Hyperlipidemia is a common metabolic disorder driven by dysregulated lipid metabolism， whose pathological progression involves multifaceted interactions across various signaling pathways， including disrupted cholesterol homeostasis， insulin resistance， chronic inflammation， and oxidative stress. Although existing clinical medications such as statins can effectively reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol through single-target inhibition， significant limitations remain in comprehensively improving reverse cholesterol transport， metabolic inflammation， and coordinated regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Curcumin， the primary polyphenolic active compound derived from the traditional medicinal herb turmeric， exhibits multi-dimensional pharmacological effects including modulation of lipid metabolism， improvement of insulin sensitivity， suppression of inflammatory responses， and enhancement of antioxidant defense. This review systematically integrates the multi-target regulatory network of curcumin， elucidating its key mechanisms： Balancing the low density lipoprotein receptor/proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 （LDLR/PCSK9） signaling pathway to promote reverse cholesterol transport， activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ （PPARα/γ） signaling pathways to coordinate glucolipid metabolic homeostasis， remodeling the gut microbiota-bile acid axis， inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-B （NF-κB）-mediated inflammatory responses， and activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element （Nrf2/ARE） antioxidant signaling pathway. Furthermore， supported by clinical research data， the review validates curcumin's therapeutic potential in reducing total cholesterol （TC） and triglyceride （TG） levels， increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， as well as improving vascular endothelial function and insulin sensitivity. The study highlights the multi-target regulatory properties of curcumin and discusses future clinical applications based on nano-delivery systems and personalized treatment strategies， providing a theoretical basis and novel insights for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia and related metabolic disorders.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of rehabilitation robot training on abdominal muscles thickness and balance ability in children with hemiplegia. MethodsFrom October, 2024 to December, 2025, 58 children with hemiplegia were admitted to Beijing Bo'ai Hospital and randomly divided into control group (n = 29) and experimental group (n = 29). Both groups received conventional rehabilitation treatment, and the experimental group received rehabilitation robot training in addition, for four weeks. The thickness of bilateral external oblique, internal oblique and transversus abdominis, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) score, the time of Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), the center of pressure (COP) ellipse area, and self-selected walking speed (SWS) and maximum walking speed (MWS) of 10-meter walk test were compared before and after training. ResultsThree cases dropped out in each group. After training, the thickness of the external oblique, internal oblique and transverse abdominis on the hemiplegic side increased significantly in the experimental group (|t| > 7.280, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.43~2.01), and was better in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 2.895, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.80~1.60); the BBS score increased in both groups (|t| > 6.667, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.30~4.06), and was better in the experimental group than in the control group (t = -2.721, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.75). The time of TUGT decreased in both groups (t > 5.790, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.14~2.68), and was better in the experimental group than in the control group (t = 2.290, P < 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.63). The SWS and MWS increased in both groups (|Z| > 2.910, P < 0.01, r = 0.40~0.68), and were better in the experimental group than in the control group (|Z| > 2.912, P < 0.05, r = 0.40~0.45), and the differences remained significant after correction. ConclusionRehabilitation robot training can improve the thickness of external oblique, the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles on the hemiplegic side in children with hemiplegia, and improve their balance and walking functions.

Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is one of the common microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients,with oedema,proteinuria,and continuous decline in renal function as the main clinical manifestations,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)believes that diabetic kidney disease is caused by a deficiency of Qi and Yin,which runs through the whole process of the disease.In recent years,academician Tong Xiaolin's theory of"state-target theory"provides new ideas for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.The"state"is a general term for the overall manifestation of the patient's condition.The overall manifestation of the condition of diabetic kidney disease is a"state of deficiency and impairment"with Qi and Yin deficiency as the key mechanism of the disease.The"target"refers to the specific symptoms of the disease or abnormal examination results,which are the clinical symptoms and abnormal indicators caused by diabetic kidney disease.Ginseng astragali dihuang soup is effective in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy,and the application of this formula based on the theory of state-target can make the therapeutic effect more significant,achieve the therapeutic effect of supporting positive Qi,replenishing the deficiency and benefiting the loss,and improve the clinical symptoms and the abnormal physicochemical indexes of diabetic nephropathy,and the state-target co-adjustment,which can provide a new way of thinking for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy for the clinicians.

