Objective:To conduct a scoping review of studies on decision aids for lung cancer screening and provide a reference for the development of such tools in China.Methods:In accordance with the methodology of scoping reviews, a comprehensive search was performed across PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP from inception to November 1, 2024. The included literature was summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 18 studies were included. The decision aids for lung cancer screening mainly addressed elements such as information support and guidance, analysis of pros and cons related to screening decisions, clarification of values and preferences, and communication support during decision-making. Outcome indicators included cognitive and behavioral aspects, values and preferences, decision outcomes, acceptability and feasibility of the tools. The application effects showed improvements in participants' knowledge about lung cancer screening, screening behaviors, reduced decisional conflict and regret, and increased satisfaction with decision-making. Participants showed a high level of acceptance of these tools.Conclusions:Current research on lung cancer screening decision aids is predominantly conducted in other countries and demonstrates positive effects. In the future, China can draw on these experiences to develop decision aids suitable for the Chinese population, with the aim of reducing decisional conflict and improving decision quality.

Objective:To conduct a scoping review of studies on decision aids for lung cancer screening and provide a reference for the development of such tools in China.Methods:In accordance with the methodology of scoping reviews, a comprehensive search was performed across PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP from inception to November 1, 2024. The included literature was summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 18 studies were included. The decision aids for lung cancer screening mainly addressed elements such as information support and guidance, analysis of pros and cons related to screening decisions, clarification of values and preferences, and communication support during decision-making. Outcome indicators included cognitive and behavioral aspects, values and preferences, decision outcomes, acceptability and feasibility of the tools. The application effects showed improvements in participants' knowledge about lung cancer screening, screening behaviors, reduced decisional conflict and regret, and increased satisfaction with decision-making. Participants showed a high level of acceptance of these tools.Conclusions:Current research on lung cancer screening decision aids is predominantly conducted in other countries and demonstrates positive effects. In the future, China can draw on these experiences to develop decision aids suitable for the Chinese population, with the aim of reducing decisional conflict and improving decision quality.

Objective:To analyze the current status of physical composition in medical workers and the evaluation effects of each indicator on nutritional status.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 313 medical workers from one hospital in Beijing were recruited from May 21st to June 22nd in 2021 for body composition measurement. Variance analysis was used to compare the age and gender distribution differences in total body fat, fat-free body weight, body fat percentage, skeletal muscle, protein, water, mineral, and basal metabolic rate indicators among the medical workers. Protein content, body fat percentage, and body mass index (BMI) were used to evaluate the nutritional status of medical workers, and the evaluation effects were analyzed too.Results:Of the 313 medical workers included in this study, there were 221 females and 92 males. In females, total body fat, fat-free body weight, skeletal muscle mass, and basal metabolic rate were all positively correlated with age ( F=19.823, 6.745, 6.561, 6.707) (all P<0.001). There was no significant differences in body composition indicators among male participants of different age groups (all P>0.05). The total body fat in female medical workers was significantly higher than that in males (17.58 kg vs 17.08 kg). Total water, protein, minerals, fat-free body weight, skeletal muscle mass, and basal metabolic rate were all significantly lower in female medical workers when compared with those in males [30.40 kg vs 41.78 kg, 8.07 kg vs 11.26 kg, 2.96 kg vs 3.88 kg, 41.43 kg vs 56.92 kg, 22.37 kg vs 31.98 kg, 1 264.86 kcal (1 kcal=4.184 kJ) vs 1 599.39 kcal] (all P<0.05). Among the medical workers, 190 cases (60.7%) had normal protein levels, 103 cases (32.9%) had protein deficiencies, and 20 cases (6.3%) had protein levels exceeding the standard. Additionally, 110 cases (35.1%) had normal body fat ratios, 193 cases (61.6%) had excessive body fat ratios, and 10 cases (3.2%) had insufficient body fat ratios. Concerning body mass index (BMI), 198 cases (63.2%) had normal BMI. Among them, 145 cases (73.2%) had normal body fat ratios, 53 cases (26.7%) had excessive body fat ratios, 108 cases (54.5%) had normal protein levels, 89 cases (44.9%) had insufficient protein levels, and 1 case (0.5%) had excessive protein levels. Furthermore, 103 cases (32.9%) had excessive BMI, with 20 cases (19.4%) having normal body fat ratios indicating the muscle/bone strength type, and 83 cases (80.6%) having normal protein levels indicating the muscular type. Lastly, 12 cases (3.8%) had insufficient BMI, including 6 cases (50.0%) with normal body fat ratios. Conclusion:There are significant gender differences in body composition distribution among healthcare workers. In females, total body fat, lean body mass, skeletal muscle, and basal metabolic rate are all correlated with age. Evaluating individual nutrition status based solely on BMI would underestimate the obesity rate. Individuals with low or high protein/muscle content should not be assessed using BMI.

