Objective:To investigate the current situation and changing trends of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis (coal-burning-borne fluorosis) areas in Henan Province, and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures.Methods:From 2019 to 2021, monitoring was carried out in all villages affected by coal-burning-borne fluorosis in Henan Province. A simple random sampling method was used to select 30 households in each affected village each year to investigate the use of stoves and the formation of related healthy living behaviors. According to the criteria of "Diagnosis of Dental Fluorosis" (WS/T 208-2011), all children aged 8 to 12 in the affected villages were examined for dental fluorosis. The evaluation for control and elimination of the disease areas was carried out in accordance with the "Evaluation Approach for Control and Elimination of Priority Endemic Diseases (2019 Edition)".Results:From 2019 to 2021, a total of 7 472 households were monitored, the rate of qualified improved stoves were all ≥99.80%, the correct use rate of qualified improved stoves and correct drying of corn and pepper were reached 100%. From 2019 to 2021, the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children was 5.38% (237/4 405), 5.18% (232/4 477), and 3.68% (145/3 937), respectively, showing a declining trend (χ 2trend = 12.73, P < 0.001). The prevalence of dental fluorosis among children in affected villages was less than 15%. From 2019 to 2021, all affected villages in coal-burning-borne fluorosis in Henan Province had met the elimination criteria. Conclusion:Coal-burning-borne fluorosis areas in Henan Province have been continuously eliminated, with significant prevention and control effects, and the disease has been effectively controlled.

Objective:To investigate the current situation and changing trends of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis (coal-burning-borne fluorosis) areas in Henan Province, and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures.Methods:From 2019 to 2021, monitoring was carried out in all villages affected by coal-burning-borne fluorosis in Henan Province. A simple random sampling method was used to select 30 households in each affected village each year to investigate the use of stoves and the formation of related healthy living behaviors. According to the criteria of "Diagnosis of Dental Fluorosis" (WS/T 208-2011), all children aged 8 to 12 in the affected villages were examined for dental fluorosis. The evaluation for control and elimination of the disease areas was carried out in accordance with the "Evaluation Approach for Control and Elimination of Priority Endemic Diseases (2019 Edition)".Results:From 2019 to 2021, a total of 7 472 households were monitored, the rate of qualified improved stoves were all ≥99.80%, the correct use rate of qualified improved stoves and correct drying of corn and pepper were reached 100%. From 2019 to 2021, the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children was 5.38% (237/4 405), 5.18% (232/4 477), and 3.68% (145/3 937), respectively, showing a declining trend (χ 2trend = 12.73, P < 0.001). The prevalence of dental fluorosis among children in affected villages was less than 15%. From 2019 to 2021, all affected villages in coal-burning-borne fluorosis in Henan Province had met the elimination criteria. Conclusion:Coal-burning-borne fluorosis areas in Henan Province have been continuously eliminated, with significant prevention and control effects, and the disease has been effectively controlled.

Objective:To investigate the iodine nutritional status of children and the consumption condition of non-iodized salt in Henan Province after implementation of the new standard of "Definition and demarcation of water-borne iodine-excess areas and iodine-excess endemial areas" (GB/T 19380-2016, hereinafter referred to as new standard) for four years (2021), and to provide a basis for scientific adjustment of intervention strategies.Methods:In 2021, according to the requirements of the new standard and based on the results of the water iodine survey in Henan Province from 2017 to 2020, a survey was conducted on the iodine nutrition status of children in water-borne high iodine areas in 47 counties (cities, districts, hereinafter referred to as counties) with high iodine administrative village (neighborhood committee, hereinafter referred to as administrative village). In each county, 5 administrative villages with median water iodine > 100 μg/L were selected as the investigation villages, and water samples were collected to determine the water iodine value. Forty non-boarding students aged 8 - 10 (age balanced, half male and half female, age increased to 6 - 12 when less than 40) were selected from each village as investigation subjects. Salt samples from their homes and urine samples were collected to detect salt iodine and urine iodine content, and thyroid volume of children was measured. And the monitoring results of areas where the supply of iodized salt had been suspended for less than 4 years (in newly high iodine areas) and more than 10 years (in previously high iodine areas) were further compared and analyzed.Results:A total of 257 administrative villages in the province were monitored, and the range of water iodine was 1.6 - 609.5 μg/L, with a median of 132.5 μg/L. A total of 8 611 children were tested for salt iodine, urine iodine and thyroid volume. The non-iodized salt rate was 58.3% (5 017/8 611), and the median urine iodine was 342.2 μg/L, thyroid enlargement rate was 2.9% (250/8 611). The median water iodine (153.0 vs 118.4 μg/L), the median urine iodine in children (371.6 vs 287.7 μg/L) and the goiter rate [3.8% (211/5 537) vs 1.3% (39/3 074)] in the newly high iodine areas were higher than those in the previously high iodine areas, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z = 583.12, - 14.09, P < 0.001; χ 2 = 44.40, P < 0.001); the non-iodized salt rate was lower than that of the previously high iodine areas [37.2% (2 057/5 537) vs 96.3% (2 960/3 074)], and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 2 841.37, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The iodine nutrition level of children in water-borne high iodine areas of Henan Province in 2021 is at an excess level, but the non-iodized salt rate in residential households is low. We should make every effort to ensure the precise supply of non-iodized salt in high iodine areas after implementation of the new standard, and strengthen iodine nutrition monitoring and health education for key populations to prevent the occurrence of high iodine hazards.

