AIM:To analyze the association between mobile phone addiction and high myopia among college students.METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey in December 2022 on all students of a university in Shaanxi Province, and the questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, mobile phone addiction, high myopia, and lifestyle. Binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between mobile phone addiction and high myopia among college students.RESULTS:A total of 19 952 college students were included. The prevalence of high myopia was 7.31%. The rate of mobile phone addiction was 25.68%, and the mobile phone addiction score was 37.59±13.38. The incidence of high myopia among college students with mobile phone addiction was higher than non-mobile phone addiction(P<0.001). After adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle, the risk of high myopia among college students with mobile phone addiction was 1.274 times(95%CI:1.131-1.434)higher than non-mobile phone addiction. For each point increase of total mobile phone addiction score, withdrawal symptoms score, salience score, social comfort score, and mood changes score, the risk of high myopia among college students increased by 0.9%(95%CI:1.005-1.013), 2.0%(95%CI:1.010-1.030), 2.6%(95%CI:1.010-1.043), 4.8%(95%CI:1.030-1.066), and 3.3%(95%CI:1.014-1.052), respectively.CONCLUSION:Mobile phone addiction is significantly associated with the increased risk of high myopia among college students, and early intervention of mobile phone use may reduce the risk of high myopia among college students.

Objective:To compare the effects of manual acupuncture(MA),electroacupuncture(EA),and moxibustion on knee joint cartilage morphology,serum inflammatory factors interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-10,matrix metalloproteinase 13(MMP13),and intestinal flora composition in knee osteoarthritis(KOA)model rats.Methods:Forty male specific-pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley rats aged seven weeks were randomly divided into a normal group(n=8)and a KOA modeling group(n=32).The KOA model was established using sodium iodoacetate induction.The KOA modeling rats were further randomly divided into a model group,an MA group,an EA group,and a moxibustion group,with 8 rats in each group.In the MA,EA,and moxibustion groups,interventions targeting the right Futu(ST32)and Zusanli(ST36)were performed for 15 min,once every other day,for 14 sessions.The normal and model groups were bundled on the self-made fixation frame for 15 min.The rat knee joint diameter was measured on the 8th day of adaptive feeding,after successful modeling,and after the 14th intervention.Lequesne behavioral scoring was performed after successful modeling and after the 14th intervention.After the 14th intervention,hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and Masson staining were performed with the cartilage sections of the right knee joint.The pathomorphological changes of the rat joint cartilage were observed and quantified by Mankin's score.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the rat serum levels of IL-6,IL-10,and MMP13.Additionally,16S rDNA sequencing was used to detect the composition of rat fecal flora.Results:Compared to the normal group,the right knee joint diameter and the Lequesne score were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01).Compared to the model group,the right knee joint diameter and the Lequesne score of rats in the MA,EA,and moxibustion groups were significantly reduced(P<0.01),with no significant differences among the three intervention groups(P>0.05).HE staining and Masson staining revealed disordered cartilage structure in the model group,which was improved following interventions in the MA group,EA group,and moxibustion group.Mankin's score was significantly higher in the model group versus the normal group(P<0.05)while significantly lower in the MA,EA,and moxibustion groups versus the model group(P<0.05).Serum analysis showed elevated IL-6 and MMP13 levels and reduced IL-10 level in the model group versus the normal group(P<0.05).Compared to the model group,the serum IL-6 level was significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the IL-10 level was significantly increased(P<0.05)in the MA,EA,and moxibustion groups,but without statistical differences among the three intervention groups(P>0.05);moreover,the MMP13 level in the moxibustion group was significantly lower than that in the model group(P<0.05).The alpha diversity analysis of intestinal flora showed no statistical difference in the number of operational taxonomic units(OTUs)and alpha diversity index among groups(P>0.05).Intestinal flora beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences among groups(P<0.05).Intestinal flora composition analysis showed significantly increased relative abundance of Lactobacillus(P<0.05)and significantly decreased relative abundance of Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes(P<0.05)in the model group compared to the normal group;compared to the model group,the relative abundances of Firmicutes,Lactobacillus,and Romboutsia in the MA,EA,and moxibustion groups were significantly reduced(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 in the MA group increased significantly(P<0.05);Bacteroidetes and Ruminococcaceaae_UGC-005 increased significantly in the moxibustion group(P<0.05).Conclusion:MA,EA,and moxibustion effectively reduced knee joint swelling,improved cartilage tissue morphology,optimized intestinal flora composition,down-regulated expression levels of serum pro-inflammatory factors IL-6 and MMP13,and increased expression level of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in KOA rats.Among them,moxibustion exhibited the most obvious regulatory effect on inflammatory factors.

