Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of measles cases in the measles elimination stage and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention, control, diagnosis and treatment of measles. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the clinical characteristics of 442 confirmed measles cases in Hebei Province from 2018 to 2020. Results Among the 442 measles cases, the main symptoms were rash (96.61%), fever (90.50%), cough (56.11%), and Koplik spots (30.09%). Complications were mainly pneumonia (12.22%). There were significant differences in symptoms among different age groups (P < 0.05). The incidence of symptoms in children under 5 years old (except cough) was higher than that in other age groups. Immunization history had no significant impact on the symptoms of fever and rash (P > 0.05), but the incidence of symptoms such as cough, conjunctivitis, Koplik's spots and catarrhal rhinitis in the immunized group was lower than that in the non-immunized group (P < 0.05). The group with an interval of 0 days from fever to rash was the largest, and the proportion of people with an immunization history in the 0-day group (68.06%) was significantly higher than that in the 3-4-day group (49.44%) (P < 0.05). Pneumonia complications were mainly concentrated in children under 5 years old (87.03%), and most of the cases had a 0-dose immunization history (81.48%). Conclusion In the measles elimination stage, the incidence of fever and rash in cases is relatively high, while the incidence of Koplik spots is relatively low. The symptoms are more obvious in the younger age group. Vaccination can reduce the incidence of specific symptoms. The change in the time of rash appearance suggests that the diagnosis and treatment plan need to be adjusted. This study provides key data support for the formulation of measles prevention, control and treatment strategies.

ObjectiveTo investigate the intervention mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine Number 2 Feibi recipe （N2FBR） in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis （IPF）， focusing on its effects on endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress， apoptosis， stemness maintenance， and regenerative capacity of alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells （AT2 cells）， and to validate the modern translational pathway of the theory of "deficiency of Zong Qi leading to pulmonary atelectasis and atrophy". MethodsA mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was induced by bleomycin （BLM）. Mice were randomly divided into blank control， model， low-， and high-dose N2FBR intervention groups （9.1， 18.2 g·kg^-1）， and prednisolone intervention group （6.5 mg·kg^-1）. Pulmonary histopathological changes and collagen deposition were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and Masson's trichrome staining. Hydroxyproline （HYP） content was measured by the alkaline hydrolysis method. Lung coefficient and pulmonary function parameters were evaluated. The mRNA expression levels of fibrosis-related factors， including collagen type Ⅰ alpha 1 chain （ColIa1）， alpha-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 （Timp1）， were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. Cell apoptosis was assessed using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling （TUNEL） assay. Apoptosis of AT2 cells was further evaluated by double immunofluorescence staining for surfactant protein C （SPC） and cysteine-aspartic protease-3 （Caspase-3）. Endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress in AT2 cells was examined by double staining for SPC and protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase （PERK）. Ultrastructural changes of ER and lamellar bodies in AT2 cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The expression levels of key proteins involved in ER stress and apoptosis pathways， including PERK， activating transcription factor 4 （ATF4）， and Caspase-3， were detected by Western blot. Double immunofluorescence staining of SPC and Ki-67 antigen （Ki-67） was performed to evaluate the proliferative capacity of AT2 cells. Lineage tracing technology （labeling AT2 cells with GFP） combined with Krt8 labeling was used to evaluate intermediate differentiation states， and morphological transformation of AT2 cells into alveolar type Ⅰ epithelial cells （AT1） was observed. ResultsBLM-induced mice exhibited significant structural disruption of lung tissue， increased collagen deposition， elevated lung coefficient， decreased pulmonary function， and upregulation of fibrosis-related factors （P<0.01）. High-dose N2FBR treatment significantly ameliorated lung tissue damage and dysfunction， significantly reduced HYP content （P<0.01）， and significantly downregulated ColIa1， α-SMA， and Timp1 expression （P<0.01）. Apoptosis analysis showed increased TUNEL-positive and Caspase-3-positive AT2 cells in the model group， which was significantly reduced by high-dose N2FBR treatment. TEM revealed swollen ER structures in AT2 cells of the model group， which tended to return to normal following treatment. PERK protein staining analysis showed evident ER stress in AT2 cells of the model group， which were markedly alleviated in the treatment group. The expression levels of ER stress-related proteins PERK and ATF4， as well as the apoptosis-related protein Caspase-3， were elevated in the model group and significantly reduced after treatment. TEM also revealed disrupted lamellar body structures in the model group， which tended to recover in the treatment group. Regarding the proliferative capacity of AT2 cells， the proportion of Ki-67⁺SPC⁺ AT2 cells significantly increased in the treatment group （P<0.01）. Lineage tracing showed that the proportion of keratin 8-positive green fluorescent protein-positive （Krt8⁺GFP⁺） cells increased in the model group， indicating differentiation arrest. This proportion was significantly reduced in the treatment group， and the morphology of GFP⁺ cells exhibited a flattened， extended shape， suggesting restored differentiation toward AT1 cells. ConclusionN2FBR alleviates ER stress in AT2 cells， reduces AT2 cell apoptosis， restores lamellar body structure and function， enhances proliferation activity， and alleviates differentiation arrest to promote differentiation into AT1 cells， thereby repairing the alveolar epithelium and effectively blocking the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Its traditional Chinese medicine mechanism of "replenishing Zong Qi， harmonizing Qi and blood， and unblocking pulmonary meridians" closely aligns with the modern regulatory pathway of AT2 stem cells， providing a novel theoretical basis and experimental evidence for the intervention of IPF with traditional Chinese medicine.

