ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a local dengue fever cluster outbreak in Qingpu District of Shanghai in 2024, and to provide a reference for subsequent dengue fever prevention and control. MethodsSeven confirmed local dengue fever cases reported through the National Notifiable Infectious Diseases Surveillance System in Qingpu District of Shanghai in 2024 were selected as the research subjects. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to conduct investigation and analysis from the aspects of onset, medical treatment and reporting, clinical symptoms, travel and contact history within 15 days before onset, and activity trajectories. ResultsA total of 7 cases were identified in this outbreak. None of the cases had a travel history to dengue-endemic areas within 15 days prior to onset, while all had shared exposure environments and mosquito bite histories, indicating a local clustered transmission pattern. The main clinical manifestations included fever (100.00%) and myalgia (42.86%). All 7 cases were positive for dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) by nucleic acid testing. Genetic sequencing showed that the virus strains belonged to the Cosmopolitan genotype and were most closely related to the epidemic DENV strains circulating in southern China in recent years. ConclusionThis outbreak might be a local secondary infection caused by the short-term stay of dengue fever-infected individuals, and the possible source of importation was dengue fever endemic areas in southern China.

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the supply and demand of RhD-negative red blood cell (RBC) components, explore the dynamic changes in clinical demand and application trends of RhD-negative RBC products, and provide evidence for optimizing the preparation and supply management of various RhD-negative RBCs products. Methods: The total supply of RBCs and the demand and supply of RhD-negative RBC products from 2021 to 2025 were retrieved from the information management system. The trend chi-square test was performed using SPSS 22.0 statistical software to analyze the annual supply rate and repeat reservation rate of RhD-negative RBC products. Meanwhile, the clinical transfusion indications for RhD-negative RBC products in 2025 were further analyzed. Results: From 2021 to 2025, the supply rate of RhD-negative RBC products gradually increased from 0.42% (1 904.5 U/448 787 U) to 0.48% (1945U/402088.5U), showing an upward trend across years (P<0.05). The actual demand and supply of RhD-negative RBC products remained balanced, while the repeat reservation rate increased significantly from 29.73% (804 U/2 704 U) to 43.62% (1 505 U/3 450 U), showing an upward trend year by year (P<0.05). Fresh RhD-negative RBC products accounted for 87.09% (8 270 U/9 495.5 U) of the total supply, while RhD-negative frozen RBC products accounted for 12.91% (1 225.5 U/9 495.5 U). In 2025, therapeutic transfusion, elective surgery (including obstetric transfusion), and emergency transfusion accounted for 55.40% (1 077.5 U/1 945 U), 38.56% (750 U/1 945 U), and 6.04% (117.5 U/1 945 U) of the total supply of RhD-negative RBC products, respectively. RhD-negative frozen RBC products accounted for 67.23% (79 U/117.5 U) of emergency use and 29.47% (221 U/750 U) of elective surgery (including obstetrics) use; fresh RhD-negative RBC suspensions accounted for 93.92% (1 012 U/1 077.5 U) of therapeutic use and 70.56% (529 U/750 U) of elective surgery (including obstetrics) use. In recent years, RhD-negative washed RBC products and concentrated washed RBC products have been introduced as new products, and their clinical utilization has shown an increasing trend. Conclusion: Despite a decline in total blood collection volume, the security management system of RhD-negative RBC components in Guangzhou Blood Center has functioned largely meeting clinical demand. Advances in hospital technology had led to the routine application of RhD-negative concentrated washed RBCs. It is recommended that concentrated washed RBCs should be standardized with a formal definition and corresponding national quality standards should be established.

This article presents a case study of a patient who visited the Geriatric Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital due to "palpitations, shortness of breath for more than 2 years, limb weakness for 6 months, edema, and nocturnal dyspnea for 2 months". The patient exhibited decreased muscle strength in the limbs and involvement of swallowing and respiratory muscles, alongside complications of heart failure and various arrhythmias which were predominantly atrial. Laboratory tests revealed the presence of multiple autoantibodies and notably anti-mitochondrial antibodies. Following a comprehensive multidisciplinary evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with anti-mitochondrial antibody-associated inflammatory myopathy. Treatment involved a combination of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants, along with resistance exercises for muscle strength and rehabilitation training for lung function, resulting in significant improvement of clinical symptoms. The case underscores the importance of collaborative multidisciplinary approaches in diagnosing and treating rare diseases in elderly patients, where careful consideration of clinical manifestations and subtle abnormal clinical data can lead to effective interventions.

