Objective:To reveal the evolutionary characteristics of tissue engineering strategies for spinal cord injury repair from basic research to clinical application, based on the core database of Web of Science.Methods:Key words such as ′′scaffold′′, ′′growth factors′′, ′′stem-cells′′ and ′′progenitors′′ were searched for in the core database of Web of Science before December 31, 2024, with different combinations of keywords used. The search range was set to ′′Topic′′, and the category was ′′Article′′. The original literature data were screened, sorted and formatted using Excel and self-made R program. High-frequency words and annual scientific output were analysed using the Bibliometrix software package. The literature bird online analysis tool was used to screen the high-impact team and draw the author relationship map.Results:A total of 62 142 articles were retrieved, involving multiple disciplines such as biology and medicine. scaffold (17 times), growth factors (9 times) and stem-cells (37 times) were the three most frequently occuring tissue engineering elements in the spinal cord injury. In terms of scientific output in the field of spinal cord injury mechanism research, the number of articles on stem cell-related research began to exceed that of biological scaffolds and growth factors in 2001 (7 articles campared to 1 and 5 articles), and this increase has continued. For over 20 years, the number of stem cell-related articles has consistently outnumbered those on biological scaffolds and growth factors, with the disparity widening over time. Since 2010, the number of articles on growth factor-related research has shown a downward trend, while the number of articles on biological scaffold-related research has increased steadily. Since 2012, the number of articles on biological scaffold-related research (33 articles) has consistently exceeded that of growth factors (22 articles). In the scientific output of clinical research in the field of spinal cord injury, the number of articles on stem cell-related research has gradually increased since 2002 (4 articles), and has consistently outnumbered those on biological scaffolds and growth factors. Since 2011, the number of articles on growth factor-related research has decreased, while the number of articles on biological scaffold-related research has increased. Since 2016, the number of articles on biological scaffold-related research (6 articles) has been higher than that of growth factors (3 articles). Before December 31, 2024, although the number of articles on stem cells was higher than those on growth factors and biological scaffolds (22 and 20 articles), the difference was far less significant than that for mechanism research (101 and 90 articles). The median scientific output of the three-element composite (48 articles) and its respective applications (37 stem cells articles, 33 growth factors articles, 17 biological scaffolds articles) in the field of tissue engineering all appeared in 2011. The scientific output of the three-element composite application in the field of spinal cord injury research was the highest in 2010 (9 articles). Taking 2010 as a boundary point, the research process can be divided into an early and a late stage. Early research focused on a single element, whereas late stage research turned to the composite application of all three elements. Related research results showed a rapid growth trend. Around 2010, the number of articles on the application of the three elements in the field of spinal cord injury was 2 445. The field entered a new period of rapid development around this time, with a growth rate of 9.15%, and has remained stable since then. Around 2010, the discovery and application of induced pluripotent stem cells also began to receive significant attention (496 articles), and related research has remained active ever since. The top five most influential researchers in the field of spinal cord injury neurorestoration were Dai JW (Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China), Gage FH (Solke Institute of Biology, USA), G?tz M (Biomedical Center of the University of Munich, Germany), Song HJ (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA), and Shoichet MS (University of Toronto, Canada). Notably, only Dai JW team has published clinical studies exhibiting a head effect in the field.Conclusions:Based on the core database of Web of Science, the development of spinal cord injury was explored. Basic research into biological scaffolds, stem cells and growth factors has developed rapidly, with stem cells and biological scaffold material research being particularly active. The three elements are gradually tending towards multi-strategy combined application. Although research objectives in spinal cord injury have advanced from exploring the basic research of the three elements to clinical transformation, the efficiency with which research results are transformed into clinical practice remains low.