ObjectiveTo investigate the intervention mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine Number 2 Feibi recipe （N2FBR） in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis （IPF）， focusing on its effects on endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress， apoptosis， stemness maintenance， and regenerative capacity of alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells （AT2 cells）， and to validate the modern translational pathway of the theory of "deficiency of Zong Qi leading to pulmonary atelectasis and atrophy". MethodsA mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was induced by bleomycin （BLM）. Mice were randomly divided into blank control， model， low-， and high-dose N2FBR intervention groups （9.1， 18.2 g·kg^-1）， and prednisolone intervention group （6.5 mg·kg^-1）. Pulmonary histopathological changes and collagen deposition were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and Masson's trichrome staining. Hydroxyproline （HYP） content was measured by the alkaline hydrolysis method. Lung coefficient and pulmonary function parameters were evaluated. The mRNA expression levels of fibrosis-related factors， including collagen type Ⅰ alpha 1 chain （ColIa1）， alpha-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 （Timp1）， were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. Cell apoptosis was assessed using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling （TUNEL） assay. Apoptosis of AT2 cells was further evaluated by double immunofluorescence staining for surfactant protein C （SPC） and cysteine-aspartic protease-3 （Caspase-3）. Endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress in AT2 cells was examined by double staining for SPC and protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase （PERK）. Ultrastructural changes of ER and lamellar bodies in AT2 cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The expression levels of key proteins involved in ER stress and apoptosis pathways， including PERK， activating transcription factor 4 （ATF4）， and Caspase-3， were detected by Western blot. Double immunofluorescence staining of SPC and Ki-67 antigen （Ki-67） was performed to evaluate the proliferative capacity of AT2 cells. Lineage tracing technology （labeling AT2 cells with GFP） combined with Krt8 labeling was used to evaluate intermediate differentiation states， and morphological transformation of AT2 cells into alveolar type Ⅰ epithelial cells （AT1） was observed. ResultsBLM-induced mice exhibited significant structural disruption of lung tissue， increased collagen deposition， elevated lung coefficient， decreased pulmonary function， and upregulation of fibrosis-related factors （P<0.01）. High-dose N2FBR treatment significantly ameliorated lung tissue damage and dysfunction， significantly reduced HYP content （P<0.01）， and significantly downregulated ColIa1， α-SMA， and Timp1 expression （P<0.01）. Apoptosis analysis showed increased TUNEL-positive and Caspase-3-positive AT2 cells in the model group， which was significantly reduced by high-dose N2FBR treatment. TEM revealed swollen ER structures in AT2 cells of the model group， which tended to return to normal following treatment. PERK protein staining analysis showed evident ER stress in AT2 cells of the model group， which were markedly alleviated in the treatment group. The expression levels of ER stress-related proteins PERK and ATF4， as well as the apoptosis-related protein Caspase-3， were elevated in the model group and significantly reduced after treatment. TEM also revealed disrupted lamellar body structures in the model group， which tended to recover in the treatment group. Regarding the proliferative capacity of AT2 cells， the proportion of Ki-67⁺SPC⁺ AT2 cells significantly increased in the treatment group （P<0.01）. Lineage tracing showed that the proportion of keratin 8-positive green fluorescent protein-positive （Krt8⁺GFP⁺） cells increased in the model group， indicating differentiation arrest. This proportion was significantly reduced in the treatment group， and the morphology of GFP⁺ cells exhibited a flattened， extended shape， suggesting restored differentiation toward AT1 cells. ConclusionN2FBR alleviates ER stress in AT2 cells， reduces AT2 cell apoptosis， restores lamellar body structure and function， enhances proliferation activity， and alleviates differentiation arrest to promote differentiation into AT1 cells， thereby repairing the alveolar epithelium and effectively blocking the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Its traditional Chinese medicine mechanism of "replenishing Zong Qi， harmonizing Qi and blood， and unblocking pulmonary meridians" closely aligns with the modern regulatory pathway of AT2 stem cells， providing a novel theoretical basis and experimental evidence for the intervention of IPF with traditional Chinese medicine.