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the role of human herpesvirus (HHV) infection in refractory intestinal graft-versus-host disease (GI-GVHD) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and its diagnosis and treatment.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed patients presenting with refractory GI-GVHD after allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT) with concomitant colonoscopy and mucosal biopsy at Lu Daopei Hospital, Yanda, Hebei, from March 2022 to July 2024. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6), HHV7, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) detection with the RQ-PCR method. The intestinal mucosa was pathologically assessed and immunohistochemistry was utilized to detect the CMV early antigen, CMV late antigen, and EBV by in situ hybridization.Results:This study included 42 patients, consisting of 25 males and 17 females with a median age of 26 (1-59) years. All were histopathologically diagnosed as GI-GVHD. Among them, 34 (81.0%) cases had combined viral enteritis, with 52.4% positive for EBV, 38.1% positive for HHV6, 26.2% positive for CMV, and 14.3% positive for HHV7. Further, 17 (40.5%) cases had mixed viral infections, including 5 EBV+ HHV6, 3 CMV+HHV6, 3 CMV+EBV, 2 CMV+EBV+HHV6, 2 EBV+HHV6+HHV7, 1 EBV+HHV7, and 1 HHV6 + HHV7 cases. Furthermore, 17 (40.5%) had a single viral infection, including 9 EBV, 3 CMV, 3 HHV6, and 2 HHV7 cases. Moreover, 17 (40.5%) patients exhibited a positive histopathological viral test, including 7 (16.6%) CMV-positive and 12 (28.5%) EBV-positive cases. The same positive virus was detected in the feces of all 34 patients with positive tissue homogenate virus, and the positive rate of the same virus in the blood was 17.6%. Tissue homogenized virus testing was utilized as the diagnostic criterion for enterocolitis: blood tests for CMV, EBV, HHV6, and HHV7 demonstrated a sensitivity of 45.4%, 4.5%, 6.3%, and 0%, and specificity of 90.3%, 95%, 100%, and 110%, respectively. Additionally, fecal tests for CMV, EBV, HHV6, and HHV7 demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Treatment based on etiology caused ORR and CR rates for diarrhea of 76.1% (32/42) and 66.6% (28/42), respectively. The median follow-up of 42 patients was 13 (1 - 49) months, and 28 patients survived, with an expected 2-year survival rate of 61.9%.Conclusion:In addition to GVHD itself, intestinal human herpesvirus infection is one of the reasons for the refractory nature of GI-GVHD. Viral testing in blood and tissues reveals significant segregation, and the possibility of comorbid viral enteritis cannot be excluded even if a patient with GI-GVHD tests negative for blood viruses.