Objective To explore the application of graded nursing based on humanistic care in frail elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods A total of 138 patients with COPD treated in Qinhuai Branch,The General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command from October 2020 to April 2023 were randomly assigned into two groups by a random number table,with 69 patients in each group.The control group received routine nursing care based on humanistic care,and the observation group were given routine nursing and graded nursing care according to the frailty scale.Clinical indicators,self-efficacy,treatment compliance and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2),partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2),blood oxygen saturation(SpO2),and the scores of self-decision-making,self-stress reduction and positive attitude of the two groups were improved,especially in the observation group(P<0.05).The compliance rate of observation group was higher than that of control group(97.10%vs.84.06%,P<0.05).The scores of vitality(VT),physical pain(BP),physiological function(RP),social function(SF),emotional function(RE),physiological function(PF),mental health(MH)and overall health(CH)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The combined application of graded nursing based on frailty scale and humanistic care in COPD patients can effectively improve the quality of routine nursing,patient's self-efficacy,treatment compliance,illness status,and quality of life.

BACKGROUND:It has been suggested that CT multiplanar reconstruction should be performed prior to the placement of axial pedicle screws to determine the anatomy of the C2 pedicle in each patient,to design the appropriate screw locus and diameter,and to evaluate the feasibility of screw placement to reduce the incidence of surgery-related complications. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility of axis pedicle screw placement by morphologic classification of pediculoisthmic component with CT multiplanar reconstruction. METHODS:The CT data of 200 patients(400 axial pedicle screws)with cervical spine were retrospectively studied by using Siemens Syngo.Via software.According to the direction of the axis of the pedicle,the CT multiplanar reconstruction positioning line was adjusted to reconstruct the sectional image of the narrowest part of the pediculoisthmic component.According to its morphological characteristics,the narrowest part of the pediculoisthmic component was divided into three types:type 1,"hook"type:Type 1a outer diameter width(a1)>0.4 cm,type 1b outer diameter width(a1)≤0.4 cm;type 2,"like circle/ellipse"type;type 3,"horizontal ellipse"type.The outer diameter width of the narrowest part of pediculoisthmic component(d1),medullary cavity width(d2),outer diameter height(a1),and medullary cavity height(a2)were compared among the three types,and the feasibility of pedicle screw placement of the three types was evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 400 axial pedicles included 269 cases of type 1,130 cases of type 2,and 1 case of type 3.(2)The mean external diameter height between types 1 and 2 was not significantly different(P>0.05).The mean medullary cavity height,mean outer diameter widths,and mean medullary cavity width were significantly different(P<0.001).There were 42 cases(15.6%)of type 1 and 0 cases(0.00%)of type 2 with mean external diameter width≤0.4 cm,and the difference was significant(P<0.001).There was only one case of type 3,whose external diameter height,medullary cavity height,outer diameter width and medullary cavity width were 1.20 cm,0.84 cm,0.64 cm and 0.31 cm,respectively.(3)These results confirm that axial pedicle screws can be safely inserted in patients with types 1a,2 and 3,which requires no further measurement and assessment.Pedicle screw insertion should be performed with caution in type 1b patients.Therefore,in type 1 patients,the width of the narrowest outer diameter of the pediculoisthmic component should be further measured to evaluate the feasibility of axial pedicle screw placement.

Objective:To discuss the method for establishing the rat models of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)by chronic water avoidance stress(WAS)method,and to evaluate its feasibility.Methods:Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group(n=10)and model group(n=20).The rats in model group were induced by WAS method for 1 h everyday,lasting for 10 consecutive days;the rats in control group underwent no interventions.After modeling,the general conditions and body weights of the rats in two groups were observed and recorded.The elevated plus maze(EPM)test was used to detect the percentages of the number of open arm entries(OE)and the time spent in open arms(OT)of the rats in two groups;the abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR)test was used to assess the visceral sensitivity of the rats in two groups;electrocardiography was used to detect the heart rate variability(HRV)of the rats in two groups;electromyography(EMG)of the external oblique muscle was used to detect the colorectal pain sensitivity thresholds of the rats in two groups;multi-channel physiological signal recorder was used to monitor the slow wave frequency of the colon of the rats in two groups.Results:There were no death rats in both groups during the modeling period.After modeling,the rats in model group exhibited poor mental status,reduced spontaneous activity,hypoactivity,disordered and dull fur,irritability,and unclean anal areas;whereas,the rats in control group showed no significant changes in the mental state,spontaneous activity,fur,and perianal area.Compared with control group,the body weight of the rats in model group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The EPM test results showed that compared with control group,the OE percentage and OT percentage of the rats in model group were significantly decreased(P<0.01).The AWR test results showed that 12 rats in model group scored≥3 points,indicating that the successful rate in creating the visceral pain models was 60%.Compared with control group,the low frequency(LF)signals and the ratio of LF/high frequency(HF)of the rats in model group were significantly increased(P<0.01),and the HF was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The EMG results showed that compared with control group,the coloretal pain sensitivity threshold of the colon of the rats in model group was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the slow wave frequency of the colon was significantly increased(P<0.01).Conclusion:The WAS method for establishing the rat model of IBS effectively demonstrates the changes in behavior and mental state,increased the visceral sensitivity,accelerated colonic slow wave frequency,and autonomic nervous system imbalance;the WAS method can serve as an effective modeling approach for observing and evaluating the related drugs and interventions on treatment of IBS.