BACKGROUND:Research has found that human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells have certain therapeutic effects on thin endometrium.However,there are currently no reports on the study of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells on thin endometrium,and there is a lack of relevant research comparing the three.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects and mechanisms of human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma,monocytes,and mesenchymal stem cells in repairing thin endometrium in rats.METHODS:Sixty female SPF grade SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group,human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group,and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group,with 12 rats in each group.The sham operation group received 0.5 mL physiological saline injection into the uterine horn,followed by 0.5 mL of PBS infusion after 5 minutes;The model group,human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group,human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group,and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group were injected with 0.5 mL of 95％ethanol by volume.After 5 minutes,the remaining ethanol was aspirated and washed twice with physiological saline.Then,0.5 mL of PBS,human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma,human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells(1×107 cells/mL),and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells(1×107 cells/mL)were perfused separately.During the third normal estrus cycle after reperfusion,organs,tissues and serum were collected for testing of relevant indicators.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The macroscopic view of uterine tissue,hematoxylin eosin staining and Masson staining results:the sham operation group had intact structure,moderate endometrial thickness,and clear vascular structure.Compared with the sham operation group,the model group showed uterine atrophy,incomplete structure,significantly reduced endometrial thickness and glandular quantity,disordered vascular structure,and increased fibrosis.Compared with the model group,after treatment with human umbilical cord blood derivatives,the size,structure,and endometrial thickness of the uterus were restored(all P＜0.01),and fibrosis was reduced,with the most significant recovery observed in the human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group.The increase in glandular quantity was most significant in the human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group(P＜0.000 1).(2)The immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence results of uterine tissue showed that compared with the sham operation group,the expression levels of cell proliferation related indicators such as keratin 9 and vimentin,endometrial receptivity related indicators such as leukemia inhibitory factor and integrin αyβ3,platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule,basic fibroblast growth factor,and vascular endothelial growth factor were all reduced in the model group(all P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the above indicators were significantly increased after treatment with human umbilical cord blood derivatives.Comparison of human umbilical cord blood derivatives among groups showed that keratin 9 and vascular endothelial growth factor protein:human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group＞human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group＞human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group;Wave shaped protein and leukemia inhibitory factor protein:human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group＞human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group＞human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group;Integrin αyβ3 protein:human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group＞human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group＞human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group;Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule protein:human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group＞human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group＞human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group;Basic fibroblast growth factor protein:human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group＞human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group＞human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group.(3)Western blot analysis showed that compared with the sham operation group,the protein levels of interleukin-6,interleukin-1β,and tumor necrosis factor alpha in the model group were significantly increased(all P＜0.001),and their expression levels decreased after treatment(all P＜0.05).(4)ELISA assay showed that compared with the sham operation group,the model group had lower levels of anti Mullerian hormone,estradiol,and progesterone,and increased levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone(except for luteinizing hormone,all P＜0.05).After treatment,there was a certain degree of recovery in the levels of sex hormones and anti Mullerian hormones.(5)Fertility experiments showed that compared with the sham operation group,the model group had an increase in conception time and a significant decrease in litter size(all P＜0.05).After treatment with human umbilical cord blood derivatives,the litter size of all three groups increased(P＜0.05),and no significant differences were found between the groups.This study preliminarily reveals that human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells have a certain therapeutic effect on thin endometrium,and human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma,human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells,and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells have different advantages and differences in improving endometrial regeneration function,endometrial receptivity,angiogenesis,inflammation regulation,and improving pregnancy outcomes in thin endometrium.

