Objective To investigate the distribution of A subgroups in the A and AB blood type populations among voluntary blood donors in Zhongshan,study the antigen-antibody characteristics of A subgroups,establish a local A subgroup database,and support the development of precision medicine.Methods ABO subgroup screening was performed using the microplate method.Specimens negative for monoclonal anti-A1 reactivity underwent sequencing of exons 1～7 of the ABO gene to confirm genotypes.Cryopreservation and thawing of glycerolized subgroup red blood cells(RBCs),as well as preservation efficacy of concentrated human-derived antibodies with preservatives,were studied.Results Among 1 212 blood donor specimens,28 subgroup specimens were identified,with a prevalence of 1.54%(15/971)in blood type A and 5.39%(13/241)in blood type AB.Sequencing of 10 specimens revealed 7 ABO genotypes:ABO*A2.01/O.01.02(2 cases),ABO*A1.02/B.01(3 cases),ABO*BA.02/O.01.02,ABO*AW.31.02-05/A2.05,ABO*A2.05/B.01,ABO*A2new/O.01.01,and ABO*A1.02/O.01.01(1 case each).Additionally,one rare allele mutation(c.700C>G)and one novel allele mutation(c.203G>T)(GenBank accession number:PQ152337)were identified.Human anti-A1 antibodies with a titer of 8 were successfully concentrated.Optimal preservation conditions included 0.1%preservative concentration and cryopreserved subgroup RBCs stored at 4℃for 3 days post-thaw.Conclusion The predominant A subgroups in Zhongshan donors are A2 and B(A).A preliminary database for A2 and A2B subgroups is established,along with the discovery of a novel ABO allele mutation.Cryopreservation with glycerol,PEG antibody concentration,and ProClin 300 preservative demonstrate effective applications in preserving ABO blood group antigens and antibodies.

Objective:To construct a risk prediction model for malnutrition in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and develop an online calculator to predict individual risk values.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to select 386 lung cancer patients admitted to the Department of Medical Oncology at the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in Beijing from October 2022 to March 2023 as research subjects. They were divided into a well-nourished group and a malnourished group based on the presence or absence of malnutrition. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of malnutrition in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The nomogram of the risk prediction model was drawn and the online calculator was developed using R Studio 4.3.2 software. The model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, specificity, Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, and decision curve analysis.Results:Among the 372 lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, there were 237 males and 135 females, with 147 in the well-nourished group and 225 in the malnourished group. The incidence rate of malnutrition was 60.48%. Age 60 - 70 years [ OR(95% CI) = 1.74(1.03 - 2.93)], body mass index > 24.0 kg/m 2 [ OR(95% CI) = 0.58(0.36 - 0.93)], regular exercise [ OR(95% CI) = 0.53(0.33 - 0.85)], physical frailty [pre-frailty: OR(95% CI) = 2.74(1.61 - 4.65); frailty syndrome: OR(95% CI) = 2.67(1.37 - 5.22)], insomnia [ OR(95% CI) = 2.81(1.59 - 4.94)], and sarcopenia [ OR(95% CI) = 4.09(1.32 - 12.70)] were identified as independent influencing factors for malnutrition in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (all P<0.05). The area under the curve of the constructed prediction model was 0.76, with a sensitivity of 72%, specificity of 72%, a Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test P value of 0.594, and a mean absolute error of 0.018. Conclusions:The risk prediction model and online calculator for malnutrition in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy constructed in this study demonstrated good performance, providing a reference for precise nutritional intervention and early screening in clinical practice.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of perineal massage during pregnancy, when combined with Kegel exercises, on preventing perineal injury, and to provide a basis for offering safer and more effective delivery intervention measures for expectant mothers.Methods:Randomized controlled trials on perineal massage combined with Kegel exercises for preventing perineal injury were retrieved from databases such as CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database, CBM database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, from their inception to December 28, 2024. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 15 articles were included, involving 2 393 research subjects. The results of the Meta-analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the first stage of labor ( MD = - 1.63, 95% CI - 1.93 - - 1.30, P<0.001), the second stage of labor ( MD = - 32.58, 95% CI - 42.26 - - 22.90, P<0.01), and the third stage of labor time ( MD = - 3.41, 95% CI - 9.91 - - 2.91, P<0.001); the degree of perineal laceration Ⅱ ( OR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.28 - 0.58, P<0.001), Ⅲ( OR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.24 - 0.60, P<0.001), and Ⅳ( OR = 0.13, 95% CI 0.03 - 0.51, P = 0.003); the rate of perineal incision ( OR = 0.15, 95% CI 0.07 - 0.34, P<0.001), the rate of perineal laceration ( OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.25 - 0.46, P<0.001), the rate of intact perineum ( OR = 6.30, 95% CI 3.20 - 12.40, P<0.001), and the amount of perineal bleeding ( MD = - 29.72, 95% CI - 43.51 - - 15.93, P<0.001), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions:Prenatal perineal massage combined with Kegel exercises is a safe, effective and easily implementable intervention method. It is highly effective in preventing perineal injuries and shortening the duration of labor. It not only reduces the risk of postpartum complications but also helps to optimize the delivery experience. Therefore, this combined intervention method can be regarded as one of the important measures for preventing perineal injuries and should be widely promoted in clinical practice.