Objective:To prepare a humanized monoclonal antibody against periostin and establish a stable cell line.Meth-ods:Based on anti-periostin mouse monoclonal antibody developed by our laboratory,total RNA was extracted,and variable region sequences were obtained by RT-PCR amplification of VH and VL genes.The mouse antibody CDR region was transplanted into the human antibody framework receptor region,and the gene was subcloned into the expression vector PATX-GS2,and stably transfected into CHO cells.Monoclonal cell lines were obtained by MSX pressure screening and limited dilution.Results:VH and VL genes were amplified by RT-PCR,and the sequence of the light and heavy chain variable region were determined.Antibody humanization were successfully stablished by CDR transplantation method a murine antibody to a human framework,and a eukaryotic expression plasmid was constructed,which was transfected into CHO cells for expression,and human anti-periostin antibody was successfully obtained.ELISA and Western blot results showed that the humanized antibody had good anti-periostin activities and binding affinity.Conclu-sion:In this study,anti-periostin humanized monoclonal antibody has been successfully prepared,which can specifically bind to peri-ostin proteins in vivo and have biological activity,providing scientific data for the precise treatment of retinal fibrosis,tissue and organ fibrosis,and malignant tumors.

Malignant tumor is a serious threat to human survival and development, and the delay of medical treatment for cancer patients has an effect on the survival rate of patients. This paper summarizes the definition of delayed medical treatment and the current situation, influencing factors and prevention and control countermeasures of delayed medical treatment in cancer patients, so as to provide references for medical personnel to formulate relevant measures of delayed medical treatment.

The ancient herbal books, and literatures were reviewed, and the textual research and origin of Caryophylli flos were explored from the differences between Caryophylli flos and Caryophylli fructus, the alias of Caryophylli flos and Caryophylli fructus, the origin and introduction of Caryophylli flos, and its efficacy and indications. The results indicated that Caryophylli flos and Caryophylli fructus were different from each other in terms of synonyms, chemical components and pharmacological effects. Caryophylli flos was brought to China as a spice in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the efficacy of Caryophylli flos was almost same in ancient and modern time. Caryophylli flos is widely used in digestive and dental diseases, and Caryophylli flos is also one of the seven natural spices, which can be used for food preservation.

The pharmacy of Y anqing Winter （Paralympic）Olympic Village Polyclinic of 2022 Beijing Winter （Paralympic） Olympic Games will be comprehensively managed from five aspects of man ，machine，material，method and environment by adopting the 4M1E management method of quality management tool . In terms of man ，constantly enhanced training and daily health monitoring have been insisted ；in terms of machine ，drug information entry and drug information management have been improved and maintained ；in terms of drugs ，on the basis of drug management ，the management of drugs banned by the World Anti -Doping Agency，class Ⅱ psychotropic drugs and narcotic drugs have been strengthened ；in terms of regulations and environment ，strict pharmacy workflow and management system have been established ，and epidemic prevention closed -loop management requirements have been strictly implemented . From the pre -opening of Yanqing Winter （Paralympic）Olympic Village on January 23，2022 to the official closing of the Village on March 16，2022，the clinic pharmacy dispensed a total of 156 prescriptions（105 prescriptions during the Winter Olympic Games ，51 prescriptions during the Winter Paralympic Games ），including 18 prescriptions from the National （Regional） Olympic Committee and the National （Regional） Paralympic Games team doctors ，2 prescriptions containing stimulants that do not need to be exempted from treatment，1 prescription for narcotics ，and 37 prescriptions for athletes（23.7%）. Ibuprofen tablets ，Diclofenac diethylamine emulsion，Loratadine tablets and other drugs are widely used . The application of 4M1E management method enables the clinic pharmacy to provide perfect and high -quality pharmaceutical services for large -scale events while doing well in epidemic prevention and control .