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a local dengue fever cluster outbreak in Qingpu District of Shanghai in 2024, and to provide a reference for subsequent dengue fever prevention and control. MethodsSeven confirmed local dengue fever cases reported through the National Notifiable Infectious Diseases Surveillance System in Qingpu District of Shanghai in 2024 were selected as the research subjects. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to conduct investigation and analysis from the aspects of onset, medical treatment and reporting, clinical symptoms, travel and contact history within 15 days before onset, and activity trajectories. ResultsA total of 7 cases were identified in this outbreak. None of the cases had a travel history to dengue-endemic areas within 15 days prior to onset, while all had shared exposure environments and mosquito bite histories, indicating a local clustered transmission pattern. The main clinical manifestations included fever (100.00%) and myalgia (42.86%). All 7 cases were positive for dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) by nucleic acid testing. Genetic sequencing showed that the virus strains belonged to the Cosmopolitan genotype and were most closely related to the epidemic DENV strains circulating in southern China in recent years. ConclusionThis outbreak might be a local secondary infection caused by the short-term stay of dengue fever-infected individuals, and the possible source of importation was dengue fever endemic areas in southern China.

BACKGROUND:Research has found that human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells have certain therapeutic effects on thin endometrium.However,there are currently no reports on the study of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells on thin endometrium,and there is a lack of relevant research comparing the three.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects and mechanisms of human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma,monocytes,and mesenchymal stem cells in repairing thin endometrium in rats.METHODS:Sixty female SPF grade SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group,human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group,and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group,with 12 rats in each group.The sham operation group received 0.5 mL physiological saline injection into the uterine horn,followed by 0.5 mL of PBS infusion after 5 minutes;The model group,human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group,human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group,and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group were injected with 0.5 mL of 95％ethanol by volume.After 5 minutes,the remaining ethanol was aspirated and washed twice with physiological saline.Then,0.5 mL of PBS,human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma,human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells(1×107 cells/mL),and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells(1×107 cells/mL)were perfused separately.During the third normal estrus cycle after reperfusion,organs,tissues and serum were collected for testing of relevant indicators.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The macroscopic view of uterine tissue,hematoxylin eosin staining and Masson staining results:the sham operation group had intact structure,moderate endometrial thickness,and clear vascular structure.Compared with the sham operation group,the model group showed uterine atrophy,incomplete structure,significantly reduced endometrial thickness and glandular quantity,disordered vascular structure,and increased fibrosis.Compared with the model group,after treatment with human umbilical cord blood derivatives,the size,structure,and endometrial thickness of the uterus were restored(all P＜0.01),and fibrosis was reduced,with the most significant recovery observed in the human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group.The increase in glandular quantity was most significant in the human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group(P＜0.000 1).(2)The immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence results of uterine tissue showed that compared with the sham operation group,the expression levels of cell proliferation related indicators such as keratin 9 and vimentin,endometrial receptivity related indicators such as leukemia inhibitory factor and integrin αyβ3,platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule,basic fibroblast growth factor,and vascular endothelial growth factor were all reduced in the model group(all P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the above indicators were significantly increased after treatment with human umbilical cord blood derivatives.Comparison of human umbilical cord blood derivatives among groups showed that keratin 9 and vascular endothelial growth factor protein:human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group＞human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group＞human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group;Wave shaped protein and leukemia inhibitory factor protein:human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group＞human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group＞human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group;Integrin αyβ3 protein:human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group＞human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group＞human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group;Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule protein:human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group＞human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group＞human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group;Basic fibroblast growth factor protein:human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group＞human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group＞human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group.(3)Western blot analysis showed that compared with the sham operation group,the protein levels of interleukin-6,interleukin-1β,and tumor necrosis factor alpha in the model group were significantly increased(all P＜0.001),and their expression levels decreased after treatment(all P＜0.05).(4)ELISA assay showed that compared with the sham operation group,the model group had lower levels of anti Mullerian hormone,estradiol,and progesterone,and increased levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone(except for luteinizing hormone,all P＜0.05).After treatment,there was a certain degree of recovery in the levels of sex hormones and anti Mullerian hormones.(5)Fertility experiments showed that compared with the sham operation group,the model group had an increase in conception time and a significant decrease in litter size(all P＜0.05).After treatment with human umbilical cord blood derivatives,the litter size of all three groups increased(P＜0.05),and no significant differences were found between the groups.This study preliminarily reveals that human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells have a certain therapeutic effect on thin endometrium,and human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma,human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells,and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells have different advantages and differences in improving endometrial regeneration function,endometrial receptivity,angiogenesis,inflammation regulation,and improving pregnancy outcomes in thin endometrium.

