Objective: To explore the associations of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) among primary and secondary school students and their parents, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted physical activity promotion strategies for children and adolescents. Methods: From 2021 to 2022, basic information and 24 h movement behaviors of 2 484 pairs of students and their parents were collected from five primary and secondary schools in Haizhu District, Guangzhou City, with a convenient sampling combining with cluster sampling method. Component regression models were constructed to analyze the relationship between parental MVPA, SB and primary and secondary school students MVPA and SB, and a component isochronous substitution model was used to explore the effects of mutual substitution between parental MVPA, residual components (time use components other than SB during the 24 h period), and SB on the behavioral activities of MVPA and SB in primary and secondary school students. Results: Parental MVPA and SB of students in grade 1 to 3 were positively correlated with both students MVPA and SB ( β=0.06, 0.12, P <0.01). The component isochronous substitution model showed that substituting 10 and 20 minutes of MVPA for SB by parents in grade 1 to 3 was associated with an increase in MVPA of students, and substituting 10 and 20 minutes of residual ingredients for SB was associated with a decrease in SB of students, with mean changes of 0.8 (95% CI =0.4-1.2) and 1.4 (95% CI =0.7-2.2) and -1.4 (95% CI =-1.7 to -1.1) and -2.9 (95% CI =-3.4 to -2.3)( P <0.05). No statistically significant associations were observed between parents of students in grades 4 to 6 and 7 to 9 and students physical activity and sedentary behaviour ( P >0.05). Conclusions Parents of students in grades 1 to 3 increases MVPA and decrease SB are beneficial to increase MVPA and decrease SB of students. Parents could promote physical activity among primary and secondary school students, and the intervention gateway should be advanced, with the low grades as the optimal intervention period.

Objective: To investigate the association between 24 hour activity behavior and body composition among primary and secondary school students using compositional data analysis method, so as to provide scientific guidance for optimizing daily activity allocation and improving physical health. Methods: In June 2021, following the principle of random cluster sampling, 349 primary and middle school students were selected by lottery method from Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. Compositional multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between different 24 hour activity behaviors and body composition indicators. The isotemporal substitution model was adopted to examine the quantitative effects of substituting 10 or 20 minutes among activity behaviors on body composition. Results: In girls, sedentary behavior (SB) time was negatively correlated with fat free mass (FFM) ( β =-4.81); in boys, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time was positively correlated with FFM ( β =7.01), while light physical activity (LPA) time was negatively correlated with FFM ( β =-9.26) and positively correlated with body fat percentage (FAT%) ( β =0.09) (all P <0.01). Isocaloric substitution analysis revealed that replacing the same duration of MVPA with SB, sleep (SL), or LPA for 10 or 20 minutes produced significantly greater adverse effects compared to the beneficial effects of MVPA substitution. Replacing MVPA with LPA for 10 minutes resulted in 1.01% increase in FAT% and 0.91% decrease in reverse substitution for boys; replacing MVPA with SB or SL for 10 minutes resulted in a decrease of 1.10 kg and 1.16 kg in FFM for boys, 0.81 kg and 0.74 kg for girls, and reverse substitution increased by 0.92 and 0.97 kg, 0.65 and 0.58 kg, respectively (all P < 0.05 ). When LPA, SB or SL were replaced with MVPA for 20 minutes, the trend of change were basically consistent (all P <0.05). Conclusions Activity behaviors of 24 hour are associated with body composition among primary and secondary school students. MVPA is the primary influential component.

This study identified six novel azaphilones, isochromophilones G-L (1-6), and three novel biosynthetically related congeners (7-9) from Diaporthe sp. SCSIO 41011. The structures and absolute configurations were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analyses combined with experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Significantly, three highly oxygenated azaphilones contain an acetyl group at the terminal chain (4) or linear conjugated polyenoid moieties (5 and 6), which occur infrequently in the azaphilone family. Additionally, several compounds demonstrated inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activation in RAW 264.7 macrophages at 20 μmol·L^-1. The novel compound (1) effectively inhibited receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation without exhibiting cytotoxicity in bone marrow and RAW 264.7 macrophages, indicating its potential as a promising lead compound for osteolytic disease treatment. This research presents the first documented evidence of azaphilone derivatives as inhibitors of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis.
Animals ; Mice ; RANK Ligand/genetics* ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Osteoclasts/metabolism* ; Benzopyrans/isolation & purification* ; Osteogenesis/drug effects* ; Macrophages/metabolism* ; Molecular Structure ; Pigments, Biological/isolation & purification* ; Ascomycota/chemistry* ; NF-kappa B/genetics* ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects*