Objective:To conduct a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the issues found in quality management, establish a risk-based whole-process quality management model, and improve the quality of clinical trials.Methods:Based on the risk-based quality management theory, the issues found in the quality control of drug clinical trials in Beijing Cancer Hospital in 2020 were structured and classified by severity (mild to moderate to severe) and 10 categories, and the risk matrix was graded by a semi-quantitative method. Targeted quality control strategies for different levels of risk were carried out according to visual analysis of the informative quality analysis platform. Chi-square tests of the severity of quality control issues in our hospital in 2020 and 2021 and non-parametric tests of the number of issues per capita in each category were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the management model.Results:A risk matrix was established according to the severity and frequency of the issues found in the quality control in 2020. The issues with severe risks were categorized as protocol compliance and serious adverse events, and categories with moderate risks included informed consent, biological sample related, original records, and investigator folders. After using visual analysis and adopting the risk-based quality control strategy, the proportion of severe issues found in quality control in our hospital in 2021 was 0.92%, lower than that of 1.39% in 2020, and the difference was statistically significant. The average number of issues detected per capita in each category for each trial in 2021 was lower than that in 2020 with a statistical difference, indicating that the management model was effective.Conclusions:Using information technology to adopt risk-based quality management is helpful to improve the quality of hospital clinical trials.

Objective: To explore and compare the preventive effect of using letrozole and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist during luteal phase of patients at high risk for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Methods: A total of 99 infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer or intracytoplasmic sperm injection with high risk for OHSS were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial.The letrozole group (n=51) received letrozole of 7.5 mg daily for 3 days;the GnRH antagonist group (n=48) were given cetrorelix of 0.25 mg subcutaneously daily for 3 days. Both groups received support therapy combined with embryo cryopreservation. The incidence of OHSS was surveyed. And the serum concentration of estradiol, LH and progesterone on days 3, 5 and 8 after oocytes retrieval were measured. Results: There were no statistical differences in terms of baseline characteristics of patients and outcomes of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation between the two groups.The incidence of moderate and severe OHSS was found no significantly difference between letrozole group [11.8%(6/51)] and GnRH antagonist group [10.4%(5/48);P>0.05]. The estradiol concentration of the indicated days on days 3,5 and 8 after oocytes retrieval in letrozole group and GnRH antagonist group were (1 417±3 543) versus (15 210±9 921) pmol/L, (1 692±4 330) versus (18 680±11 567) pmol/L, (239±336) versus (3 582±5 427) pmol/L, respectively;compared with GnRH antagonist group, the estradiol level was significantly lower in the letrozole group (all P<0.01). The luteinizing hormone level in the letrozole group were (0.46±0.40), (0.56±0.55)and (0.67±0.58) U/L on days 3,5 and 8 after oocytes retrieval, which were significantly higher than those of GnRH antagonist group [(0.28±0.28), (0.30±0.19) and (0.45±0.37) U/L, respectively; all P<0.05]. There was no obvious differences on progesterone levels between letrozole group and GnRH antagonist group (all P>0.05),and on days 8 after oocytes retrieval,the level of progesterone in each group were significantly lower than those on day 3 and 5 after oocytes retrieval (P<0.05). Conclusion Letrozole has the same efficiency as GnRH antagonist for the prevention of OHSS, faster and cheaper to use, but its efficacy seems not to be related to the suppression of steroidogenic during the luteal phase.