ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Janus kinase （JAK） inhibitors combined with Chinese herbal medicine （CHM） in treating rheumatoid arthritis （RA）. MethodsClinical data from 169 RA patients were retrospectively collected. Among them， 71 cases received JAK inhibitors as the control group， while 98 cases received JAK inhibitors plus CHM as the observation group， both treated for 24 weeks. The rheumatoid factor （RF）， cyclic citic peptide antibody （anti-CCP）， erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）， C-reactive protein （CRP）， and white blood cell count （WBC） were recorded before and after treatment. Databases including CNKI， Wanfang， VIP， PubMed and Web of Science were searched from inception till August 31st， 2025 for randomized controlled trials （RCTs） on the combined use of JAK inhibitors and CHM for RA. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using the risk of bias assessment tool. Meta-analyses were performed for RF， anti-CCP， ESR， CRP， 28-joint disease activity score （DAS28）， overall clinical effective rate， and incidence of adverse events. Sensitivity analysis were also performed. ResultsThe retrospective study demonstrated that after treatment， ESR， CRP， and anti-CCP levels decreased in the observation group， while ESR and CRP levels decreased in the control group （P＜0.05）. Moreover， ESR and RF levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. A total of 9 RCTs involving 770 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that the JAK inhibitors plus CHM group was superior to the JAK inhibitors group in reducing RF （MD=-8.97， 95%CI -15.01 to -2.94， P=0.004）， CRP （MD=-3.34， 95%CI -3.82 to -2.86， P＜0.001）， ESR （MD=-5.33， 95%CI -7.98 to -2.69， P＜0.001）， and DAS28 score （MD=-0.54， 95%CI -0.74 to -0.34， P＜0.001）， as well as in improving the overall clinical effective rate （OR=4.53， 95%CI 2.55 to 8.03， P＜0.001）. No statistically significant differences were observed between groups in anti-CCP levels （SMD=-2.08， 95%CI -4.41 to 0.24， P=0.080） or incidence of adverse events （OR=0.93， 95%CI 0.55 to 1.57， P=0.790）. ConclusionThe combination of JAK inhibitors and CHM demonstrates remarkable efficacy in treating RA， contributing to improved disease activity and reduced inflammatory markers with a favorable safety profile.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules in the physical examination population in Mianyang region and analyze its association with metabolic syndrome. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 9 978 individuals who underwent health examinations at our hospital from January 2024 to May 2025. Thyroid examinations were performed using color Doppler ultrasound to analyze the prevalence of thyroid nodules in this population. Clinical data of all subjects were collected, and logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of thyroid nodule development. Results The prevalence of thyroid nodules in the physical examination population of Mianyang region was 17.98% (1 794/9 978). The logistic regression results showed that after adjusting for gender, age, BMI, occupation, consumption of non-iodized salt, staying up late, daily sleep duration, anxiety, and depression, metabolic syndrome (OR=6.593, 95% CI: 3.961-10.975) was associated with thyroid nodules (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of thyroid nodules among the physical examination population in the Mianyang area is 17.98%, and metabolic syndrome remains associated with the risk of thyroid nodules after effectively controlling for confounding factors.