Objective:To explore the effect of self-compassion-based writing on prosocial behavior in college students with different self-construals.Methods:A total of 182 college students were recruited,and the Self-Con-structional Scales were used to determine the self-construal types(independent or interdependent).Participants were then assigned to either a self-compassion-based writing group(n=91)or a non-self-compassion daily writing group(n=91)and completed writing tasks according to the respective instructions.Prosocial behavior was evaluated with the Prosocial Tendencies Measure(PTM),situational judgment tests,and donation amounts.Results:The evaluation results from the PTM showed that prosocial behavior was significantly higher in individuals with interdependent self-construal compared to those with independent self-construal(P＜0.001),the main effect of the group type was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The evaluation results from situational judgment tests showed that prosocial behavior was significantly higher in individuals with interdependent self-construal compared to those with independ-ent self-construal(P＜0.001),the self-compassion-based writing group demonstrated significantly more prosocial behavior than the non-self-compassion daily writing group(P＜0.05).The evaluation results from donation a-mounts showed that the main effect of self-construal type was not statistically significant(P＞0.05),the self-com-passion-based writing group demonstrated significantly more prosocial behavior than the non-self-compassion daily writing group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Compared to daily writing,self-compassion-based writing could effectively increase prosocial behavior in college students,regardless of their self-construal type.

Objective:To evaluate the role of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase (HO-1) signaling pathway in the attenuation of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI) by hydromorphone and the relationship with Golgi apparatus stress (GA stress) in mice.Methods:Eighteen SPF wild-type (WT) and 18 Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2 KO) male C57BL/6J mice, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 18-20 g, were divided into 3 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: control groups (WT+ Con group, Nrf2 KO+ Con group), ALI groups (WT+ ALI group, Nrf2 KO+ ALI group) and ALI+ hydromorphone groups (WT+ ALI+ HM group, Nrf2 KO+ ALI+ HM group). ALI was induced by injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 15 mg/kg via the tail vein in anesthetized animals. Hydromorphone 120 μg was intraperitoneally injected at 15 min before LPS injection in WT+ ALI+ HM group and Nrf2 KO+ ALI+ HM group, and the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in control groups. The animals were sacrificed after anesthesia at 12 h after LPS injection, and lung tissues were obtained for examination of the pathological changes which were scored and Golgi ultrastructure (with a transmission electron microscope) and for determination of the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and Golgi stress-related markers (Golgi matrix protein 130 [GM130], Golgi autoantigen 97 kDa [Golgin-97], ATPase secretory pathway Ca 2+ Transporting 1 [ATP2C1], Golgi phosphoprotein 3 [GOLPH3]) (by Western blot). Results:Compared with WT+ Con group and Nrf2 KO+ Con group, the lung injury scores and content of MDA were significantly increased, the activity of SOD was decreased, the expression of GM130, Golgin-97 and ATP2C1 was down-regulated, the expression of GOLPH3 was up-regulated ( P<0.05), no significant changes were found in the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 ( P>0.05), and the damage to the Golgi apparatus was aggravated in WT+ ALI group and Nrf2 KO+ ALI group. Compared with WT+ ALI group, the lung injury scores and content of MDA were significantly decreased, the activity of SOD was increased, the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, GM130, Golgin-97 and ATP2C1 was up-regulated, the expression of GOLPH3 was down-regulated ( P<0.05), and the damage to the Golgi apparatus was significantly attenuated in WT+ ALI+ HM group. Compared with Nrf2 KO+ ALI group, the lung injury scores were significantly decreased, and the activity of SOD was increased ( P<0.05), no significant changes were found in the content of MDA and expression of Nrf2, HO-1, GM130, Golgin-97, ATP2C1 and GOLPH3 ( P>0.05), and no significant reduction in the damage to the Golgi apparatus was found in Nrf2 KO+ ALI+ HM group. Compared with WT+ ALI+ HM group, the lung injury scores and content of MDA were significantly increased, the activity of SOD was decreased, the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, GM130, Golgin-97 and ATP2C1 was down-regulated, the expression of GOLPH3 was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and the damage to the Golgi apparatus was aggravated in Nrf2 KO+ ALI+ HM group. Conclusions:Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway is involved in the attenuation of endotoxin-induced ALI by hydromorphone, and it is associated with the inhibition of Golgi stress.