With the continuous development of society, a large number of new chemicals are continuously emerging, which presents a challenge to current risk assessment and safety management of chemicals. Traditional toxicology research methods have certain limitations in quickly, efficiently, and accurately assessing the toxicity of many chemicals, and cannot meet the actual needs. In response to this challenge, computational toxicology that use mathematical and computer models to achieve the prediction of chemical toxicity has emerged. In the meantime, as researchers increasingly pay attention to understanding the interaction mechanisms between exogenous chemical substances and the body from the system level, and multiomics technologies develop rapidly such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, huge amounts of data have been generated, providing rich information resources for studying the interactions between chemical substances and biological molecules. System toxicology and network toxicology have also developed accordingly. Of these, network toxicology can integrate these multiomics data to construct biomolecular networks, and then quickly predict the key toxicological targets and pathways of chemicals at the molecular level. This paper outlined the concept and development of network toxicology, summarized the main methods and supporting tools of network toxicology research, expounded the application status of network toxicology in studying potential toxicity of exogenous chemicals such as agricultural chemicals, environmental pollutants, industrial chemicals, and foodborne chemicals, and analyzed the development prospects and limitations of network toxicology research. This paper aimed to provide a reference for the application of network toxicology in other fields.

ObjectiveTo understand the status of parasitic infection in the food sold on market in Qingpu District of Shanghai, and to provide an evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies for parasitic infection applicable to Qingpu District. MethodsAquatic products, meat products and other foodstuffs sold on online shops, at farm product markets, supermarkets/foodstores and restaurants were sampled in Qingpu District, Shanghai, during 2015‒2023, based on the administrative division of Qingpu District. The parasitic infection in the food samples were examined using pressing method and digestion for detecting metacercariae in freshwater products and pickled products, using dissection microscopy for Anisakis larvae in seawater products, Taenia cysticercus and Trichinella encysted larvae in meat products. ResultsA total of 1 079 samples of food products were examined during 2015‒2023, with a total parasite infection rate of 13.44%. The total parasite infection rate of freshwater fish products was 3.40% (16/471), and the difference of parasite infection rates between different freshwater fish species was statistically significant (χ²=229.609, P=0.001). The total infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis was 3.18% (15/471), which had been detected in Pseudorasbora parva, Cyprinidae rhodeus, and Carassius auratus, with a positive rate of 77.78% (7/9), 50.00% (5/10) and 3.90% (3/77), respectively. Metorchis orientalis was detected in in Pseudorasbora parva, with a positive rate of 33.33% (3/9). The positive rate of Gnathostoma spinigerum (third-stage larvae) was 0.81%. Paragonimus metacercariae were not detected in the freshwater shrimps and crabs. The infection rate of seawater fish products was 26.46%. The difference of parasite infection rate in seawater fishes was statistically significant (χ²=109.181, P=0.001). A total of 53 pork and beef samples were tested, none was detected with Trichinella larva cysts, Taenia solium metacercariae, and Taenia saginata metacercariae. The total infection rate of pickled yellow mud snail products was 58.11% (43/74). Paragonimus metacercariae was not detected in any of the pickled aquatic product samples. ConclusionThere are different degrees of parasitic infection in freshwater products, seawater products and pickled aquatic products in Qingpu District of Shanghai. The risk of parasite infection from raw or undercooked foods is high. Health education on healthy dietary practices such as throughly cooked food should be strengthened for local residents.

Objective:To investigate the molecular characteristics and clinical heterogeneity of Usher syndrome（USH） -related gene variants in patients with hereditary hearing loss in southwest China, providing a basis for early diagnosis and clinical management. Methods:Thirteen patients from twelve families with hearing loss who attended the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Kunming Medical University between January 2017 and March 2021 were enrolled. All patients were identified as carrying USH-related gene variants through next-generation sequencing. Sanger sequencing was performed for all patients and their parents to validate the pathogenic variants. Comprehensive clinical evaluations, including medical history collection, otologic and ophthalmologic examinations, and vestibular function assessments, were conducted. Results:Among the 13 patients, 4 were diagnosed with USH type 1 and 2 with USH type 2. A total of 19 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were detected in USH-related genes, including MYO7A,CDH23,USH1C, and USH2A. The causative gene was MYO7A in 3 probands, CDH23 in 5, USH1C in 3, and USH2Ain 2. All patients exhibited an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Vestibular dysfunction was observed in 4 patients, and retinitis pigmentosa（RP） in 3 patients. Based on the genotype-phenotype correlation, 6 patients were initially diagnosed with USH, while 7 were classified as having non-syndromic hearing loss（NSHL）. Conclusion:This study revealed the clinical heterogeneity of USH-related gene variants in patients with hereditary deafness in southwest China. Although the clinical manifestations of USH are complex and there are overlapping characteristics between different subtypes, genetic testing provides an important basis for early diagnosis and precise clinical management. Especially for those with typical hearing loss, early genetic diagnosis can provide a window of time for early detection and intervention of retinitis pigmentosa.
Humans ; Usher Syndromes/genetics* ; Myosin VIIa ; Phenotype ; Male ; Female ; Myosins/genetics* ; Mutation ; Cadherins/genetics* ; Child ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins/genetics* ; Adolescent ; Pedigree ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Cadherin Related Proteins ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; Cell Cycle Proteins