Objective:To investigate the effect of exogenous recombinant human Annexin A6(rhANX A6)intervention on early plasma membrane damage and its metabolic characteristics in skeletal muscle in mice with eccentric exercise injury models. Method:Fifty-six C57 male mice,aged 8 weeks,were randomly divided into the quiet control group(group C),exercise group injected with phosphate-buffer saline(group EP)and exercise group injected with rhANX A6(group ER).The exercise groups were further subdivided based on different post-exercise sampling times:EP2,EP6,EP12,and ER2,ER6,ER 12,with 8 mice in each subgroup.Two hours before exercise,the group EP and group ER received intraperitoneal injections with l*PBS buffer(1 x concentration)and rhANX A6(0.8 mg/kg),respectively.ELISA was used to detect the content of ANX A6 in serum creatine kinase(CK),Annexin A6(ANX A6)and skeletal muscle in each group of mice,and Evans Blue dye(EBD)was used to observe the damage of the skeletal muscle plasma membrane of each group of mice. Result:The serum CK activity in all EP subgroups and ER12h were significantly higher than those in the C group(P＜0.01).At the same time point,CK levels in all EP subgroups were significantly higher than in the ER group(P＜0.05).The average fluorescence intensity of EBD-positive regions in all EP and ER subgroup was significantly higher than that in group C(P＜0.01).All EP subgroups had significantly higher intensities than the ER group(P＜0.01).The serum ANX A6 levels in all ER subgroups and EP6h,EP12h were signifi-cantly higher than that in group C(P＜0.01).At 12h time point,ANX 46 levels in the ER group were signifi-cantly higher than in the EP group(P＜0.05).ANX A6 levels in skeletal muscle of all EP and ER subgroups were significantly higher than that in group C(P＜0.05);All ER subgroups had significantly higher than those in the EP group(P＜0.05). Conclusion:Exogenous rhANX A6 injection 2 hours before eccentric exercise in mice can significantly improve the early plasma membrane injury in skeletal muscle after exercise.It is speculated that rhANX A6 directly in-volved in the repair of early plasma membrane damage in skeletal muscle induced by eccentric exercise.

Objective To explore the interventional effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on tardive dyskinesia (TD) in schizophrenic patients. Methods A total of 105 schizophrenic patients were selected as subjects and randomly divided into 1 Hz treatment group, 10 Hz treatment group and control group, with 35 patients in each group. All three groups received rTMS treatment for 12 weeks. The Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) scores were compared among the three groups. Physiological indicators such as electrocardiogram, blood routine, blood biochemistry and hormone levels were monitored. Results After treatment, the total AIMS scores in the 1 Hz and 10 Hz treatment groups were significantly lower than before treatment, and those in the 1 Hz and 10 Hz treatment groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The reduction rates of AIMS scores in the 1 Hz and 10 Hz treatment groups were 68.6% and 65.7%, respectively, which were significantly higher than the 22.9% in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the total SANS and PANSS scores in the 1 Hz and 10 Hz treatment groups were significantly lower than before treatment, and those in the 1 Hz and 10 Hz treatment groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the total AIMS score, efficacy and total PANSS score between the 1 Hz and 10 Hz treatment groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the total TESS scores and physiological indicators among the three groups before and after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion Both 1 Hz and 10 Hz rTMS can effectively improve TD in schizophrenic patients with good safety and have no significant side effects or physiological damage.

Objective To investigate the current work situation of clinical research coordinators(CRCs)and to offer proposals for optimization and improvement.Methods An online-questionnaire was used to survey the out-of-hospital CRCs assigned by Site Management Organization(SMO)in 23 clinical trial sites in Shanghai.Results CRCs were mainly female(91.09%)and 50.78%of the employees aged between 25 and 29 years old.Most CRCs(49.61%)had a nursing background.The average score of CRC professional identity was 66.45.Among the five dimensions of professional identity,the mean score of CRC occupational social cognition was the highest,while the mean score of occupational self-reflection was the lowest.The mean score of job satisfaction was 33.51,and the mean score of intrinsic satisfaction was the highest in the three dimensions of job satisfaction,and 55.18%CRCs had considered turnover.Among the 288 people considering turnover,64.24%were due to income not meeting expectations and a low chance of promotion.CRCs faced various difficulties such as difficulty in trial projects,difficulties in project execution,and weak professional skills.Conclusion Current status and career development bottleneck of out-of-hospital CRCs are clarified through the investigation.And countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from three aspects,including the state,profession and individuals in view of CRC shortage and its career development dilemma.