Objective To investigate the distribution of A subgroups in the A and AB blood type populations among voluntary blood donors in Zhongshan,study the antigen-antibody characteristics of A subgroups,establish a local A subgroup database,and support the development of precision medicine.Methods ABO subgroup screening was performed using the microplate method.Specimens negative for monoclonal anti-A1 reactivity underwent sequencing of exons 1～7 of the ABO gene to confirm genotypes.Cryopreservation and thawing of glycerolized subgroup red blood cells(RBCs),as well as preservation efficacy of concentrated human-derived antibodies with preservatives,were studied.Results Among 1 212 blood donor specimens,28 subgroup specimens were identified,with a prevalence of 1.54%(15/971)in blood type A and 5.39%(13/241)in blood type AB.Sequencing of 10 specimens revealed 7 ABO genotypes:ABO*A2.01/O.01.02(2 cases),ABO*A1.02/B.01(3 cases),ABO*BA.02/O.01.02,ABO*AW.31.02-05/A2.05,ABO*A2.05/B.01,ABO*A2new/O.01.01,and ABO*A1.02/O.01.01(1 case each).Additionally,one rare allele mutation(c.700C>G)and one novel allele mutation(c.203G>T)(GenBank accession number:PQ152337)were identified.Human anti-A1 antibodies with a titer of 8 were successfully concentrated.Optimal preservation conditions included 0.1%preservative concentration and cryopreserved subgroup RBCs stored at 4℃for 3 days post-thaw.Conclusion The predominant A subgroups in Zhongshan donors are A2 and B(A).A preliminary database for A2 and A2B subgroups is established,along with the discovery of a novel ABO allele mutation.Cryopreservation with glycerol,PEG antibody concentration,and ProClin 300 preservative demonstrate effective applications in preserving ABO blood group antigens and antibodies.

We took the surface spike S protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus(TGEV)as the research object.Based on the Gram-positive enhancer matrix(GEM)-anchor protein(PA)display platform,two kinds of bacteria-like particles(BLPs)with surface-displayed TGEV DA and S1 were prepared using the insect cell-baculovirus expression system.The results showed that the lev-els of IL-4,IFN-γ,IgG,IgA,and sIgA induced by 50 μg BLP-DA were higher than those of the 25μg group.The levels of IL-4,IFN-γ,and sIgA induced by 50 μg BLP-S1 were higher than those of the 25 μg group,while the levels of IgG and IgA were lower than those of the 25 μg group.Under the same dose,when the dose was 25 μg,the levels of IFN-γ,IgG,IgA,and sIgA induced by BLP-S1 were higher than those of BLP-DA,while the level of IL-4 was lower than that of BLP-DA.When the dose was 50 μg,the level of IgG induced by BLP-DA was higher than that of BLP-S1,while the other indicators were lower than those of BLP-S1.Under different immunization routes,the levels of IgA and sIgA in the gavage group were higher than those in the intramuscular injec-tion group,and the levels of some cytokines were significantly higher in the gavage group than in the intramuscular injection group at specific time points,but there was no significant difference in the levels of IgG antibodies.In conclusion,the two types of TGEV BLPs constructed in this study both have good immunogenicity and can induce cellular and humoral immunity in mice.When the immunization doses are the same,the immunogenicity of BLP-S1 is better than that of BLP-DA.