Objective: To explore the association between physical activity, anxiety symptoms and academic performance among junior high school students, so as to provide data support for optimizing school physical education and health work and formulating physical activity guidelines. Methods: From September to December 2022, a convenience cluster sampling method was used to survey 2 800 junior high school students in a middle school from Anqing City, Anhui Province. Data were collected on the students anxiety symptoms, academic performance, 24 hour physical activity [moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA), light intensity physical activity(LPA), sedentary behavior(SB), and sleep(SLP) duration] as well as demographic characteristics. Compositional data analysis was used to explore the associations between 24 hour physical activity, anxiety symptoms and academic performance among junior high school students, and to predict the optimal time use combination pattern. Results: Among the junior high school students, 16.0% (447 students) reported anxiety symptoms, and 42.0% (1 175 students) achieved excellent or good academic performance. Compositional data analysis showed that increased SLP duration was associated with both reduced anxiety symptoms ( β =-0.18) and decreased academic performance ( β =-0.03) among junior high school students; increased MVPA duration was correlated with fewer anxiety symptoms ( β =-0.02) and lower academic performance ( β =-0.13); in contrast, increased SB duration was linked to more anxiety symptoms ( β =0.09) and higher academic performance ( β =0.09) (all P <0.01). LPA duration exhibited a non linear relationship with anxiety symptoms and academic performance in junior high school students (all P >0.05). The time use combination pattern corresponding to the lowest anxiety symptoms and highest academic performance (top 5%) in adolescents was 611 (520-640) minutes of SLP, 258 (230-320) minutes of SB, 454 (280-610) minutes of LPA, and 117 (20-200) minutes of MVPA per day. Conclusions The 24 hour physical activity of junior high school students is associated with anxiety symptoms and academic performance. Therefore, it is recommended to increase the time spent on SB, MVPA, and LPA for junior high school students, while reducing SB.

Background::Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of highly invasive breast cancer with a poor prognosis. According to new research, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in the progression of cancer. Although the role of lncRNAs in breast cancer has been well reported, few studies have focused on TNBC. This study aimed to explore the biological function and clinical significance of forkhead box C1 promoter upstream transcript (FOXCUT) in triple-negative breast cancer.Methods::Based on a bioinformatic analysis of the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database, we detected that the lncRNA FOXCUT was overexpressed in TNBC tissues, which was further validated in an external cohort of tissues from the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The functions of FOXCUT in proliferation, migration, and invasion were detected in vitro or in vivo. Luciferase assays and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) were performed to reveal that FOXCUT acted as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for the microRNA miR-24-3p and consequently inhibited the degradation of p38. Results::lncRNA FOXCUT was markedly highly expressed in breast cancer, which was associated with poor prognosis in some cases. Knockdown of FOXCUT significantly inhibited cancer growth and metastasis in vitro or in vivo. Mechanistically, FOXCUT competitively bounded to miR-24-3p to prevent the degradation of p38, which might act as an oncogene in breast cancer. Conclusion::Collectively, this research revealed a novel FOXCUT/miR-24-3p/p38 axis that affected breast cancer progression and suggested that the lncRNA FOXCUT could be a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.