Objective To construction and investigate the application effect of auricular acupressure technology in patients with cough with different syndrome types.Methods From December 2022 to March 2023,the Delphi method was used to consult experts to form a technical scheme for auricular pressure in patients with cough with different syndrome types in the early and middle stages.122 patients with stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ lung cancer cough from the oncology department of 3 tertiary hospitals of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing between July 2023 to January 2024 were randomly divided into an experimental group(61 cases)and a control group(61 cases).The experimental group referred to the constructed auricular acupressure technique program to identify and take acupoints,and the control group used the original auricular acupressure program for 7 d of continuous intervention.The changes in the scores of the Visual Analog Scale(VAS)and the scores of The MD Anderson Symptom Inventory for lung cancer(MDASI-LC)were observed in the 2 groups before and after the intervention.Results The final scheme included 3 first-level items,12 second-level items,and 14 third-level items.The 2 rounds of expert authority coefficients were 0.88,indicating a high degree of authority,and the Kendall harmony coefficients of the 2 rounds of correspondence were 0.170 and 0.130(P＜0.001),respectively,and the results tended to be consistent.A total of 122 patients completed the study.After intervention,the VAS score of cough severity in the experimental group was 3.0(2.0,3.0)points,which was lower than 3.0(3.0,4.0)points in the control group.The MDASI-LC score of the experimental group was 17.0(9.5,31.5)points,which was lower than 28.0(15.5,47.5)points in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The constructed auricular acupressure technique program has certain scientificity,and it can effectively relieve cough symptoms of stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ lung cancer patients,and the severity of symptom clusters has been improved,which provides the basis for TCM nursing intervention in cough symptoms of lung cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the level of self-efficacy in peritoneal dialysis patients,and to ana-lyze its influencing factors.Methods The convenience sampling method was adopted.A total of 232 patients with peritoneal dialysis in the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from March 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the study subjects to conduct the status quo survey of chronic disease self-efficacy scale,social support scale,medical coping style questionnaire and patient positivity scale,and the results were analyzed.Re-sults The self-efficacy score of the patients with peritoneal dialysis(6.67±2.14)points,education level,fam-ily monthly income,working status,submission,social support,objective support,subjective support and pa-tient positivity were the main factors affecting the level of self-efficacy(P<0.05),explaining 64.4%of the variation amount.Self-efficacy was positively correlated with social support,facing and patient positivity(P<0.05),and negatively correlated with avoidance and submission(P<0.05).Conclusion The self-efficacy of peritoneal dialysis patients is generally at a low to medium level.Medical staff should pay more attention to it and improve it.