Objective To explore the role of exogenous recombinant human annexin A6(rhANX A6) intervention in early plasma membrane repair of skeletal muscles in mice with eccentric motion injury.Methods Fifty-six 8-week-old C57 male mice were randomly divided into a resting control group(C,n=8),an exercise+PBS injection group(EP,n=24) and an exercise+rhANX A6 injection group(ER,n=24).Two hours before the exercise,both EP and ER groups were injected 1 × PBS buffer and rhANX A6(0.8 mg/kg) intraperitoneally,respectively.Both EP and ER groups underwent a 60-min downhill centrifugal running on the running platform of 15° slope,with an initial speed of 5 m/min,increased by 1 m/min up to 17 m/min.At 2 h,6 h and 12 h after exercise,8 mice were executed to collect samples.The serum creatine kinase(CK) levels were detected using enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay,while the positive area of Xin actin-binding repeat-containing protein (XIRP),the co-localization of annexin A6(ANX A6),annexin A1 (ANX A1) and annexin A2(ANX A2),as well as the pore size of plasma membrane repair mediated by ANX A6 were observed using immunofluores-cence.Results Compared with group C,a significant increase was observed in the average serum CK level at all sampling points in EP group and 12 h after exercise in ER group(P<0.01),with that of EP group significantly higher than ER group at all sampling points(P<0.05).Moreover,the percentag-es of Xirp staining positive area in EP group and ER group were significantly higher group C at all time points(P<0.05),with that of EP group 2 h and 12 h after exercise significantly higher than ER group(P<0.01).Meanwhile,the co-localization coefficients of ANX A6 and A1 increased significantly at all sampling points in both EP and ER groups(P<0.01),with those of EP group 6 h and 12 h af-ter exercise significantly higher than ER group(P<0.01).What's more,compared with group C,the co-localization fluorescence points of ANX A6 with A1 or A2 of EP group at all times and of ER group 6 h and 12 h after exercise increased significantly,with those of EP group 6 h and 12 h after exercise significantly higher than ER group(P<0.01).At 6 h after eccentric exercise injury,ANX A1 and A2 were mainly involved in ANX A6-mediated plasma membrane repair of a'large wound' of about 10 μm.Conclusion Exogenous rhANX A6 injected 2 h before exercise significantly promotes the early-stage repair of plasma membrane damage in skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise and has a positive effect on the formation of micron-sized'patches'.