Objective To explore the effect of Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training on lower limb motor function in children with hemiplegia.Methods From October,2023 to January,2025,a total of 52 children with hemiplegia admitted to Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were randomly divided into control group(n=26)and observation group(n=26).Both groups received conven-tional rehabilitation therapy,while the observation group additionally received Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training,for four weeks.Before and after intervention,the self-selected walking speed(SWS)and maximum walking speed(MWS)of 10-meter Walk Test,6-minute walking distance(6MWD),Physiological Cost Index(PCI),as well as gait line length asymmetry ratio,single support line asymmetry ratio,stance phase asymmetry ratio and step length ratio were compared.Results After intervention,SWS,MWS and 6MWD improved in both groups(|Z|>2.910,P<0.01),and were better in the the observation group than in the control group(|Z|>2.069,P<0.05);PCI significantly decreased in both groups(|Z|>4.458,P<0.001),and was lower in the observation group than in the control group(Z=-2.435,P<0.05);the gait line length asymmetry ratio,single support line asymmetry ratio and stance phase asymmetry ratio improved in both groups(Z=3.398,|t|>2.211,P<0.05),and were better in the observation group than in the control group(Z=2.802,|t|>2.107,P<0.05).Conclusion Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training can effectively improve walking speed and endurance in children with hemiplegia,reduce energy expenditure,enhance walking efficiency,and promote gait symmetry,thereby fa-cilitating symmetrical gait patterns.

Objective To investigate the pharmaceutical monitoring for children with acute kidney injury caused by voriconazole combined with cyclosporine,in order to provide methods and ideas for clinical pharmacists to conduct pharmaceutical services.Methods The clinical pharmacist assisted physicians to analyze the causes of two episodes of abnormal renal function in the children,and used the therapeutic drug monitoring to monitor the whole process of medication.Results The child's acute kidney injury was likely to be related to medication,and physicians adopted the pharmacist's recommendation for therapeutic drug monitoring and drug adjustment,and the child didn't have any renal function abnormalities again.Conclusion Clinical pharma-cists can use pharmacokinetic knowledge and therapeutic drug monitoring methods to assist physicians in formulating and optimi-zing treatment plans,and monitor the whole process of medication for special children to ensure safety medication.

Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is one of the common microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients,with oedema,proteinuria,and continuous decline in renal function as the main clinical manifestations,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)believes that diabetic kidney disease is caused by a deficiency of Qi and Yin,which runs through the whole process of the disease.In recent years,academician Tong Xiaolin's theory of"state-target theory"provides new ideas for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.The"state"is a general term for the overall manifestation of the patient's condition.The overall manifestation of the condition of diabetic kidney disease is a"state of deficiency and impairment"with Qi and Yin deficiency as the key mechanism of the disease.The"target"refers to the specific symptoms of the disease or abnormal examination results,which are the clinical symptoms and abnormal indicators caused by diabetic kidney disease.Ginseng astragali dihuang soup is effective in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy,and the application of this formula based on the theory of state-target can make the therapeutic effect more significant,achieve the therapeutic effect of supporting positive Qi,replenishing the deficiency and benefiting the loss,and improve the clinical symptoms and the abnormal physicochemical indexes of diabetic nephropathy,and the state-target co-adjustment,which can provide a new way of thinking for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy for the clinicians.

Objective To explore the effect of Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training on lower limb motor function in children with hemiplegia.Methods From October,2023 to January,2025,a total of 52 children with hemiplegia admitted to Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were randomly divided into control group(n=26)and observation group(n=26).Both groups received conven-tional rehabilitation therapy,while the observation group additionally received Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training,for four weeks.Before and after intervention,the self-selected walking speed(SWS)and maximum walking speed(MWS)of 10-meter Walk Test,6-minute walking distance(6MWD),Physiological Cost Index(PCI),as well as gait line length asymmetry ratio,single support line asymmetry ratio,stance phase asymmetry ratio and step length ratio were compared.Results After intervention,SWS,MWS and 6MWD improved in both groups(|Z|>2.910,P<0.01),and were better in the the observation group than in the control group(|Z|>2.069,P<0.05);PCI significantly decreased in both groups(|Z|>4.458,P<0.001),and was lower in the observation group than in the control group(Z=-2.435,P<0.05);the gait line length asymmetry ratio,single support line asymmetry ratio and stance phase asymmetry ratio improved in both groups(Z=3.398,|t|>2.211,P<0.05),and were better in the observation group than in the control group(Z=2.802,|t|>2.107,P<0.05).Conclusion Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training can effectively improve walking speed and endurance in children with hemiplegia,reduce energy expenditure,enhance walking efficiency,and promote gait symmetry,thereby fa-cilitating symmetrical gait patterns.