[摘 要] 目的：探究包被蛋白复合体β1亚基（COPB1）在食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）中的表达，及其对ESCC细胞恶性生物学行为的影响、作用机制及临床意义。方法：采用2014～2018年间在河北医科大学第四医院生物样本库中82例ESCC组织及癌旁组织，常规培养正常食管鳞状上皮细胞HEEC和食管癌细胞KYSE-150、KYSE-170、Eca109、TE1、KYSE-30、KYSE-450，用转染试剂将pcDNA3.1-vector（空载体）、pcDNA3.1-COPB1载体，si-NC和si-COPB1转染至KYSE-150、TE1细胞中，记为NC、COPB1-OE、si-NC和si-COPB1组。用数据库数据分析COPB1 mRNA在泛癌组织中的表达及其表达与免疫细胞浸润的关系，qPCR法检测ESCC组织和细胞中COPB1、PIK3CB、CD68、CD163、CD206、ARG1、IL-10 mRNA水平表达情况，WB法检测ESCC组织和各组细胞中的COPB1、PI3K、CD68、CD163、CD206、p-AKT蛋白表达，克隆形成实验和MTS实验检测各组细胞的增殖能力，划痕愈合实验和Transwell实验检测各组细胞的迁移和侵袭能力，免疫组织化学染色（IHC）法检测ESCC组织中COPB1和CD206蛋白表达。以人单核细胞白血病细胞（THP-1）构建巨噬细胞模型，用佛波酯（PMA）和IL-3和IL-4和ESCC细胞上清液诱导巨噬细胞转型，用qPCR和WB法检测CD68和CD206m RNA和蛋白的表达。结果：COPB1在泛癌组织和ESCC组织中均呈高表达且与淋巴结转移和TNM分期有关联（均P < 0.01），COPB1高表达的ESCC患者总生存期短（P < 0.05），COPB1是潜在的ESCC的诊断标志物。COPB1在KYSE-150和TE1细胞中也呈高表达（均P < 0.05），过表达或敲减COPB1可明显抑制或促进KYSE-150和TE1细胞的增殖能力、迁移和侵袭能力（均P < 0.05）。COPB1表达变化诱导的差异表达基因主要富集于PI3K/AKT通路（均P < 0.001）, COPB1可促进PI3K/AKT通路的活化（P < 0.05），COPB1高表达可导致M2型巨噬细胞浸润增加（P < 0.05），COPB1高表达促进TAM/M2极化（P < 0.05）。结论：COPB1在ESCC组织中呈高表达，其可激活PI3K/AKT通路及调控肿瘤免疫微环境促进 ESCC发生发展，COPB1有望成为ESCC诊断和预后的生物标志物及治疗靶点。

Objective:To investigate the operation opportunity for vascular rings in infants and assess the impact of prenatal and postnatal integrated management strategies on treatment outcomes.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 75 infants with vascular rings who underwent surgical treatment at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2016 to December 2023. Among them, 54 were males and 21 were females, with a median age at surgery of 1.7 (0.7-6.9) months and a median weight of 5.3 (3.5-8.0) kg. Vascular rings malformation was diagnosed by real-time three-dimensional color doppler echocardiography during pregnancy in 51 cases. Preoperatively, 28 cases presented with respiratory or digestive system-related symptoms, and 26 cases had a history of hospitalization due to related symptoms. All patients underwent preoperative cardiac CTA+ CTVE and three-dimensional reconstruction examinations, and 56 cases showed varying degrees of airway compression and stenosis on imaging. Among them, 10 patients presented with preoperative stridor and respiratory distress; fiberoptic bronchoscopy performed after anesthesia induction confirmed significant tracheal compression/stenosis. One patient was ventilator-dependent preoperatively, and bronchoscopy revealed main bronchomalacia. The cohort included: Complete vascular rings (62 cases of double aortic arch, 10 cases of right aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery and left-sided ductus arteriosus/ligamentum) and incomplete vascular rings (3 cases of pulmonary artery sling). Additionally, 5 cases had associated Kommerell’s diverticulum, and 12 had intracardiac malformation. All patients successfully completed surgery, and those with intracardiac malformation underwent extracorporeal circulation and primary radical surgery concurrently. Based on prenatal diagnosis and implementation of prenatal and postnatal integrated management, patients were divided into an observation group (prenatal and postnatal integrated management group) and a control group (postnatally diagnosed group). The perioperative data of the two groups were compared to analyze the surgical outcomes and the advantages of prenatal and postnatal integrated treatment.Results:All 75 patients successfully completed surgery. Preoperatively, 56 cases (74.66%) presented with varying degrees of tracheal stenosis. Except for 1 case that died after abandoning treatment and 1 case that underwent tracheal surgery due to repeated failed ventilator weaning, all other patients were successfully discharged from the hospital. The overall mortality rate was 1.33%, and the rate of tracheal surgery was 1.35%. The age and weight at surgery in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05), and the proportion of preoperative hospitalization history was lower in the observation group ( P<0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of tracheal compression and stenosis, postoperative monitoring time, operation time, ventilator time, and risk of postoperative complications ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Tracheal stenosis is a common complication in children with vascular rings. Early surgical intervention is recommended for complete vascular rings and pulmonary artery slings (as an incomplete ring). Timely prenatal diagnosis of vascular ring anomalies combined with the implementation of an integrated prenatal-postnatal management strategy can significantly reduce the risk of preoperative hospitalization due to related symptoms and may lower the risk of subsequent tracheal surgery, potentially improving long-term prognosis.