Objective:To compare the prognostic values of different classification by using transpulmonary pressure gradient (TPG), diastolic pressure gradient (DPG) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in patients with pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (PH-LHD), and investigated hemodynamic and clinical factors associated with mortality in patients with PH-LHD.Methods:This was a single-center prospective cohort study. In-hospital patients diagnosed with PH-LHD via right heart catheterization at the Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, from September 2013 to December 2019 were enrolled. Patients were divided according to TPG (cutoff value 12 mmHg; 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), DPG (cutoff value 7 mmHg), PVR (cutoff value 3 Wood Units), and the combination of TPG and PVR. Baseline characteristic was recorded. All patients were followed up until the occurrence of endpoint event, defined as all-cause death that occurred during the follow-up period, or until April 18, 2022. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to compare the predictive value of 3 classification methods for all-cause death in PH-LHD patients. The optimal cutoff values were calculated using Jorden index. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and log-rank test was used to compare the predictive efficacy of classification methods based on optimal cutoff values or guidance-recommended thresholds for the survival of PH-LHD patients. Variables showing statistical significance in the univariate analysis were incorporated into multivariate Cox regression model to analyze the independent risk factors for all-cause mortality.Results:A total of 243 patients were enrolled, aged (54.9±12.7) years old, including 169 (69.5%) males. During a median follow-up of 57 months, there were 101 (41.6%) deaths occurred. Grouping results were as follows: (1) TPG: TPG≤12 mmHg group 115 patients, TPG>12 mmHg group 128 patients; (2) DPG: DPG<7 mmHg group 193 patients, DPG≥7 mmHg group 50 patients; (3) PVR: PVR≤3 Wood Units group 108 patients, PVR>3 Wood Units group 135 patients; (4) TPG and PVR: TPG≤12 mmHg and PVR≤3 Wood Units group 89 patients, TPG>12 mmHg and PVR>3 Wood Units group 109 patients. PVR ( AUC=0. 698,95% CI:0.631-0.766) had better predictive value for all-cause mortality than TPG ( AUC=0.596, 95% CI: 0.523-0.669) and DPG ( AUC=0.526, 95% CI: 0.452-0.601) (all P<0.05). The optimal cutoff values for TPG, DPG, and PVR were13.9 mmHg, 2.8 mmHg, and 3.8 Wood Units, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis based on the optimal cutoff values or guidance-recommended thresholds showed that PVR and TPG were the predictors of survival ( P<0.05), while DPG did not showed significance ( P>0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, PVR and log 2N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in PH-LHD patients (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Classification according to PVR was most valuable in predicting all-cause death in PH-LHD patients, while TPG showed moderate predictive ability and DPG had no predictive value.

In the historical process of endemic disease prevention and control in China, significant achievements have been made by implementing a series of prevention and control plans and action plans. This article highlights the historical process and the main achievements of endemic disease prevention and control. At the same time, it elaborates on the significance of formulating plans for prevention and control of endemic diseases during the "15th Five-Year" Plan period for building a community of common health for mankind, as well as the ideas and requirements for the preparation of the plans.

Background::Early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) can considerably improve the prognosis of patients. Aberrant cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation signatures are a promising tool for detecting ESCC. However, available markers based on cell-free DNA methylation are still inadequate. This study aimed to identify ESCC-specific cfDNA methylation markers and evaluate the diagnostic performance in the early detection of ESCC.Methods::We performed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) for 24 ESCC tissues and their normal adjacent tissues. Based on the WGBS data, we identified 21,469,837 eligible CpG sites (CpGs). By integrating several methylation datasets, we identified several promising ESCC-specific cell-free DNA methylation markers. Finally, we developed a dual-marker panel based on methylated KCNA3 and OTOP2, and then, we evaluated its performance in our training and validation cohorts. Results::The ESCC diagnostic model constructed based on KCNA3 and OTOP2 had an AUC of 0.91 [95% CI: 0.85–0.95], and an optimal sensitivity and specificity of 84.91% and 94.32%, respectively, in the training cohort. In the independent validation cohort, the AUC was 0.88 [95% CI: 0.83–0.92], along with an optimal sensitivity of 81.5% and specificity of 92.9%. The model sensitivity for stage I–II ESCC was 78.4%, which was slightly lower than the sensitivity of the model (85.7%) for stage III–IV ESCC. Conclusion::The dual-target panel based on cfDNA showed excellent performance for detecting ESCC and might be an alternative strategy for screening ESCC.