Objective To investigate the pharmaceutical monitoring for children with acute kidney injury caused by voriconazole combined with cyclosporine,in order to provide methods and ideas for clinical pharmacists to conduct pharmaceutical services.Methods The clinical pharmacist assisted physicians to analyze the causes of two episodes of abnormal renal function in the children,and used the therapeutic drug monitoring to monitor the whole process of medication.Results The child's acute kidney injury was likely to be related to medication,and physicians adopted the pharmacist's recommendation for therapeutic drug monitoring and drug adjustment,and the child didn't have any renal function abnormalities again.Conclusion Clinical pharma-cists can use pharmacokinetic knowledge and therapeutic drug monitoring methods to assist physicians in formulating and optimi-zing treatment plans,and monitor the whole process of medication for special children to ensure safety medication.

Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin B6(VB6)on vascular endothelial injury of atherosclerosis(AS)mice and its mechanism.Methods Thirty-six ApoE-/-mice were randomly divided into control group,AS group,VB6 group,AS+LiCl group,AS+VB6 group and AS+VB6+LiCl group,with 6 mice in each group.The mice in the AS group,AS+LiCl group,AS+VB6 group and AS+VB6+LiCl group were fed with high-fat diet for 12 weeks to establish the AS model;the mice in the control group and VB6 group were given regular diet and normal drinking water for 12 weeks.After 12 weeks,the mice in the control group were given conventional diet and the same volume of physiological saline as the VB6 group daily by gavage;the mice in the VB6 group were given routine diet and VB6(50 mg·kg-1)by gavage daily;the mice in the AS+LiCl group were given high-fat diet continuously and LiCl(1 mg·kg-1)by gavage daily;the mice in the AS+VB6 group were given high-fat diet continuously and VB6(50 mg·kg-1)by gavage daily;the mice in the AS+VB6+LiCl group were given high-fat diet continuously and VB6(50 mg·kg-1),LiCl(1 mg·kg-1)by gavage daily;all mice were intervened for 4 weeks.After intervention,the serum nitric oxide(NO),malondialdehyde(MD A)levels and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity of mice in each group were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the morphology of thoracic aortic tissue of mice in each group and the percentage of AS plaque area to total vascular area was calculated.The vasodilatation rate of thoracic aorta was detected by isolated vascular ring experiment.The expression of sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1(NHE1)protein in thoracic aorta was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the control group,the NO level and SOD activity in the serum of mice in the AS group decreased,while the MDA level increased(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the NO,MDA levels and SOD activity in the serum of mice between the VB6 group and the control group(P＞0.05).Compared with the AS group,the serum NO level and SOD activity of mice in the AS+VB6 group increased,while the MDA level decreased(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in serum NO,MDA levels and SOD activity of mice between the AS+LiCl group,AS+VB6+LiCl group and AS group(P＞0.05).Compared with the AS+VB6 group,the serum NO level and SOD activity of mice in the AS+VB6+LiCl group decreased,while the MDA level increased(P＜0.05).The percentage of AS plaque area to total vascular area of mice in the AS group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the percentage of AS plaque area to total vascular area of mice among the VB6 group and the control group(P＜0.05).The percentage of AS plaque area to total vascular area of mice in the AS+VB6 group was significantly lower than that in the AS group(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the percentage of AS plaque area to total vascular area of mice between the AS+LiCl group,AS+VB6+LiCl group and AS group(P＜0.05).The percentage of AS plaque area to total vascular area of mice in the AS+VB6+LiCl group was significantly higher than that in the AS+VB6 group(P＜0.05).In the control group,the vascular endothelium of mice was smooth with orderly arrangement of cells;in the AS group,AS+LiCl group and AS+VB6+LiCl group,the tissue structure of vascular of mice was disordered and the vascular endothelium was rough;in the VB6 group and AS+VB6 group,the vascular wall structure of mice was normal,the vascular endothelium was smooth,and the cells were arranged orderly.The vasodilatation rate of thoracic aorta of mice induced by acetylcholine(Ach)in the AS group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the vasodilatation rate of thoracic aorta of mice induced by Ach between the VB6 group and the control group(P＞0.05).The vasodilatation rate of thoracic aorta of mice induced by Ach in the AS+VB6 group was significantly lower than that in the AS group(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the vasodilatation rate of thoracic aorta of mice induced by Ach between AS+LiCl group,AS+VB6+LiCl group and AS group(P＞0.05).The vasodilatation rate of thoracic aorta of mice induced by Ach in the AS+VB6+LiCl group was significantly higher than that in the AS+VB6 group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the vasodilatation rate of thoracic aorta of mice induced by sodium nitroprusside among the six groups(P＞0.05).The percentage of NHE1 expression in the thoracic aorta of mice in the AS group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the percentage of NHE1 expression in the thoracic aorta of mice between the VB6 group and the control group(P＞0.05).The percentage of NHE1 expression in the thoracic aorta of mice in the AS+VB6 group was significantly lower than that in the AS group(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the percentage of NHE1 expression in the thoracic aorta of mice among the AS+LiCl group,AS+VB6+LiCl group and the AS group(P＞0.05).The percentage of NHE1 expression in the thoracic aorta of mice in the AS+VB6+LiCl group was significantly higher than that in the AS+VB6 group(P＜0.05).Conclusion VB6 can improve vascular endothelial injury in AS mice via inhibiting the expression of NHE1 protein.

