ObjectiveTo explore the effect of different drying conditions on the appearance and intrinsic quality indicators of Pinelliae Rhizoma for screening suitable drying conditions， so as to provide reference for its standardized production and quality evaluation. MethodsDifferent dried samples of Pinelliae Rhizoma were prepared by lime-assisted sweating method and intermittent drying method. Visual analysis was employed to measure the color brightness values（L^*） of the surface， cross-section and powder of the samples， texture analyzer was used to determine the hardness of the samples under different drying conditions. The total starch content was calculated by measuring the contents of amylose and amylopectin in the samples with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. High performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was used to determine the contents of seven nucleoside components（uracil， hypoxanthine， uridine， inosine， guanosine， β-thymidine and adenosine） in the samples. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between the external characteristics and intrinsic indicators of the different dried samples. Principal component analysis（PCA） was used to comprehensively rank the data of various indicators， and partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA） was used to screen differential components with variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1. Furthermore， the difference between the optimal drying condition for Pinelliae Rhizoma and the traditional sun-drying method was explored by independent samples t-test. ResultsWith the increase of temperature， the color of the intermittently dried samples gradually deepened， while their hardness gradually decreased. Concurrently， the contents of extract， total starch， uridine and adenosine exhibited an upward trend， whereas the contents of uracil， hypoxanthine and inosine displayed a downward trajectory. Compared with the intermittent drying group， the content of extract in the samples subjected to lime-assisted sweating increased. With the increase of lime dose， the hardness and the total content of nucleoside components in the samples showed a downward trend， while the total starch content showed an upward trend. Correlation analysis showed that the comprehensive score of L^* was negatively correlated with the contents of uracil， hypoxanthine and inosine， and positively correlated with the contents of uridine， guanosine and adenosine. Hardness was negatively correlated with adenosine content， and positively correlated with the contents of inosine， uracil and hypoxanthine. Through comprehensive consideration and comprehensive score of principal components， the method of 5% lime-mixed sweating for 6 days emerged as the top-ranking approach. Except for the extract， the results of independent samples t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the 5% lime-mixed sweating for 6 days and the traditional sun-drying in terms of other content indicators. ConclusionThe whiteness and firmness of Pinelliae Rhizoma exhibit significant correlations with its chemical composition， while uridine， uracil， guanosine， adenosine and inosine are the key constituents responsible for the quality difference of Pinelliae Rhizoma under different drying conditions. The lime-assisted sweating method optimized in this study can be proposed as a viable alternative to the traditional sun-drying method. This method not only ensures the quality of the medicinal material but also effectively reduces the drying time and prevents mold contamination， which provides a valuable reference for the standardization of drying conditions and the establishment of quality evaluation criteria for Pinelliae Rhizoma.

OBJECTIVE To explore the potential mechanisms of astragalin （AG） in allevating ulcerative colitis （UC） in mice through modulation of the intestinal flora. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal group （CON group）， model group [dextran sodium sulfate （DSS） group]， 5-aminosalicylic acid group （5-ASA group）， AG low-dose group and high-dose group （AGL and AGH groups）， with 8 mice in each group. The mice UC model was established by drinking 3% DSS solution continuously for 7 days in all groups except the CON group. After that， 3% DSS solution was replaced by water， and the mice of each drug group were gavaged with the corresponding drug solution. Mice in the CON and DSS groups were gavaged with an equal volume of normal saline， once a day， for 7 days. After the last gavage， the body weight change index， disease activity index （DAI） score， colon length and spleen index， and levels of inflammatory factors （tumor necrosis factor-α， interleukin-1β， interleukin-6） were compared among the mice in each group； pathological changes in colonic tissues of the mice were observed in each group， and the pathological score and the percentage of goblet cells were compared； mRNA expressions of barrier-related factors [occludin and ZO-1] and inflammation-related factors [silencing information regulatory factor 1 （SIRT1）， c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK） and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （p38 MAPK）] were detected in each group of mice； the changes in the intestinal flora of mice in each group were analyzed and the contents of intestinal metabolites short-chain fatty acids （SCFAs） was determined. Using DSS and AG-treated fecal bacterial liquid as an intervention， the mechanism of anti-UC effect of AG was further verified by a fecal microbiota transplant experiment. RESULTS Compared with the CON group， the intestinal mucosal structure of mice in the DSS group was severely damaged， with obvious infiltration of inflammatory cells collapsing the wall； their body weight change index， colon length， the percentage of goblet cells， mRNA expressions of occludin， ZO-1 and SIRT1， Chao1 and Shannon indexes， and contents of acetic acid and butyric acid were significantly reduced， shortened or down-regulated （P＜0.05）； however， DAI score， spleen index， levels of inflammatory factors， pathological score， as well as mRNA expressions of p38 MAPK and JNK， were all significantly increased or up-regulated （P＜0.05）. Compared with the DSS group， colon tissue lesions of AG mice in all dose groups showed different degrees of improvement， and the above quantitative indexes were generally regressed （P＜0.05）， and the intervention effect of AG-treated fecal bacterial fluid was basically the same as that of AG. CONCLUSIONS AG can improve relevant symptoms in UC mice and reduce their inflammatory response and colonic histopathological changes. The above effects may be related to regulating the diversity of intestinal flora in mice， increasing the contents of butyric acid and propionic acid， and promoting the repair of the colonic mucosal barrier， thus regulating the expressions of genes related to the SIRT1/p38 MAPK inflammatory pathway.