ObjectiveTo explore the expression levels of long non-coding RNA （lncRNA） H19 and microRNA-22-3p （miR-22-3p） in the serum of patients with acute myocardial infarction （AMI） and their diagnostic value for AMI. MethodsA total of 176 AMI patients were selected as the experimental group and were divided into ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） group （n=95） and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction （NSTEMI） group （n=81） based on their medical history and electrocardiogram. Meanwhile， 156 patients with negative angiography during the same period were selected as the control group （CON group）. The relative expression levels of lncRNA H19 and miR-22-3p in the serum of the two groups were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The diagnostic value of miR-22-3p and lncRNA H19 in AMI was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve （ROC） analysis. The levels of serum cardiac troponin I （cTnI）， creatine kinase （CK）， creatine kinase MB isoenzyme （CK-MB）， and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （CRP） were detected in all study subjects. Spearman correlation analyses were used to evaluate the correlations between lncRNA H19 and miR-22-3p and cTnI， CK， CK-MB and CRP. ResultsCompared with the control group， the expression level of lncRNA H19 was upregulated and the expression level of miR-22-3p was downregulated in the AMI group （all P<0.01）； compared with the NSTEMI group， the expression level of lncRNA H19 was upregulated and the expression level of miR-22-3p was downregulated in the STEMI group （P<0.01）. The areas under the ROC curves （AUC） for the diagnosis of AMI by miR-22-3p， lncRNA H19 and their combination were 0.555， 0.977， and 0.983， respectively. lncRNA H19 was positively correlated with cTnI， CK， CK-MB and CRP （P<0.05）， and negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF） （P<0.001）； miR-22-3p was negatively correlated with cTnI， CK and CRP， and positively correlated with LVEF （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe expression level of lncRNA H19 is elevated and the expression level of miR-22-3p decreased in AMI patients， and their levels may have potential value as an auxiliary biomarker for AMI diagnosis and cardiac function assessment.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the influencing factors for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Chinese children, so as to provide the evidence for risk prediction and intervention of ASD. Methods: The publications pertaining to the influencing factors for ASD in Chinese children were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed and Embase database from inception to August 2024. A meta-analysis was performed using R package version 4.4.1. Sensitivity analysis was performed using the "leave-one-out" evaluation procedure. Publication bias was assessed using Egger regression test. Results: A total of 38 high-quality articles out of 9 015 articles were finally included, covering 149 607 individuals, with 5 974 cases of ASD. The meta-analysis showed that demographic factors including family history of related diseases (OR=14.958), maternal age of ≥35 years (OR=2.287) and parental history of hazardous occupations (OR=3.511); pregnancy-related factors including history of abortion (OR=5.832), no folate supplementation before and during pregnancy (OR=4.566), tobacco exposure before and during pregnancy (OR=2.596), history of other adverse exposures before and during pregnancy (OR=3.533), history of infectious diseases during pregnancy (OR=3.753), history of non-infectious diseases during pregnancy (OR=2.563), psychological problems during pregnancy (OR=3.864), history of medication during pregnancy (OR=6.651), adverse environmental exposures during pregnancy (OR=3.754), severe pregnancy reactions (OR=5.082), abnormal perinatal period (OR=2.987), cesarean delivery (OR=1.659), other perinatal adverse factors (OR=3.856), history of neonatal asphyxia (OR=2.792) and neonatal jaundice (OR=3.687); parenting factors including non-exclusive breastfeeding (OR=2.510), early/excessive screen exposure (OR=3.589) and feeding problems (OR=3.113); and individual factors including being male (OR=3.333) and history of convulsions/epilepsy (OR=7.035) were influencing factors for ASD in Chinese children. Conclusions The prevalence of ASD in Chinese children is primarily associated with 23 influencing factors, including family history of related diseases, history of abortion, no folate supplementation before and during pregnancy, medication during pregnancy, early/excessive screen exposure and history of convulsions/epilepsy.