Post-orgasmic illness syndrome (POIS) is a rare condition characterized by the rapid onset of extreme fatigue, flu-like symptoms, difficulty concentrating, depression, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, itchy eyes, and other physical and psychological discomforts following ejaculation. This report presents the outcomes of two patients with POIS who underwent a two-year course of autologous seminal plasma subcutaneous cluster immunotherapy. Treatment efficacy was assessed using methods such as the symptom Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Union Physio-Psycho-Social Assessment Questionnaire (UPPSAQ)-70, and the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). The results suggest that autologous seminal plasma subcutaneous cluster immunother-apy may be a safe and effective therapeutic approach for POIS.

Objective To clarify the evidence of the frequency and risk factors for falls in knee osteoarthritis(KOA)of adults by meta-analysis.Methods Computerized searches of the CNKI,VIP,Wanfang data,CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science were conducted for literature on risk factors for falls in adults with KOA from the inception of the databases to August 2024.After literature screening,data extraction,and quality evaluation,RevMan 5.4 software was used for Meta-analysis.Results A total of 26 articles were involved.Meta-analysis result showed that the rate of falls was 29.0％.Factors associated with increased risk of falls included being female(OR=1.35),decreased lower limb muscle strength(OR=1.72),decreased knee flexion muscle strength(OR=7.05),decreased static posture stability(OR=1.28),opioid use(OR=1.79),antidepressant use(OR=1.69),frequent stair climbing(OR=7.58),combined neurological disease(OR=1.77),history of falls(OR=3.29)and fear of falling(OR=2.54).Conclusion The rate of falls of patients with KOA is high.The adults with KOA who are women,have lower muscle strength of lower limbs and knee flexion muscle strength,poorer static posture stability,use opioids,antidepressant,frequent stair climbing,combined neurological disorders,previous falls in the past year and fear of falls are at higher risk of falls.Healthcare professionals should dynamically assess and detect the risk of falls in the patients with KOA and adopt targeted,individualized interventions to prevent falls.

Objective: Uterine cancer (UC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths among women. This study assesses the global burden of UC from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study were used to analyze UC incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries.Age-standardized rates were evaluated by age and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), with trends forecasted to 2036 using Bayesian models. Results: In 2021, the global incidence of UC reached 473,614 cases (95% uncertainty interval [UI]=4,29916–5,13667), with an age-standardized incidence rate of 5.41 per 100,000 (95% UI=4.90–5.87), showing an upward trend since 1990, particularly in high-SDI regions. However, the mortality rate in high SDI regions exhibited a declining trend, with an estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of −0.25 (95% confidence interval=−0.42 to −0.08). Although the number of deaths globally has increased, the age-standardized mortality rate has decreased compared to 1990 (EAPC: −0.85). The global age-standardized DALYs also show a downward trend, except in high SDI and low-middle SDI regions. The highest incidence was observed among individuals aged 70–74 in 2021. By 2036, new cases are projected to rise, though incidence, mortality, and DALYs are expected to decline. Conclusion Regional disparities in the global UC burden highlight the need for tailored strategies, especially in low-income countries, to reduce its impact.