ObjectiveBased on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbital trap-linear ion-trap mass spectrometry（UPLC-Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid-MS）， the plasma concentration of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ was determined at different time points after oral administration， and its pharmacokinetic characteristics in normal rats and rats with acute kidney injury were compared. MethodsRats were randomly divided into normal group and model group， the model group received intraperitoneal cisplatin（10 mg·kg^-1） to establish the acute kidney injury model， the normal group was given the same volume of saline. After successful modeling， rats in the normal and model groups were randomly divided into the normal low， medium and high dose groups（2.5， 5， 7.5 mg·kg^-1） and the model low， medium and high dose groups（2.5， 5， 7.5 mg·kg^-1）， 6 rats in each group， and the plasma was collected at different time points after receiving the corresponding dose of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ. Then， the concentration of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ in rat plasma was determined by UPLC-Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid-MS， and the drug-time curve was poltted. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by Kinetica 5.1 software， and the differences in pharmacokinetic parameters between different administration groups were compared by independent sample t-test with SPSS 22.0. ResultsThe pharmacokinetic results showed that after receiving the different doses of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ， its concentration increased first and then decreased， and all of them reached the maximum plasma concentration at about 0.5 h. The area under the curve（AUC_0-t） and mean retention time（MRT_0-t） of normal and model rats increased with the increased dose， and the clearance（CL） decreased with the increasing dose. Compared with the normal group， the AUC_0-t was significantly increased（P<0.01）， peak concentration（C_max） and CL decreased in model rats at different doses， indicating that the physiological state of the rats could affect the absorption and elimination of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ in vivo. ConclusionThe pharmacokinetic characteristics of ziyuglycoside Ⅰ are quite different in normal rats and acute kidney injury model rats， which may be due to the change of the body environment in the pathological state， then lead to changes in absorption and metabolic processes.

Objective To analyze the operation of Measles Surveillance System (MSS) in Hebei Province, and to provide evidence for measles elimination. Methods Measles surveillance data was collected from the MSS from 2020 to 2023, and a modified weighted technology for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method was used to evaluate the surveillance indexes of measles in Hebei Province. Results The operation quality of the measles surveillance system in Hebei Province was improved year by year, with the highest quality in 2023, and all the indicators reached the monitoring program standards. The quality of measles surveillance system was not balanced among cities, and the main influencing factor was the substandard sensitivity indicators. The quality of measles surveillance system was the highest in Baoding City and the lowest in Zhangjiakou City. Conclusion The measles surveillance system in Hebei province is running well, and the sensitivity of the surveillance system should be improved to keep the high-quality operation of the surveillance system.

Objective It analyzes the current research status of the"one hospital with multiple campuses"construc-tion in public hospitals in China,focuses on research hotspots and evolution trends,and provides references for the research on"one hospital with multiple campuses"in public hospitals.Methods Using CiteSpace 6.3.R1 software,a visual analysis was conducted on 323 academic journal articles related to"one hospital with multiple campuses"in public hospitals from CNKI from 2014 to 2024.Results Over the past decade,the number of publications in this field has shown an overall upward trend;a core author group has initially formed but the density of the collaboration net-work is low;the institutions with the highest number of publications are mainly healthcare institutions and universi-ties;High-frequency keywords include public hospitals,homogenization,financial management,etc;research hot-spots generally show a trend from foundational construction to system integration,from extensive expansion to re-fined internal management,and from single-factor optimization to technology empowerment and multidimensional integration.Conclusion The research on the"one hospital with multiple campuses"construction of public hospitals in our country is clearly driven by policy,with research efforts distributed in a dual-core structure of"medical institu-tions-universities".However,interdisciplinary collaboration needs to be strengthened.Future research can focus on areas such as healthcare professionals,medical quality,the integration of business and finance systems,and inno-vation in emergency management mechanisms,providing support for the high-quality development of public hospi-tals with"one hospital with multiple campuses".

As another major measure to accelerate the pace of medical and health system reform and benefit people's health,"one hospital with multiple campuses"has important practical significance for building a high-quality and efficient medical and health service system.How to achieve standardized,high-quality and sustainable multi hospital development,collaborative governance is the key.Based on the perspective of collaborative governance,through the analysis of the difficulties in the construction of"one hospital with multiple campuses",it is found that the positioning of"one hospital with multiple campuses"remains to be clarified,the cost-benefit balance is under pressure,and the collaborative management efficiency is insufficient.It is proposed that the party's leadership should be strengthened,the government's leading responsibility should be implemented,the institutional setting should be strictly standardized,the development scale should be reasonably controlled,the functional positioning objectives should be clear,the dislocation collaborative development should be promoted,the unified operation system should be improved,the management efficiency level should be improved,the talent recruitment mechanism should be optimized,the training and development system and the quality control system should be improved,the medical homogeneous development should be promoted,and the"three relationships"should be comprehensively grasped.