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Yifei Jianpi prescription on the of signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 1 （STAT1）/interferon regulatory factor 3 （IRF3） signaling pathway in a pneumonia model induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） and to explore the mechanism of Yifei Jianpi prescription in improving lung immune and inflammatory responses. MethodsSixty male SPF SD rats were used in this study. Ten rats were randomly assigned to the normal control group， and the remaining 50 were instilled with LPS in the trachea to establish a pneumonia model. After successful modeling， the rats were randomly divided into the model group， dexamethasone group （0.5 mg·kg^-1）， and Yifei Jianpi prescription high-dose （12 mg·kg^-1）， medium-dose （6 mg·kg^-1）， and low-dose （3 mg·kg^-1） groups， with 10 rats in each group. Treatment was administered once daily， and the normal control and model groups received the same volume of normal saline. After 14 days， flow cytometry was used to detect the classification of whole blood lymphocytes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure serum levels of immunoglobulin G （IgG）， immunoglobulin A （IgA）， immunoglobulin M （IgM）， and the content of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and interleukin-10 （IL-10） in alveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe lung tissue pathology and score the damage. Thymus weight， spleen weight， and wet-to-dry weight ratio （W/D） were recorded. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of STAT1， IRF3， IL-6， and interferon-alpha （IFN-α） in lung tissues， while Western blot was performed to assess the protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IL-6， and IFN-α. ResultsCompared with the normal control group， the model group showed significantly increased proportion of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood， decreased proportions of NK cells and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ （P<0.05， P<0.01）， decreased serum levels of IgG and IgA， significantly increased IgM levels （P<0.01）， significantly elevated content of TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-8 in BALF， and significantly decreased IL-10 levels （P<0.01）. Lung tissue damage was evident， with significant increases in thymus and spleen weights and a higher W/D ratio （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IFN-α， and IL-6 in lung tissues was significantly upregulated （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Yifei Jianpi prescription groups showed significantly reduced proportions of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood， increased proportions of NK cells and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratios （P<0.05， P<0.01）， significantly increased serum levels of IgG and IgA， significantly decreased IgM levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）， significantly reduced levels of TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-8 in BALF， and significantly increased IL-10 levels （P<0.01）. Lung tissue damage was alleviated， thymus and spleen weights were significantly reduced， and the W/D ratio was markedly decreased （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IFN-α， and IL-6 in lung tissues was significantly downregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionYifei Jianpi prescription can alleviate lung tissue damage and improve immune and inflammatory responses in LPS-induced pneumonia rats. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of STAT1/IRF3 signaling pathway activation.

Objective To analyze the causes of HIV-2 specific bands in the Western blot (WB) tests and to understand previous HIV-2 infection status in this city. Methods A total of 68 samples with HIV-2 specific bands in WB were analyzed using two confirmatory reagents. The test results were further analyzed in combination with epidemiological data, nucleic acid testing and gene sequencing. Results When tested with MP reagent, 66 samples (97.06%) were found to be positive for HIV-2 antibody, while the other two were negative or undetermined for HIV-2 antibody. When tested with MIKROGEN reagent, 67 samples (98.53%) were found to be positive for HIV-1 antibody, and one sample was negative for HIV-1 antibody. Further HIV-1 nucleic acid testing was conducted on these samples, and all 68 samples tested positive for HIV-1 RNA, with the results all exceeding 5,000 copies/ml. After BLAST comparison, it was found that the homology similarity of 68 samples to the HIV-1 reference strain sequence was >90%, but there was no similarity with the HIV-2 reference strain sequence. Conclusion The results of the serological test, nucleic acid test and gene sequencing of the 68 samples all have indicated HIV-1 infection. Combined with the epidemiological data, it can be concluded that the double reaction of HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies in WB tests of these 68 samples is very likely to be a non-specific cross-reaction rather than HIV-2 infection. This study indicates that no HIV-2 infection cases have been found in Chengdu so far.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of arthroscopic outside-in release for gluteal muscle contracture (GMC) in supine position versus lateral decubitus position. METHODS: The clinical data of 34 GMC patients meeting selection criteria between January 2022 and May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Arthroscopic contracture band release was performed in the lateral decubitus position (lateral group, n=14) or the supine position (supine group, n=20). No significant difference ( P>0.05) was observed between groups in baseline data, including gender, age, body mass index, preoperative GMC functional quantitative score, modified Harris hip score (mHHS), visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, and hip flexion/adduction range of motion (ROM). The total operation time, release procedure time, non-release procedure