Cervical cancer (CC) is a significant cause of cancer-related deaths in women and ranks as the fourth most common malignant tumor worldwide. Cervical histopathology is currently the primary diagnostic method for confirming the presence of CC. Tumor markers and imaging techniques play crucial roles in monitoring treatment effectiveness and prognostic follow-up. Unfortunately, these traditional examination methods are invasive and often lack sensitivity and accuracy. Therefore, there is a need for a less invasive and more sensitive test to facilitate early diagnosis, efficacy evaluation, and prognostic monitoring of CC. In recent years, liquid biopsy has been developed as a new detection method. It involves analyzing tumor components released into the peripheral circulation, such as cell-free RNA, circulating tumor DNA, circulating tumor cells, tumor-educated platelets, and exosomes. Liquid biopsy offers advantages such as being less invasive, highly reproducible, and capable of real-time monitoring. Moreover, liquid biopsy can play a crucial role in the early diagnosis of CC, guiding targeted therapy, assessing prognosis, and evaluating treatment effectiveness.This review focuses on the value of liquid biopsy application in CC, detection markers, and detection methods. It also explores how liquid biopsy can be used in the detection, prognosis, and monitoring the progression of CC. The advantages and limitations of liquid biopsy in CC are analyzed to promote its application and improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Objective:To assess the clinical value of global RNA N6-methyladenosine (m 6A) and perilipin 2 (PLIN2) mRNA site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification in peripheral blood as novel molecular biomarkers of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods:Seventy-four patients with coronary artery disease diagnosed at the Eastern Theater General Hospital from June to December 2023, and 60 age-and sex-matched healthy controls during the same period were selected for a retrospective case-control study. The global RNA m 6A modification level in peripheral blood was detected by RNA methylation quantitative detection kit as a preliminary validation, and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification level was further detected using the qPCR quantification technique with single-base elongation and ligation as a rescreening validation. Lipid indicators such as total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), routine blood indicators such as neutrophil count and platelet count were detected, and the coronary lesion characteristics were further evaluated by using the Gensini score and SYNTAX score systems in conjunction with coronary arteriography results.The CAD group was divided into a single-branch (25 cases) and a multi-branch lesion subgroup (49 cases) according to the number of vascular lesion branches on coronary angiography. The potential value of global RNA m 6A and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification levels in peripheral blood of patients for the adjunctive diagnosis and assessment of coronary artery disease was explored using Spearman correlation analysis, subject operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and logistic regression analysis. Results:Compared with the control group, the levels of global RNA m 6A modification and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9∶19116312) m 6A modification in peripheral blood were significantly decreased in the CAD group (both P<0.05). The levels of global RNA m 6A modification in peripheral blood was also significantly decreased in the single-branch and multi-branch lesion subgroups ( P<0.05), and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification in peripheral blood was significantly decreased in the multi-branch lesion subgroup only ( P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that in both the CAD group and the multi-branch lesion subgroup, global RNA m 6A modification level in peripheral blood was positively correlated with HDL-C ( r=0.246, 0.289, P<0.05) and negatively correlated with SYNTAX score ( r=-0.261, -0.322, P<0.05) and neutrophil count ( r=-0.246, -0.466, P<0.05). In the single-branch lesion subgroup of CAD, PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification level was negatively correlated with Gensini score ( r=-0.566, P<0.05). In the multi-branch lesion subgroup of CAD, PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification level was negatively correlated with platelet count ( r=-0.313, P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of global RNA m 6A and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification levels in peripheral blood for distinguishing CAD and coronary artery multi-branch lesions were 0.915 and 0.918, with specificity of 83.3% and 95.0%, and sensitivity of 85.1% and 75.5%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting confounding factors such as age, sex, proportion of diabetes and hypertension, and TC, the levels of global RNA m 6A modification ( OR=0.691, P<0.001; OR=0.694, P<0.01), and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification levels ( OR=0.345, P<0.05; OR=0.143, P<0.01) in peripheral blood remained independently associated with CAD and coronary artery multi-branch lesions, respectively. Conclusions:The analysis of global RNA m 6A in combination with PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification levels in peripheral blood is valuable for the adjunctive diagnosis and assessment of patients with CAD and coronary artery multi-branch lesions.

Objective To clarify the evidence of the frequency and risk factors for falls in knee osteoarthritis(KOA)of adults by meta-analysis.Methods Computerized searches of the CNKI,VIP,Wanfang data,CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science were conducted for literature on risk factors for falls in adults with KOA from the inception of the databases to August 2024.After literature screening,data extraction,and quality evaluation,RevMan 5.4 software was used for Meta-analysis.Results A total of 26 articles were involved.Meta-analysis result showed that the rate of falls was 29.0％.Factors associated with increased risk of falls included being female(OR=1.35),decreased lower limb muscle strength(OR=1.72),decreased knee flexion muscle strength(OR=7.05),decreased static posture stability(OR=1.28),opioid use(OR=1.79),antidepressant use(OR=1.69),frequent stair climbing(OR=7.58),combined neurological disease(OR=1.77),history of falls(OR=3.29)and fear of falling(OR=2.54).Conclusion The rate of falls of patients with KOA is high.The adults with KOA who are women,have lower muscle strength of lower limbs and knee flexion muscle strength,poorer static posture stability,use opioids,antidepressant,frequent stair climbing,combined neurological disorders,previous falls in the past year and fear of falls are at higher risk of falls.Healthcare professionals should dynamically assess and detect the risk of falls in the patients with KOA and adopt targeted,individualized interventions to prevent falls.