Objective:To explore the value of high frequency ultrasound scoring combined with serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) in evaluating the prognosis of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in children.Methods:A total of 106 children with NRDS who were treated at Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University from March 2021 to December 2022 were selected. According to the discharge outcome, NRDS patients were divided into a poor prognosis group ( n=11) and a good prognosis group ( n=95), and the clinical data differences between the two groups were compared. At the same time, NRDS patients were divided into mild to moderate group ( n=75) and severe group ( n=31) based on the severity of the disease. The differences in high-frequency ultrasound scores of the lungs and serum levels of IL-6, CRP, and PCT were analyzed in children with different disease severity levels of NRDS. Logistic multiple regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of prognosis; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of lung high-frequency ultrasound score, IL-6, and their combination predicted the prognostic value of NRDS in children. Results:The gestational age, birth weight, and high-frequency ultrasound scores of the lungs in the poor prognosis group were significantly lower than those in the good prognosis group (all P<0.05); The proportion of diabetes in pregnancy, the proportion of severe disease, the first use time of pulmonary surfactant (PS) and the level of IL-6 in the poor prognosis group were significantly higher than those in the good prognosis group (all P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-6, CRP, and PCT in severe children were significantly higher than those in mild to moderate children (all P<0.05); The high-frequency ultrasound score of the lungs in severe children was significantly lower than that in mild to moderate children ( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age, pulmonary high-frequency ultrasound score, gestational diabetes, disease severity, and IL-6 were the influencing factors for poor prognosis of children with NRDS (all P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve for predicting poor prognosis in children with NRDS using high-frequency ultrasound score, IL-6, and their combination were 0.745, 0.802, and 0.786, respectively. Conclusions:The severity of NRDS in children is related to the high-frequency ultrasound score of the lungs and serum levels of IL-6, CRP, and PCT. At the same time, the high-frequency ultrasound score of the lungs and IL-6 are related to the prognosis of NRDS children, and have certain application value in predicting the prognosis of children.

Objective:To compare the failure risks between restricted and unrestricted cephalomedullary nail sliding during InterTAN intramedullary nail fixation for intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly patients.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data of 192 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture who had been admitted to Department of Orthopaedics, The Seventh Medical Center, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army from January 2021 to December 2022. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on whether the set screws were tightened or not during surgery. In the observation group of 78 cases, there were 31 males and 47 females with an age of (80.2±7.7) years, and 23 cases of type 31-A1 and 55 cases of type 31-A2 by the AO classification. Their set screws were not tightened during surgery to allow the cephalomedullary nail sliding. In the control group of 114 cases, there were 40 males and 74 females with an age of (81.6±7.8) years, and 42 cases of type 31-A1 and 72 cases of type 31-A2. Their set screws were tightened during surgery to restrict the cephalomedullary nail sliding. The incidence of postoperative fixation complications and sliding distances of the cephalomedullary nail within 1 year after surgery were compared between the 2 groups in the total fractures and in the stable and unstable fractures as well.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups of patients, indicating comparability ( P>0.05). The incidence of fixation complications within 1 year after surgery was 5.1% (4/78) for the observation group and 12.3% (14/114) for the control group, showing no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). The sliding distance of the cephalomedullary nail in the observation group [7.05 (6.00, 8.25) mm] was significantly larger than that in the control group [5.65 (3.55, 7.00) mm] ( P<0.05). For stable fractures, the incidence of fixation complications within 1 year after surgery was 7.1% (2/28) for the observation group and 7.0% (3/43) for the control group, showing no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05), and the sliding distance of the cephalomedullary nail in the observation group [6.00 (5.25, 7.00) mm] was significantly greater than that in the control group [3.05 (2.00, 5.00) mm] ( P<0.05). For unstable fractures, the incidence of fixation complications within 1 year after surgery for the observation group patients [4.0% (2/50)] was significantly lower than that for the control group patients [15.5% (11/71)], and the sliding distance of the cephalomedullary nail in the observation group [8.00 (6.70, 10.00) mm] was significantly greater than that in the control group [6.00 (4.87, 7.57) mm] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:In the InterTAN intramedullary nail fixation for intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly patients, tightening of set screws is crucial because it not only increases the stability but also limits compression at the fracture site. It is recommended not to tighten the set screws for unstable fractures, but further observation is needed before it can be determined whether the set screws should be tightened or not for stable fractures.