Organizational and institutional management plays a pivotal role in the pharmaceutical management of medi-cal institutions.Strengthening management in this area significantly enhances the quality of medical services and promotes the standardization,refinement,and scientific management of hospitals at all levels and types.To achieve homogenization in organiza-tional and institutional management,the Pharmaceutical Specialized Committee,Chinese Hospital Association compilation team adhered to principles of scientific,universality,instructiveness,and operability.After in-depth problem sorting,extensive opinion collection,and rigorous expert deliberation,we have formulated the first domestic group standard for regulating the organizational and institutional systems of pharmaceutical management in medical institutions.This article aims to detail the process of formula-ting this standard and to provide an in-depth analysis of its content,hoping to offer valuable advice and guidance for the construc-tion of organizational and institutional management in pharmaceutical affairs for medical institutions of all levels and types.

Aim To detect the changes of serum cardiotrophin-1(CT-1)and angiopoietin-like protein 3(ANGPTL3)levels in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)complicated with heart failure(HF)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),and analyze their relationship with prognosis.Methods 199 patients with CHD compli-cated with HF who underwent PCI in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March 2022 to March 2023 were selected.The serum CT-1 and ANGPTL3 levels of patients with different New York Heart Association(NYHA)cardiac function grades were compared before surgery.The prognosis was followed up after PCI,and the pa-tients who had major adverse cardiovascular event(MACE)were included in the poor prognosis group,and the rest were included in the good prognosis group.The general data and serum CT-1 and ANGPTL3 levels were compared between the poor prognosis group and the good prognosis group.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of poor prognosis after surgery in patients with CHD and HF.The predictive value of serum CT-1 and ANGPTL3 alone and in combination were analyzed.Results Compared with the patients with cardiac function grade Ⅰ,the serum CT-1 and ANGPTL3 levels of the patients with cardiac function grade Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the patients with cardiac function grade Ⅱ,the serum CT-1 and ANGPTL3 levels of the patients with cardiac function grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ were increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the patients with cardiac function grade Ⅲ,the serum CT-1 and ANGPTL3 levels of the patients with acrdiac function grade Ⅳ were increased(P＜0.05).Spearman correlation a-nalysis showed that the serum CT-1 and ANGPTL3 levels were positively correlated with NYHA cardiac function grade(r=0.518,95％CI:0.408～0.613,P＜0.001,r=0.737,95％CI:0.666～0.794,P＜0.001).The poor prognosis rate of patients was 17.93％.Compared with the good prognosis group,the serum CT-1 and ANGPTL3 levels of the poor progno-sis group were increased(P＜0.05).Logistic regression model analysis showed that smoking,diabetes,lesion vessel number ≥3,irregular medication outside the hospital,serum CT-1 and ANGPTL3 levels were the influencing factors of poor prognosis in patients with CHD complicated with HF(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity and area under the curve(AUC)of combined serum CT-1 and ANGPTL3 levels for predicting poor prognosis of patients with CHD complicated with HF were higher than those of either marker alone,while the specificity was basically similar to that of sin-gle-marker prediction.Conclusion Serum CT-1 and ANGPTL3 levels are abnormally elevated in patients with CHD complicated with HF after PCI,and are closely related to the cardiac function and prognosis.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of olverembatinib in treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) progressed to acute lymphoblastic leukemia with D241E mutation.Methods:The diagnosis and treatment of a patient with D241E mutant CML progressed to acute lymphoblastic leukemia admitted to the Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan in December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and relevant literature was reviewed.Results:The patient was a 47-year-old female, and her blood test result was abnormal during physical examination. She was diagnosed as CML and received treatment with imatinib and dasatinib for 2 years. The disease progressed to philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia with BCR-ABL mutation (a D241E mutation). After 3 courses of chemotherapy combined with a targeted drug (ponatinib), the patient achieved complete remission, while the minimal residual disease continued to be positive. The patient received 1 course of chemotherapy combined with olverembatinib from the 4th course of treatment. After olverembatinib monotherapy maintenance therapy for 36 months, the patient achieved molecular complete remission with minimal residual disease. The patient developed complications such as skin pigmentation and elevated lipid levels, but all complications were tolerable.Conclusions:The application of olverembatinib in D241E mutant CML progressed to acute lymphoblastic leukemia can help patients obtain sustained molecular biological remission and good safety.