Objective:To explore the effect of self-compassion-based writing on prosocial behavior in college students with different self-construals.Methods:A total of 182 college students were recruited,and the Self-Con-structional Scales were used to determine the self-construal types(independent or interdependent).Participants were then assigned to either a self-compassion-based writing group(n=91)or a non-self-compassion daily writing group(n=91)and completed writing tasks according to the respective instructions.Prosocial behavior was evaluated with the Prosocial Tendencies Measure(PTM),situational judgment tests,and donation amounts.Results:The evaluation results from the PTM showed that prosocial behavior was significantly higher in individuals with interdependent self-construal compared to those with independent self-construal(P＜0.001),the main effect of the group type was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The evaluation results from situational judgment tests showed that prosocial behavior was significantly higher in individuals with interdependent self-construal compared to those with independ-ent self-construal(P＜0.001),the self-compassion-based writing group demonstrated significantly more prosocial behavior than the non-self-compassion daily writing group(P＜0.05).The evaluation results from donation a-mounts showed that the main effect of self-construal type was not statistically significant(P＞0.05),the self-com-passion-based writing group demonstrated significantly more prosocial behavior than the non-self-compassion daily writing group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Compared to daily writing,self-compassion-based writing could effectively increase prosocial behavior in college students,regardless of their self-construal type.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical process of fragment reattachment in crown-root fractures (CRF) of teeth that the fracture occurred between sub-gingival and supra-alveolar ridge (sub-gingival & supra-alveolar ridge) in the esthetic zone, and to analyze the feasibility of this minimally invasive technique for sub-gingival & supra-alveolar ridge CRF involving anterior teeth.Methods:Fourteen sub-gingival & supra-alveolar ridge CRF involving anterior teeth in 12 patients received fragment reattachment in the Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University from January 2016 to August 2024. The success rate of the fractured teeth 3 years after reattachment and the complications during the follow-up period were retrospectively analyzed. The 3-year success rate and complications during follow-up were evaluated to assess the clinical efficacy of this technique.Results:The 14 treated teeth were followed for an average of (36.0±33.7) months (range: 4-99 months). Complications occurred in 2 teeth: one was extracted due to debonding and replaced with a removable partial denture, while the other developed a palatal sinus post-reattachment, which healed after local saline irrigation and medication (followed for 12 months without recurrence). The remaining 12 teeth exhibited no complications, resulting in a success rate of 13/14.Conclusions:Fragment reattachment is a minimally invasive, rapid, and cost-effective treatment option for sub-gingival & supra-alveolar ridge CRF in the anterior esthetic zone. With strict case selection, it delivers favorable outcomes and extends the clinical lifespan of affected teeth.

Objective:To investigate the effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in assisting neonates with complex congenital heart diseases (CHD) and the survival rate of the patients.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was made on 22 newborns with complex CHD assisted by ECMO during the perioperative period in Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital from January 2018 to June 2024.There were 19 males and 3 females in the newborns included, with an average age of (10.4±8.7) days (range: 1-26 days) and an average weight of (3.1±0.3) kg.Complex CHD included total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in 9 cases (40.9%), interrupted aortic arch and coarctation in 8 cases (36.4%), transposition of great arteries in 3 cases (13.6%), double outlet right ventricle in 1 case (4.5%) and cardiac tumor in 1 case (4.5%).The patients were divided into the <5 d group, 5-12 d group, and >12 d group according to the duration of ECMO support.Data were compared using the t-test or χ2 test. Results:There were 8 cases (36.4%) successfully weaned from ECMO support and 6 cases (27.3%) survived.ECMO support was used routinely in 15 cases (68.2%), and for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in 7 cases (31.8%).The duration of ECMO support was (5.9±3.7) days.There were no statistically differences in age, weight, gender, disease composition, operation time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, cross-clamp time, assistant time, blood routine, liver and kidney function and other biochemical indicators, preoperative cardiac ejection fraction value, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and other infection indicators between the death group and the survival group (all P>0.05).The highest lactate values 24 hours before [(8.1±5.4) mmol/L] and after ECMO support [(10.5±7.1) mmol/L] in the survival group were significantly lower than those in the death group [(18.7±9.2) mmol/L, (21.3±8.6) mmol/L] ( t=2.606, P=0.018; t=2.729, P=0.013).It was found that the survival rate was 0/9 (0) in the <5 d group, 6/12 (50.0%) in the 5-12 d group, and 0/1 (0) in the >12 d group.The survival rate of the 5-12 d group was the highest, which was significantly higher than that of the <5 d group ( χ2=6.300, P=0.012). Conclusions:ECMO support is an effective treatment for severe circulatory failure in neonates with complex CHD in the perioperative period.The highest lactate levels 24 hours before and after ECMO support affect the survival rate.Patients receiving 5-12 d ECMO support can achieve the highest survival rate.