Qingzao Jiufeitang is a famous classical formula for treating lung injury caused by warm and dryness， included in the Catalogue of Ancient Famous Classical Formulas（The First Batch）. By systematically organizing ancient and modern literature on this formula， this study analyzed and verified the origin， medicinal composition， original plants and processing， dosage and decoction method， efficacy and application of this formula. According to the research， Qingzao Jiufeitang was first recorded in Yimen Falyu in the Qing dynasty， and its creation was mainly inspired by the Ming dynasty physician MIAO Xiyong's idea of the moisturizing drugs with sweet flavour and cold nature. Based on the 2020 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China（hereinafter referred to as the Chinese Pharmacopoeia） and the textual research results of modern scholars on traditional Chinese herbal medicines， the botanical sources and processing methods of the herbs in this formula are basically clarified. Among them， Mori Folium， Gypsum Fibrosum， Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Sesami Semen Nigrum， Asini Corii Colla， Ophiopogonis Radix and Eriobotryae Folium are consistent with the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The primary source of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， family Leguminosae， while the primary source of Armeniacae Semen Amarum is the dried mature seeds of Prunus armeniaca， family Rosaceae. It is recommended to use Gypsum Ustum， stir-fried Sesami Semen Nigrum， stir-fried Armeniacae Semen Amarum， Asini Corii Colla bead， and honey-fried Eriobotryae Folium， and the rest of the raw products. According to the conversion of ancient and modern doses， the recommended dosages are 11.19 g for Mori Folium， 9.33 g for Gypsum Fibrosum， 3.73 g for Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， 2.61 g for Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， 3.73 g for Sesami Semen Nigrum， 4.48 g for Ophiopogonis Radix， 2.61 g for Armeniacae Semen Amarum， 3.73 g for Eriobotryae Folium. The decoction method is to add 300 mL of water， decoct it down to 180 mL， remove the residue， and then add 2.98 g of Asini Corii Colla into the decoction. Take it warm after meals， two to three times a day. Qingzao Jiufeitang has the effects of clearing dryness and moistening the lungs， nourishing Yin and invigorating Qi. In ancient times， it was mainly used to treat stagnation and depression of various Qi， as well as paralysis， asthma and vomiting. In modern clinical practice， it is mostly used to treat diseases in respiratory system， otolaryngology， skin system and digestive system caused by warm-dry impairing lung， deficiency of both Qi and Yin. The above research results can provide a reference for the later development of Qingzao Jiufeitang.

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of topical application of Modified Sanhuang Powder （加味三黄散， MSP） combined with cold compression versus cold compression alone on swelling and pain after knee arthroscopy through a retrospective cohort study. MethodsMedical records of 134 patients with knee arthroscopy-induced knee swelling and pain were divided into non-exposure group （51 cases） and exposure group （83 cases） based on whether they used MSP for external application after surgery. The non-exposure group received simple cold compression therapy in addition to functional exercise and routine treatment after surgery， while the exposure group received topical MSP on the basis of what were given in the non-exposure group. The Visual Analog Scale （VAS） scores were compared between the two groups before and 7 days after treatment， and knee swelling measurements were taken before and 3， 5， and 7 days after treatment. The clinical effective rate was compared between the two groups. ResultsThe VAS scores in both groups were lower after treatment （P＜0.05）， and the exposure group had lower scores than the non-exposure group （P＜0.05）. On the 3rd， 5th， and 7th days of treatment， the scores on swelling at 2 cm above the superior pole of the patella， at the midline of the patella， and 5 cm below the inferior pole of the patella significantly decreased after treatment in both groups （P＜0.05）， and the exposure group had lower scores than the non-exposure group （P＜0.05）. The total clinical effective rate in the exposure group was 91.56% （76/83）， which was higher than 78.43% （40/51） in the non-exposure group （P＜0.05）. ConclusionTopical application of MSP combined with cold compression is effective in relieving postoperative swelling and pain after knee arthroscopy and is superior to cold compress alone.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between dosimetric parameters and tumor volume change after 125I implantation for thyroid cancer and obtain better dosimetric parameters that predict the curative effect more accurately. Methods:A total of 22 consecutive patients with thyroid cancer (23 targets) who received 125I interstitial brachytherapy in Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients received post-operative dose verification, and the D 90 (Minimum dose received by 90% target volume) was calculated. After a regular follow-up, the tumor volume reduction ratio after t months (R t) , actual absorbed dose (D 1m) , efficacy corrected absorbed dose (D 1e) , and sensitivity corrected absorbed dose (D 1s) of the first month were calculated according to the actual follow-up CT images. The statistical test was carried out by SPSS21.0. The Spearman linear analysis was applied to analyze the relationship between D 90, D 1m, D 1e, D 1s and R t, and the curve fitting was also completed. Results:The post-operative D 90, D 1m, D 1e, D 1s and R t were (129.73±14.22) Gy, (36.95±7.35) Gy, (43.45±11.32) Gy, (41.78±13.39) Gy, and (32.00±19.00) %, respectively. And the correlation coefficient were 0.692, 0.551, 0.728, and 0.858, respectively, which showed significant positive relevance between dosimetric parameters and tumor volume change ( P<0.01) , the curve fitting presented cubic function. Conclusion:The post-operative D 90, D 1m, D 1e, and D 1s can be predictors for curative effect, and D 1s is the best predictor.