Objective:To assess the clinical value of global RNA N6-methyladenosine (m 6A) and perilipin 2 (PLIN2) mRNA site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification in peripheral blood as novel molecular biomarkers of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods:Seventy-four patients with coronary artery disease diagnosed at the Eastern Theater General Hospital from June to December 2023, and 60 age-and sex-matched healthy controls during the same period were selected for a retrospective case-control study. The global RNA m 6A modification level in peripheral blood was detected by RNA methylation quantitative detection kit as a preliminary validation, and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification level was further detected using the qPCR quantification technique with single-base elongation and ligation as a rescreening validation. Lipid indicators such as total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), routine blood indicators such as neutrophil count and platelet count were detected, and the coronary lesion characteristics were further evaluated by using the Gensini score and SYNTAX score systems in conjunction with coronary arteriography results.The CAD group was divided into a single-branch (25 cases) and a multi-branch lesion subgroup (49 cases) according to the number of vascular lesion branches on coronary angiography. The potential value of global RNA m 6A and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification levels in peripheral blood of patients for the adjunctive diagnosis and assessment of coronary artery disease was explored using Spearman correlation analysis, subject operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and logistic regression analysis. Results:Compared with the control group, the levels of global RNA m 6A modification and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9∶19116312) m 6A modification in peripheral blood were significantly decreased in the CAD group (both P<0.05). The levels of global RNA m 6A modification in peripheral blood was also significantly decreased in the single-branch and multi-branch lesion subgroups ( P<0.05), and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification in peripheral blood was significantly decreased in the multi-branch lesion subgroup only ( P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that in both the CAD group and the multi-branch lesion subgroup, global RNA m 6A modification level in peripheral blood was positively correlated with HDL-C ( r=0.246, 0.289, P<0.05) and negatively correlated with SYNTAX score ( r=-0.261, -0.322, P<0.05) and neutrophil count ( r=-0.246, -0.466, P<0.05). In the single-branch lesion subgroup of CAD, PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification level was negatively correlated with Gensini score ( r=-0.566, P<0.05). In the multi-branch lesion subgroup of CAD, PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification level was negatively correlated with platelet count ( r=-0.313, P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of global RNA m 6A and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification levels in peripheral blood for distinguishing CAD and coronary artery multi-branch lesions were 0.915 and 0.918, with specificity of 83.3% and 95.0%, and sensitivity of 85.1% and 75.5%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting confounding factors such as age, sex, proportion of diabetes and hypertension, and TC, the levels of global RNA m 6A modification ( OR=0.691, P<0.001; OR=0.694, P<0.01), and PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification levels ( OR=0.345, P<0.05; OR=0.143, P<0.01) in peripheral blood remained independently associated with CAD and coronary artery multi-branch lesions, respectively. Conclusions:The analysis of global RNA m 6A in combination with PLIN2 site-specific (chr9:19116312) m 6A modification levels in peripheral blood is valuable for the adjunctive diagnosis and assessment of patients with CAD and coronary artery multi-branch lesions.

Objective To understand the changing composition and antibiotic resistance of bacterial species in the clinical isolates from outpatient and emergency department(hereinafter referred to as outpatients)and inpatient children over time in various hospitals,and to provide laboratory evidence for rational antibiotic use.Methods The data on clinically isolated pathogenic bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates from outpatients and inpatient children in the CHINET program from 2015 to 2021 were collected and analyzed.Results A total of 278 471 isolates were isolated from pediatric patients in the CHINET program from 2015 to 2021.About 17.1％of the strains were isolated from outpatients,primarily group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus,Escherichia coli,and Staphylococcus aureus.Most of the strains(82.9％)were isolated from inpatients,mainly SS.aureus,E.coli,and H.influenzae.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA)in outpatients(24.5％)was lower than that in inpatient children(31.5％).The MRSA isolates from outpatients showed lower resistance rates to the antibiotics tested than the strains isolated from inpatient children.The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis or E.faecium and penicillin-resistant S.pneumoniae was low in either outpatients or inpatient children.S.pneumoniae,β-hemolytic Streptococcus and S.viridans showed high resistance rates to erythromycin.The prevalence of erythromycin-resistant group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus was higher in outpatients than that in inpatient children.The prevalence of β-lactamase-producing H.influenzae showed an overall upward trend in children,but lower in outpatients(45.1％)than in inpatient children(59.4％).The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKpn),carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa(CRPae)and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAba)was 14％,11.7％,47.8％in outpatients,but 24.2％,20.6％,and 52.8％in inpatient children,respectively.The prevalence of multidrug-resistant E.coli,K.pneumoniae,Proteus mirabilis,P.aeruginosa and A.baumannii strains was lower in outpatients than in inpatient children.The prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant E.coli,ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae,ESBLs-producing P.mirabilis,carbapenem-resistant E.coli(CREco),CRKpn,and CRPae was lower in children in outpatients than in inpatient children,but the prevalence of CRAba in 2021 was higher than in inpatient children.Conclusions The distribution of clinical isolates from children is different between outpatients and inpatients.The prevalence of MRSA,ESBL,and CRO was higher in inpatient children than in outpatients.Antibiotics should be used rationally in clinical practice based on etiological diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility test results.Ongoing antimicrobial resistance surveillance and prevention and control of hospital infections are crucial to curbing bacterial resistance.