Objective:To investigate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT combined with conventional imaging modalities in the evaluation of the depth of tumor invasion, regional lymph node metastasis, distant organ and lymph node metastasis (TNM staging), and the adjacent structure invasion of rectal cancer. Methods:Fifty-four patients (28 males, 26 females, age (65.8±11.0) years) with pathologically confirmed rectal cancer admitted to the Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University between September 2019 and June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. 18F-FDG PET/CT examination, conventional imaging modalities including high-resolution MRI (HR-MRI), chest CT plain scan, upper abdominal MRI or CT plain scan+ enhanced examination were performed within 2 weeks before or after the rectal cancer being confirmed. The TNM staging and adjacent structural invasions including circumferential resection margin (CRM), extramural vascular invasion (EMVI), anal sphincter complex involvement were evaluated by 18F-FDG PET/CT and conventional imaging modalities separately or in combination, and those results based on imaging were compared with the pathological results or clinical follow-up results. χ2 test was used to compare the differences of diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy between the 18F-FDG PET/CT or conventional imaging modalities and combined examination. Results:The accuracy for T staging and the sensitivity and accuracy for N staging of the combined examination were 96.30%(52/54), 98.65%(73/74) and 93.91%(185/197), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of 18F-FDG PET/CT (85.19%(46/54), 66.22%(49/74), 81.73%(161/197); χ2 values: 3.97, 26.88, 13.66, all P<0.05). The specificity (91.06%, 112/123) and accuracy of the combined examination for N staging were higher than those of the conventional imaging modalities (77.24%(95/123), 83.76%(165/197); χ2 values: 8.81, 10.23, both P<0.05). The sensitivity and accuracy of the combined examination for M staging were higher than those of the conventional imaging modalities (97.01%(65/67) vs 73.13%(49/67), 95.95%(71/74) vs 68.92%(51/74); χ2 values: 15.05, 18.66, both P<0.001). The sensitivities of the combined examination in evaluating CRM and EMVI were 100%(22/22) and 95.00%(19/20), and the accuracies were 98.15%(53/54) and 96.30%(52/54), all of which were higher than those of 18F-FDG PET/CT (CRM: 54.55%(12/22), 74.07%(40/54); EVMI: 30.00%(6/20), 74.07%(40/54); χ2 values: 12.94, 13.08, 18.03, 10.56, all P<0.01). The accuracy of the combined examination in evaluating EMVI was higher than that of the conventional imaging modalities (85.19%(46/54); χ2=3.97, P=0.046). Conclusion:18F-FDG PET/CT combined with conventional imaging modalities can improve the diagnostic efficacy for TNM staging and assessment of adjacent structural invasion in rectal cancer.

Objective To explore the role of exogenous recombinant human annexin A6(rhANX A6) intervention in early plasma membrane repair of skeletal muscles in mice with eccentric motion injury.Methods Fifty-six 8-week-old C57 male mice were randomly divided into a resting control group(C,n=8),an exercise+PBS injection group(EP,n=24) and an exercise+rhANX A6 injection group(ER,n=24).Two hours before the exercise,both EP and ER groups were injected 1 × PBS buffer and rhANX A6(0.8 mg/kg) intraperitoneally,respectively.Both EP and ER groups underwent a 60-min downhill centrifugal running on the running platform of 15° slope,with an initial speed of 5 m/min,increased by 1 m/min up to 17 m/min.At 2 h,6 h and 12 h after exercise,8 mice were executed to collect samples.The serum creatine kinase(CK) levels were detected using enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay,while the positive area of Xin actin-binding repeat-containing protein (XIRP),the co-localization of annexin A6(ANX A6),annexin A1 (ANX A1) and annexin A2(ANX A2),as well as the pore size of plasma membrane repair mediated by ANX A6 were observed using immunofluores-cence.Results Compared with group C,a significant increase was observed in the average serum CK level at all sampling points in EP group and 12 h after exercise in ER group(P<0.01),with that of EP group significantly higher than ER group at all sampling points(P<0.05).Moreover,the percentag-es of Xirp staining positive area in EP group and ER group were significantly higher group C at all time points(P<0.05),with that of EP group 2 h and 12 h after exercise significantly higher than ER group(P<0.01).Meanwhile,the co-localization coefficients of ANX A6 and A1 increased significantly at all sampling points in both EP and ER groups(P<0.01),with those of EP group 6 h and 12 h af-ter exercise significantly higher than ER group(P<0.01).What's more,compared with group C,the co-localization fluorescence points of ANX A6 with A1 or A2 of EP group at all times and of ER group 6 h and 12 h after exercise increased significantly,with those of EP group 6 h and 12 h after exercise significantly higher than ER group(P<0.01).At 6 h after eccentric exercise injury,ANX A1 and A2 were mainly involved in ANX A6-mediated plasma membrane repair of a'large wound' of about 10 μm.Conclusion Exogenous rhANX A6 injected 2 h before exercise significantly promotes the early-stage repair of plasma membrane damage in skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise and has a positive effect on the formation of micron-sized'patches'.