BACKGROUND: Degeneration of the annulus fibrosus (AF), an important structure of the intervertebral disc, is one of the main causes of degenerative disc disease. Fabrication of scaffolds replicating the stratified microstructure of the AF is critical for the successful regeneration of AF. METHODS: In this study, we cultured rabbit AF-derived stem cells (AFSCs) using fabricated electrospun fibrous poly-Llactic acid scaffolds with different diameters. We applied cyclic tensile strain (CTS) on the scaffolds to regulate the differentiation of AFSCs into specific cell types that resided at the inner, middle, and outer zones of the AF. RESULTS: We found that the morphologies of AFSCs on the smaller-fiber-diameter scaffolds were nearly round, whereas spindle-like cells morphologies were observed on large-diameter scaffolds. CTS enhanced these phenomena and made the cells slender. The expression levels of collagen-I in cells increased as a function of the fiber diameter, whereas collagen-II and aggrecan exhibited opposite trends. Moreover, the application of CTS upregulated the gene expressions of collagen-I, collagen-II, and aggrecan. CONCLUSION Overlaying the scaffolds with different CTS-stimulated cells could eventually lead to engineered AF tissues with hierarchical structures that approximated the native AF tissue. Thus, the proposed methodologies could be potentially applied for AF regeneration.

BACKGROUND: Degeneration of the annulus fibrosus (AF), an important structure of the intervertebral disc, is one of the main causes of degenerative disc disease. Fabrication of scaffolds replicating the stratified microstructure of the AF is critical for the successful regeneration of AF. METHODS: In this study, we cultured rabbit AF-derived stem cells (AFSCs) using fabricated electrospun fibrous poly-Llactic acid scaffolds with different diameters. We applied cyclic tensile strain (CTS) on the scaffolds to regulate the differentiation of AFSCs into specific cell types that resided at the inner, middle, and outer zones of the AF. RESULTS: We found that the morphologies of AFSCs on the smaller-fiber-diameter scaffolds were nearly round, whereas spindle-like cells morphologies were observed on large-diameter scaffolds. CTS enhanced these phenomena and made the cells slender. The expression levels of collagen-I in cells increased as a function of the fiber diameter, whereas collagen-II and aggrecan exhibited opposite trends. Moreover, the application of CTS upregulated the gene expressions of collagen-I, collagen-II, and aggrecan. CONCLUSION Overlaying the scaffolds with different CTS-stimulated cells could eventually lead to engineered AF tissues with hierarchical structures that approximated the native AF tissue. Thus, the proposed methodologies could be potentially applied for AF regeneration.

The cingulate gyrus is an important part of the limbic system. According to anatomical position, it can be divided into anterior cingulate cortex, middle cingulate cortex and posterior cingulate cortex. The functional anatomy characteristics of cingulate gyrus are closely related to epilepsy symptoms of the cingulate. Therefore, the study summarizes the anatomical function, seizure symptoms and electrical stimulation results of cingulate gyrus, in order to provide help for the diagnosis of cingulate gyrus epilepsy.

Pneumoconiosis is an occupational disease which seriously endangers the health of workers exposed to dust. Silica is regarded as the most serious cause of pneumoconiosis because it can cause diffuse pulmonary fibrosis in workers' lung tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells with multiple differentiation potential. As member of extracellular vesicles family, exosomes can be secreted from MSCs to regulate and intervene tumorigenesis, cardiovascular disease, immune system disorder and tissue damage disease. This article reviews the experimental results in the field of intervention of MSCs and its exosomes in silicosis research in recent years, which plays an important role in indicating direction in the future research on the mechanism and function of MSCs exosomes in the therapy of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Pneumoconiosis is an occupational disease which seriously endangers the health of workers exposed to dust. Silica is regarded as the most serious cause of pneumoconiosis because it can cause diffuse pulmonary fibrosis in workers' lung tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells with multiple differentiation potential. As member of extracellular vesicles family, exosomes can be secreted from MSCs to regulate and intervene tumorigenesis, cardiovascular disease, immune system disorder and tissue damage disease. This article reviews the experimental results in the field of intervention of MSCs and its exosomes in silicosis research in recent years, which plays an important role in indicating direction in the future research on the mechanism and function of MSCs exosomes in the therapy of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of different length and diameters on the stability of mini implant and to select optimal length and diameter using continuous variation of parameters.

METHODSTo perform 3-dimensional finite element analysis, finite element models of a maxilla, and mini implants with length of 6-12 mm and diameters of 1.2-2.0 mm were generated. Load of two different forces were applied to the head of mini implant. One type was horizontal force (HF), the other was composite force (CF). The maximum equivalent stress (Max EQV) in maxilla and the maximum displacement (Max DM) of mini implant were evaluated.

RESULTSThe Max EQV in maxilla and Max DM of mini implant decreased as length and diameter increased. When length was more than 9 mm, the evaluation indexes were small and had a less change. Datas indicated that diameter played a more important role in reducing target, and was a more effective parameter in reducing Max EQV when CF was loaded.

CONCLUSIONFrom biomechanical point of view, the choice of the length should not be more than 9 mm. When CF is loaded using the mini implant, diameter exceeding 1.2 mm are optimal design for mini implant.

Objective To investigate the effect of different length and diameters on the stability of mini implant and to select optimal length and diameter using continuous variation of parameters. Methods To perform 3-dimensional finite element analysis, finite element models of a maxilla, and mini implants with length of 6-12 mm and diameters of 1.2-2.0 mm were generated. Load of two different forces were applied to the head of mini implant. One type was horizontal force (HF), the other was composite force (CF). The maximum equivalent stress (Max EQV) in maxilla and the maximum displacement (Max DM) of mini implant were evaluated. Results The Max EQV in maxilla and Max DM of mini implant decreased as length and diameter increased. When length was more than 9 mm, the evaluation indexes were small and had a less change. Datas indicated that diameter played a more important role in reducing target, and was a more effective parameter in re-ducing Max EQV when CF was loaded. Conclusion From biomechanical point of view, the choice of the length should not be more than 9 mm. When CF is loaded using the mini implant, diameter exceeding 1.2 mm are optimal design for mini implant.