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulatory effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Neiguan" (PC6) on mitochondrial autophagy in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) at different phases (ischemia and reperfusion phases), and to explore the bidirectional regulatory effects of EA at "Neiguan" (PC6) and its potential mechanism. METHODS: Forty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups according to the random number table method, namely, sham-operation group (n=9), model-A group (n=6), model-B group (n=9), EA-A1 group (n=6), EA-B1 group (n=6), and EA-B2 group (n=9). Except the rats in the sham-operation group, the MIRI model was established in the other groups with the physical ligation and tube pushing method. In the model-A group, the samples were collected directly after ligation, and in the model-B group, the samples were collected after ligation and reperfusion. In the EA-A1 group, EA was delivered while the ligation was performed, and afterwards, the samples were collected. In the EA-B1 group, while the ligation was performed, EA was operated at the same time, and after reperfusion, the samples were collected. In the EA-B2 group, during ligation and the opening of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery, EA was delivered, and after reperfusion, the samples were collected. EA was performed at bilateral "Neiguan" (PC6), with a disperse-dense wave, a frequency of 2 Hz/100 Hz, a current of 1 mA, and a duration of 30 min. HE staining was employed to observe the morphology of cardiomyocytes, TUNEL was adopted to detect the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, transcriptome sequencing was to detect the differentially expressed genes in the left ventricle, JC-1 flow cytometry was to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of cardiomyocytes, Western blot was to detect the protein expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1 (Pink1), Parkin and p62 in the left ventricle of rats, and ELISA was to detect the levels of serum creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTn-I) in the rats. RESULTS: Compared with the sham-operation group, the cardiomyocytes of rats in the model-B group were severely damaged, with disordered arrangement, unclear boundaries, broken muscle fibers, edema and loose distribution; and the cardiomyocytes in the EA-B2 group were slightly damaged, the cell structure was partially unclear, the cells were arranged more regularly, and the intact cardiomyocytes were visible. Compared with the sham-operation group, the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes increased in the model-B group (P<0.001); and when compared with the model-B group, the apoptosis alleviated in the EA-B2 group (P<0.001). The differentially expressed genes among the EA-B2 group, the sham-operation group and the model-B group were closely related to cell autophagy and mitochondrial autophagy. Compared with the sham-operation group, MMP of cardiomyocytes was reduced (P<0.001), the protein expression of Pink1, Parkin, and p62 of the left ventricle and the levels of serum CK-MB and cTn-I were elevated in the model B group (P<0.001). In comparison with model-A group, the MMP of cardiomyocytes and the levels of serum CK-MB and cTn-I were reduced (P<0.001, P<0.05), and the protein expression of Pink1 in the left ventricle rose in the EA-A1 group (P<0.01). Compared with the model-B group, MMP of cardiomyocytes increased (P<0.001), the protein expression of Pink1, Parkin, and p62 of the left ventricle, and the levels of serum CK-MB and cTn-I decreased (P<0.001) in the EA-B1 group and the EA-B2 group. When compared with the EA-A1 group, MMP of cardiomyocytes increased (P<0.001), and the protein expression of Pink1, Parkin, and p62 of the left ventricle, and the levels of serum CK-MB and cTn-I decreased in the EA-B1 group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION EA at "Neiguan" (PC6) can ameliorate MIRI in rats, which may be achieved through the Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy pathway. EA can alleviate myocardial injury by enhancing mitochondrial autophagy at the ischemia phase, and it can reduce reperfusion injury by weakening mitochondrial autophagy at the reperfusion phase.
Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/metabolism* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Acupuncture Points ; Autophagy ; Humans ; Mitochondria/genetics*

Objective:To explore the risk assessment and intervention effect of WeChat platform-based health management in high-risk populations for cardiovascular diseases (CVD).Methods:It was a randomized controlled trial. A total of 480 individuals at high risk of CVD who underwent physical examinations at the Health Management Center of Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital from February to April in 2023 were selected using a simple random sampling method. The participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group (240 cases each) using a random number table. The control group received routine follow-up and health assessments, while the intervention group received an additional 12-month WeChat-based health management intervention. During the study, 28 participants were lost to follow-up, resulting in 227 participants in the intervention group and 225 in the control group being included in the final analysis. The 10-year CVD risk was assessed using the prediction for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in China (China-PAR) model, and psychological status was evaluated using the self-rating anxiety Scale (SAS) and the self-rating depression scale (SDS). Changes in health behaviors, adherence, life style, blood pressure, metabolic indicators, psychological status, and CVD risk were compared before and after the intervention in both groups to evaluate the intervention′s effectiveness.Results:Among the 452 high-risk participants analyzed, the intervention group included 227 individuals [mean age: (53.16±10.81) years; 117 males and 110 females], and the control group included 225 individuals [mean age: (52.60±10.25) years; 118 males and 107 females]. There was no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups (all P>0.05). After 12 months of intervention, the intervention group showed significant improvements in medication adherence, intake of vegetables and fruits, exercise duration, sleep time, proportion of regular lifestyle, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, all of which were all higher than both the baseline values and those in the control group (all P<0.05). Conversely, the intervention group showed reductions in medical visit rate, smoking and drinking rates, high-salt diet, meat intake, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, triglycerides, SAS and SDS scores when compared to the baseline values and those in the control group (all P<0.05). The proportions of participants with 10-year CVD risk levels of 10%-<20%, 20%-<30%, 30%-<40%, and ≥40% significantly decreased in the intervention group after intervention (18.94% vs 36.12%, 12.78% vs 26.43%, 7.93% vs 19.82%, 3.96% vs 17.63%), and were also significantly lower than those in the control group (18.94% vs 40.45%, 12.78% vs 30.67%, 7.93% vs 22.67%, 3.96% vs 16.89%) (all P<0.001). After 12 months, the intervention group showed significantly higher improvement rates in both medication adherence and non-medication-related compliance behaviors, including smoking, alcohol consumption, meat and salt intake, fruit and vegetable intake, exercise duration, sleep duration, and lifestyle regularity, when compared to those in the control group (16.74% vs -3.11%, 14.54% vs -0.89%, 16.74% vs -0.44%, 57.71% vs 8.44%, 21.15% vs -0.44%, 56.83% vs -6.67%, 51.54% vs -3.56%, 60.79% vs -7.11%, 26.87% vs -13.78%, 22.91% vs -1.78%) (all P<0.001). Conclusion:The WeChat platform-based health management intervention can effectively improve the behavioral patterns, compliance, control of CVD risk factors and psychological status of high-risk populations for CVD, and help reduce their 10-year risk of CVD.

Objective:To determine the detection rate of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Hunan Province in 2022 and to analyze the influencing factors at both the school and individual levels, thereby providing a scientific basis for developing myopia prevention and control strategies.Methods:From October to November 2022, a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select students from Year 4 of primary school to Year 3 of senior high school across 14 prefecture-level (autonomous prefecture) cities in Hunan Province for vision screening and questionnaire surveys. A multilevel regression model was utilized to analyze the influencing factors of myopia at both the school and individual levels.Results:A total of 189 343 primary and secondary school students were included in this study. The overall myopia detection rate was 55.56%, with a significantly higher prevalence observed in female students (60.49%) compared to males (51.03%) and in urban students (59.12%) versus those from rural areas (53.50%). A marked upward trend in myopia prevalence was identified with advancing grade levels (trend test χ2=16 246.13, P<0.001). Multilevel regression analysis revealed that at the individual level, female gender, higher grade level, parental myopia history, daily homework duration ≥2 hours after school, improper reading/writing postures, and taking breaks only after more than 15 minutes of near work were associated with an increased risk of myopia. Conversely, adequate sleep duration, outdoor activity ≥2 hours, and outdoor breaks during recess demonstrated protective effects. At the school level, non-compliant blackboard illumination uniformity emerged as a significant risk factor for myopia development. Conclusions:The detection rate of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Hunan Province remains relatively high and is associated with multiple factors at both the school and individual levels. Targeted interventions should be implemented at different levels to mitigate the risk of myopia.