present, mobile health is mainly used in the fields of physical signs monitoring, pain assessment, rehabilitation and exercise. Mobile health is a common research hotspot at home and abroad.

Clinically, it is challenging to differentiate Crohn's disease (CD) from abdominal actinomycosis due to their similar symptoms. However, cases of CD with secondary actinomycosis infection are rare. This article systematically reviews the diagnosis and treatment process of a patient with CD complicated by secondary actinomycosis infection at the Air Force Medical University Xijing Digestive Disease Hospital, to provide ideas and experience for future clinical diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for simultaneous determination of zeaxanthin ，β-carotene，β-cryptoxanthin palmitate and zeaxanthin dipalmitate in Lycium barbarum . METHODS L. barbarum was extracted with n-hexane-anhydrous ethanol-acetone-toluene（10∶6∶7∶7，V/V/V/V）by ultrasonic method. High performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）method was adopted. The determination was performed on YMC C 30 column with mobile phase A consisted of methanol-acetonitrile-water （81∶ 14 ∶ 5，V/V/V）and mobile phase B consisted of dichloromethane （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 20 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 450 nm，and sample size was 20 μL. Using zeaxanthin as control，the relative correction factors （RCFs）of β-carotene，β-cryptoxanthin palmitate and zeaxanthin dipalmitate were calculated ， and then the content of each component was calculated according to RCFs and compared with the results of external standard method（ESM）. RESULTS The linear range of zeaxanthin ，β-carotene，β-cryptoxanthin palmitate and zeaxanthin dipalmitate were 0.119 4-2.983 8，0.121 7-1.521 6，0.285 9-5.718 8，8.460 5-211.513 3 μg/mL（all R2＞0.999）. RSDs of precision ，repeatability and stability（16 h）tests were all less than 4％. The average recoveries were 103.34％，107.37％，105.64％，96.16％（RSD＜5％，n＝ 9）. The average RCFs of β-carotene，β-cryptoxanthin palmitate and zeaxanthin dipalmitate were 1.109，1.390，1.158. The relative errors of the content determination results by quantitative analysis of multi-components by singer marker （QAMS）and ESM were within ±1％. CONCLUSIONS The established HPLC-QAMS method is accurate and stable ，which can be used for the content determination and quality control of 4 carotenoids in L. barbarum .

Objective:To explore the application situation and hotspots of the Q method in the field of nursing research and provide a reference for the nursing workers in China to learn and apply the Q method.Methods:Literature retrieval was conducted based on Web of Science, and statistical analysis was conducted on the number of articles published, countries, journals, institutions, authors, highly cited papers, research directions and high-frequency co-occurrence words by using the analysis function of Web of Science and visual imaging of VOSviewer.Results:A total of 686 authors from 25 countries and 23 institutions published 326 papers in 157 journals applying the Q method in nursing research, showing an overall increasing trend. South Korea (12.27%) , the United States (7.98%) , the United Kingdom (7.06%) ranked the highest number of articles published, and China ranked the sixth (3.68%) The number of citations per article was the highest in the United Kingdom (33.78 times) , followed by Canada (19.67 times) . Psychology and health care were the most interdisciplinary subjects. The research hotspots expanded from methodological discussions to nursing education, clinical practice, psychological nursing and health promotion.Conclusions:Q method is still in its infancy in the field of nursing in China and has not been widely promoted and practiced. China's publication volume and influence are relatively weak. In the future, international exchanges and cooperation should be expanded and academic frontiers and research hotspots should be grasped to improve the level and quality of research.