Objective:To study the overall training effect of segmented training model on key fiberoptic bronchoscopy techniques for anesthesiology residents and the influence of key technique training order on the training effect.Methods:Different fiberoptic bronchoscopy simulators were used for specialized training in different key techniques of fiberoptic operation. To examine the effect of key technique learning order on the teaching effect, 40 anesthesiology residents who participated in fiberscope simulation training at Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between November 2022 and March 2023 were selected for this study. They were randomly divided into two groups (Group S and Group M) using a numerical table method. The teaching was completed using two orders of key techniques. The operation time, operation quality score, and theoretical knowledge mastery score of the two groups were recorded to compare the effect of key technique learning order on the mastery of fiberoptic skills. SPSS 29.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. Measurement data that conformed to normal distribution were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and the independent samples t-test or Fisher's exact test were used for comparison between groups. The chi-square test was used for comparison of enumeration data. Results:After segmented training in each key technique, both groups of trainees were able to shorten the operation time of the corresponding key technique [SM simulator operation time (132.25±14.69) s vs. (49.80±4.46) s in group S, P<0.01; M simulator operation time (82.30±11.60) s vs. (57.10±6.77) s in group S, P<0.01; SM simulator operation time (83.10±10.62) s vs. (52.10±5.20) s in group M, P<0.01; M simulator operation time (132.25±14.69) s vs. (55.40±5.91) s in group M, P<0.01)]. Moreover, both groups showed a reduced number of wall touches [SM simulator wall touches (3.35±0.93) times vs. (0.65±0.49) times in group S, P<0.01; M simulator wall touches (2.50±1.05) times vs. (0.70±0.80) times in group S, P<0.01; SM simulator wall touches (1.55±1.15) times vs. (0.40±0.50) times in group M, P<0.01; M simulator wall touches (5.90±1.29) times vs. (1.10±0.79) times in group M, P<0.01]. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the performance score of fiberoptic-guided tracheal intubation after training [(92.50±5.97) points vs. (91.75±5.45) points] and in the lung segment localization time [(23.15±4.39) s, (21.40±4.84) s, (22.85±4.42) s vs. (22.75±5.11) s, (21.00±5.40) s, (21.50±5.10) s]. Conclusions:Segmented training on key fiberoptic bronchoscopy techniques is an effective model of fiberscope training for anesthesiology residents, and the order of training key techniques does not affect the effectiveness of training.