time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, and postoperative complications were recorded and compared. Functional outcomes (GMC functional quantitative score, mHHS score, VAS score, hip flexion/adduction ROM) were evaluated preoperatively and at 3, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. RESULTS: All incisions healed by first intention without major vascular or neurological complications. In the lateral group, 3 patients developed patchy bruising on bilateral buttocks and posterior thighs at 3 days after operation, which resolved after 2 weeks of ice packs and ultrasonic therapy. The supine group demonstrated significantly shorter total operation time, non-release procedure time, hospital stay, and reduced intraoperative blood loss versus the lateral group ( P<0.05). No significant difference was found in release procedure time ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up 24 months. Both groups showed significant improvements ( P<0.05) in mHHS score, GMC functional quantitative score, VAS score, and hip adduction/flexion ROM at all postoperative timepoints compared to preoperative values, with no significant intergroup differences ( P>0.05). CONCLUSION Both surgical positions effectively improve hip function in GMC patients. However, the supine position offers significant advantages over the lateral decubitus position in operation time, anesthesia management, intraoperative blood loss control, and reduced hospital stay.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Arthroscopy/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Buttocks/surgery* ; Adult ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Supine Position ; Treatment Outcome ; Middle Aged ; Contracture/surgery* ; Muscle, Skeletal/surgery* ; Young Adult ; Operative Time ; Hip Contracture/surgery* ; Patient Positioning/methods*

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a comprehensive analysis of proximal humeral anatomical characteristics in the Chinese population utilizing three-dimensional reconstruction technology, thereby establishing an evidence base for the enhancement of shoulder hemiarthroplasty procedures and the development of domestically manufactured prostheses. METHODS: The study cohort comprised 30 patients (60 shoulders) presenting with cervicoscapular pain between July 2023 and June 2025, with equal gender distribution (15 males and 15 females); age distribution ranged from 20 to 75 years (mean, 53.7 years). Data acquisition was performed via high-resolution CT imaging (technical parameters: slice thickness 0.625 mm, voltage 120 kV, current 150 mA, matrix 512×512). Subsequently, CT datasets were processed in DICOM format using Mimics17.0 software for three-dimensional reconstruction, followed by quantitative assessment via Imageware12.0 software to evaluate key proximal humeral parameters: humeral head dimensions (coronal diameter, sagittal diameter, surface curvature diameter, thickness), angular measurements [neck-shaft angle, retroversion angle (retroversion angle 1 was the angle between the humeral head axis and the line connecting the medial and lateral condyles, and retroversion angle 2 was the angle between the humeral head axis and the tangent of the trochlea)], and positional metrics (medial offset, posterior offset). Statistical analysis incorporated Pearson correlation coefficients to determine parameter relationships, with comparative evaluations conducted across demographic variables including gender, height, body mass, and age. RESULTS: Quantitative analysis yielded the following measurements: humeral head coronal diameter (41.8±3.6) mm, sagittal diameter (39.1±4.1) mm, surface curvature diameter (44.9±4.6) mm, thickness (17.2±1.8) mm, neck-shaft angle (128.4±4.2)°, retroversion angle 1 (16.9±8.9)°, retroversion angle 2 (21.4±11.3)°, medial offset (3.8±1.7) mm, and posterior offset (5.1±1.6) mm. Correlation analysis demonstrated the most pronounced positive relationship between humeral head surface curvature diameter and thickness ( r=0.966, P=0.001), with additional significant positive correlations observed between surface curvature diameter and coronal diameter ( r=0.842, P=0.001), posterior offset and retroversion angle 1 ( r=0.766, P=0.001), and coronal diameter and thickness ( r=0.727, P=0.001). Demographic analysis revealed significantly greater dimensions in males compared to females for humeral head surface curvature diameter, coronal diameter, sagittal diameter, and thickness ( P<0.05), with these parameters demonstrating progressive increases corresponding to height ( P<0.05). With the exception of neck-shaft angle, all parameters exhibited a positive correlation with body mass. No significant age-related differences were detected across parameters ( P>0.05). CONCLUSION The proximal humeral morphology in the Chinese population exhibits substantial variability, necessitating optimization of prosthetic designs based on population-specific anatomical metrics to enhance the efficacy of personalized clinical interventions.
Humans ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods* ; Adult ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods* ; Humerus/diagnostic imaging* ; Shoulder Joint/surgery* ; Hemiarthroplasty/methods* ; Humeral Head/anatomy & histology* ; Young Adult ; Clinical Relevance