Objective To generate and identify the Itgbl1(integrin beta-like)promoter-driven Cre knock-in mouse line.Methods Itgbll-Cre knock-in mice were generated using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)gene editing.The Itgbl1-Cre mice were crossed with the Cre reporter ROSALSL-tdTomato)mice to detect the expression profile of Cre activity.The tdTomato expression pattern across tissues and cell-specific markers were used to identify the cell types of Itgbl1-expressing cells and their progeny.Results and Conclusion tdTomato was specifically expressed in mucous acinar cells of the sublingual gland,pancreatic islet cells,and gastric endocrine cells.In addition,tdTomato expression was also found in some of the neurons of the retina and brain,as well as in a few cells in the serosal layer of the intestine,articular cartilage,periosteum,and bone marrow.The first Itgbl1-Cre recombinase transgenic mouse line was established,which can specifically label the mucous acinar cells of the sublingual gland.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of negative pressure suction curettage combined with InMode diamond carving in the treatment of axillary osmidrosis.Methods:A total of 200 patients with bromhidrosis, 89 males and 111 females, aged (27.85±7.98) years, were prospectively included in the study from February 2022 to February 2023 in Huamei Zixin Medical Cosmetology Hospital in Sichuan Province. According to different treatment methods, the patients were divided into 2 groups with 100 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group received negative pressure suction curettage, and the experimental group received combination with InMode diamond carving. After follow-up for one year, the efficacy, recurrence rate and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:In the experimental group, 94 cases were cured, 6 cases were effective, 0 cases were ineffective; the effective rate was 100% (100/100). In the control group, 90 cases were cured, 5 cases were effective and 5 cases were ineffective; the effective rate was 95% (95/100). The effective rate of experimental group was higher than that of control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=5.128, P=0.024). In the experimental group, no cases relapsed, and the recurrence rate was 0. In the control group, 5 cases relapsed, and the recurrence rate was 5.3% (5/95). The recurrence rate of experimental group was lower than that of control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=5.390, P=0.020) In control group, 5 cases of subcutaneous hematoma, 1 case of scar contracture, 7 cases of scar hyperplasia, and 1 case of skin necrosis occurred; the incidence of adverse reactions was 14.0% (14/100). In the experimental group, 2 cases of subcutaneous hematoma, 5 cases of scar contracture and 5 cases of scar hyperplasia occurred; the incidence of adverse reactions was 12.0% (12/100). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions between the two groups (χ 2 = 0.177, P=0.674). Conclusions:Negative pressure suction curettage combined with InMode diamond carving has better curative effect and lower recurrence rate in the treatment of axillary osmidrosis.

Objective:To compare iodine nutritional status of different populations consuming iodized salt and non-iodized salt in iodine adequate areas, and to provide a basis for formulating iodine supplementation strategies.Methods:In October 2021, Luyi County in Henan Province was selected as an iodine adequate area consuming iodized salt, while Ningling County was selected as an iodine adequate area consuming non-iodized salt. Stratified by water iodine (50 - 59, 60 - 69, 70 - 79, 80 - 89, 90 - 100 μg/L), one village was selected from each layer. One hundred children aged 8 - 10, one hundred adults, and 20 pregnant women were selected from each village to collect their urine and salt samples for testing salt and urinary iodine, and their thyroid gland was measured by ultrasound.Results:A total of 600 salt samples in Luyi County were collected, with the coverage rate of iodized salt (99.8%, 599/600) and the consuming rate of qualified iodized salt (95.5%, 573/600). A total of 1 008 salt samples in Ningling County were collected, with the rate of non-iodized salt (93.8%, 946/1 008). The median urinary iodine of children in Luyi County ( n = 240) was higher than that in Ningling County ( n = 468, 305.0 vs 232.0 μg/L, Z = - 8.10, P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in median urinary iodine between pregnant women in Luyi County ( n = 120) and Ningling County ( n = 53, 240.0 vs 236.0 μg/L, Z = - 1.02, P = 0.306). The median urinary iodine of adults in Luyi County ( n = 238) was higher than that in Ningling County ( n = 486, 289.0 vs 178.5 μg/L, Z = - 11.14, P < 0.001). Children's urinary iodine ( r s = 0.21, P = 0.001) in Luyi County and adults' urinary iodine ( r s = 0.17, P < 0001) in Ningling County were positively correlated with water iodine. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of thyroid enlargement in children between Luyi County (0.8%, 2/240) and Ningling County (0.4%, 2/468, χ 2 = 0.80, P = 0.586), but the incidence of thyroid nodules in children in Luyi County (11.2%, 27/240) was higher than that in Ningling County (1.7%, 8/468, χ 2 = 27.36, P < 0.001). The incidence of thyroid nodules in pregnant women in Luyi County (23.3%, 28/120) was lower than that in Ningling County (46.5%, 33/71, χ 2 = 10.99, P = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adult thyroid nodules between Luyi County and Ningling County (χ 2 = 0.86, P = 0.354), with a ratio of 29.6% (71/240) to 32.9% (160/486). Conclusions:Providing population with non-iodized salt in iodine adequate areas, the overall iodine nutrition is at an appropriate level. However, children consuming iodized salt in iodine adequate areas have high level of iodine nutrition, and it is necessary to consider supplying non-iodized salt or reducing the concentration of iodized salt. Pregnant women in iodine adequate area should maintain the current policy of supplying iodized salt unchanged.

Objective:To investigate the iodine nutritional status of key populations in iodine adequate areas in Henan Province, and provide a basis for timely adoption of targeted prevention and control measures and scientific formulation of iodine supplementation strategies in iodine adequate areas.Methods:From March to September 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 60 iodine adequate counties (cities, districts) in 13 provincial-level cities in Henan Province. Administrative villages with a median water iodine level of 40 - 100 μg/L within each county (city, district) were stratified by water iodine value (40 - 49, 50 - 59, 60 - 69, 70 - 79, 80 - 89, 90 - 100 μg/L). One administrative village was selected from each water iodine layer, and 40 non boarding students aged 8 - 10 years old (age balanced, half male and half female) and 20 pregnant women were selected from each administrative village to collect their household edible salt samples and once random urine sample for test salt iodine and urinary iodine contents; and the thyroid volume of children was measured.Results:A total of 12 203 samples of household edible salt were collected from children aged 8 - 10 years old, with a median salt iodine of 24.5 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 85.3% (10 414/12 203), and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 77.1% (9 406/12 203). A total of 3 999 samples of household edible salt were collected from pregnant women, with a median salt iodine of 24.0 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 84.2% (3 366/3 999), and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 74.5% (2 981/3 999). A total of 12 241 urine samples from children aged 8 - 10 years old were collected, with a median urinary iodine of 290.4 μg/L. A total of 4 084 urine samples from pregnant women were collectedd, with a median urinary iodine of 233.0 μg/L. The thyroid volume of 11 971 children was examined, and the rate of goiter was 2.1% (257/11 971). Stratified by water iodine content, the median urinary iodine levels of children in 40 - 59, 60 - 79, and 80 - 100 μg/L water iodine groups were 269.7, 298.0 and 308.0 μg/L, respectively, with a statistically significant difference between the groups ( H = 67.32, P < 0.001). The goiter rates of children were 2.2% (100/4 603), 2.1% (80/3 733), 2.1% (77/3 635), respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the groups (χ 2 = 0.03, P = 0.986). The median urinary iodine levels of pregnant women were 225.4, 243.1, 234.4 μg/L, respectively, with a statistically significant difference between the groups ( H = 10.96, P = 0.004). Conclusions:The iodine nutrition level of children in iodine adequate areas in Henan Province is at an excessively suitable level, and pregnant women's iodine nutrition is at an appropriate level. It is recommended to strengthen surveillance on the basis of maintaining current prevention and control measures, and adjust prevention and control measures in a timely manner according to changes in iodine nutrition in the population.

Objective To investigate the effect of Sanshentongmai(SSTM)mixture on the regulation of oxidative damage to rat cardiomyocytes(H9C2)through microRNA-146a and its mechanism.Methods H9C2 were cultured in vitro,H2O2 was used as an oxidant to create an oxidative damage model in H9C2 cells.SSTM intervention was administered to the H9C2 cells.Then,the changes in H2O2-induced oxidative damage in H9C2 cells and the expression of microRNA-146a were observed to explore the protective effect of SSTM on H9C2 and its mechanism.H9C2 cells cultured in vitro were divided into 3 groups,including a control group,a model group of H2O2-induced oxidative damage(referred to hereafter as the model group),and a group given H2O2 modeling plus SSTM intervention at 500 μg/L for 72 h(referred to hereafter as the treatment group).The cell viability was measured by CCK8 assay.In addition,the levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(Nt-proBNP),nitric oxide(NO),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(Hs-CRP),and angiotensin were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The expression level of microRNA-146a was determined by real-time PCR(RT-PCR).Result H9C2 cells were pretreated with SSTM at mass concentrations ranging from 200 to 1 500 μg/L.Then,CCK8 assay was performed to measure cell viability and the findings showed that the improvement in cell proliferation reached its peak when the mass concentration of SSTM was 500 μg/L,which was subsequently used as the intervention concentration.ELISA was performed to measure the indicators related to heart failure,including Nt-proBNP,NO,Hs-CRP,and angiotensin Ⅱ.Compared with those of the control group,the expressions of Nt-proBNP and angiotensin Ⅱ in the treatment group were up-regulated(P<0.05),while the expression of NO was down-regulated(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of Hs-CRP between the treatment group and the control group.These findings indicate that SSTM could effectively ameliorate oxidative damage in H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes.Finally,according to the RT-PCR findings for the expression of microRNA-146a in each group,H2O2 treatment at 15 μmol/L could significantly reduce the expression of microRNA-146a,and the expression of microRNA-146a in the treatment group was nearly doubled compared with that in the model group.There was no significant difference between the treatment group and the control group.Conclusion SSTM can significantly resist the H2O2-induced oxidative damage of H9C2 cells and may play a myocardial protective role by upregulating microRNA-146a.

Objective: To investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of mechano-growth factor (MGF) on the proliferation and differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Methods: PDLSCs were obtained using magnetic bead sorting. Flow cytometry was performed to identify biomarkers. The clonogenicity and multidifferentiation potential of PDLSCs were identified by colony-forming unit, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation assays. A CCK8 assay was used to detect the cell activity under different concentrations of mechano-growth factors (MGF-Ct24E). Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), Scleraxis, collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1）, Osterix, Yes-associated protein (YAP) and phosphorylation Yes-associated protein (P-YAP）in PDLSCs. YAP protein expression was observed by immunofluorescence. Knockdown of YAP expression by a siRNA, detected the expression of PCNA, Scleraxis and COL1A1under MGF-Ct24E in PDLSCs. Results : PDLSCs showed high expression of stem cell markers (CD29, CD90 and CD105) and low expression of hematopoietic markers (CD34 and CD45). PDLSCs also have a strong ability to clone. Red calcium junctions were observed by Alizarin red staining, and red lipid droplets were observed by Oil red O staining. After treatment with 50 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL MGF-Ct24E for 24 h, the cell activity of periodontal ligament stem cells was significantly enhanced (P<0.05). The protein expression of PCNA, Scleraxis and COL1A1 was significantly upregulated, and the protein expression of Osterix was significantly downregulated (P<0.05). After treatment with 50 ng/mL mechano-growth factor for 24 h, the phosphorylation of YAP protein was significantly enhanced (P<0.05), and YAP protein was observed to accumulate in the nucleus by immunofluorescence. Following inhibition of YAP expression, PCNA and Scleraxis had significantly downregulated expression caused by MGF-Ct24E (P<0.05). Conclusion MGF promotes proliferation and fibrogenesis via upregulation of YAP activities.

Objective:To investigate the iodine nutritional status of children aged 8-10 years old and pregnant women in Henan Province.Methods:From March to September 2020, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 18 provincial-level cities and 9 directly administered counties (collectively referred to as provincial-level cities) and 155 counties (cities, districts) in Henan Province. One township was selected from each county (city, district) in five directions: east, west, south, north, and central. One primary school was selected from each township, and 40 non boarding children aged 8-10 years old (half male and half female) were selected from each primary school; 20 pregnant women were selected from each township. Home edible salt samples and once urine samples from children and pregnant women were collected, to detect salt iodine and urinary iodine levels. Thyroid volume of children in 1/3 of the monitored counties (cities, districts) under the jurisdiction of each provincial-level city was examined.Results:A total of 31 645 home edible salt samples were collected from children aged 8-10 years old, with a median salt iodine of 25.8 mg/kg, the iodine salt coverage rate was 97.8% (30 941/31 645) and qualified iodine salt consumption rate was 93.4% (29 545/31 645). A total of 15 234 home edible salt samples were collected from pregnant women, with a median salt iodine of 25.7 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 98.1% (14 937/15 234), and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 92.2% (14 040/15 234). A total of 31 642 urine samples from children aged 8-10 years old were tested, with a median urine iodine of 235.0 μg/L; 15 234 urine samples from pregnant women were tested, with a median urinary iodine of 196.5 μg/L. The thyroid volume of 13 792 children was examined, and the rate of goiter was 1.2% (165/13 792).Conclusions:Iodine nutrition of 8-10 years old children in Henan Province is at an over appropriate iodine level, and the prevalence of goiter is less than 5%. Pregnant women's iodine nutrition is at an appropriate iodine level.