Hyperlipidemia is a common metabolic disorder driven by dysregulated lipid metabolism， whose pathological progression involves multifaceted interactions across various signaling pathways， including disrupted cholesterol homeostasis， insulin resistance， chronic inflammation， and oxidative stress. Although existing clinical medications such as statins can effectively reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol through single-target inhibition， significant limitations remain in comprehensively improving reverse cholesterol transport， metabolic inflammation， and coordinated regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Curcumin， the primary polyphenolic active compound derived from the traditional medicinal herb turmeric， exhibits multi-dimensional pharmacological effects including modulation of lipid metabolism， improvement of insulin sensitivity， suppression of inflammatory responses， and enhancement of antioxidant defense. This review systematically integrates the multi-target regulatory network of curcumin， elucidating its key mechanisms： Balancing the low density lipoprotein receptor/proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 （LDLR/PCSK9） signaling pathway to promote reverse cholesterol transport， activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ （PPARα/γ） signaling pathways to coordinate glucolipid metabolic homeostasis， remodeling the gut microbiota-bile acid axis， inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-B （NF-κB）-mediated inflammatory responses， and activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element （Nrf2/ARE） antioxidant signaling pathway. Furthermore， supported by clinical research data， the review validates curcumin's therapeutic potential in reducing total cholesterol （TC） and triglyceride （TG） levels， increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， as well as improving vascular endothelial function and insulin sensitivity. The study highlights the multi-target regulatory properties of curcumin and discusses future clinical applications based on nano-delivery systems and personalized treatment strategies， providing a theoretical basis and novel insights for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia and related metabolic disorders.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of rehabilitation robot training on abdominal muscles thickness and balance ability in children with hemiplegia. MethodsFrom October, 2024 to December, 2025, 58 children with hemiplegia were admitted to Beijing Bo'ai Hospital and randomly divided into control group (n = 29) and experimental group (n = 29). Both groups received conventional rehabilitation treatment, and the experimental group received rehabilitation robot training in addition, for four weeks. The thickness of bilateral external oblique, internal oblique and transversus abdominis, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) score, the time of Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), the center of pressure (COP) ellipse area, and self-selected walking speed (SWS) and maximum walking speed (MWS) of 10-meter walk test were compared before and after training. ResultsThree cases dropped out in each group. After training, the thickness of the external oblique, internal oblique and transverse abdominis on the hemiplegic side increased significantly in the experimental group (|t| > 7.280, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.43~2.01), and was better in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 2.895, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.80~1.60); the BBS score increased in both groups (|t| > 6.667, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.30~4.06), and was better in the experimental group than in the control group (t = -2.721, P < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.75). The time of TUGT decreased in both groups (t > 5.790, P < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.14~2.68), and was better in the experimental group than in the control group (t = 2.290, P < 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.63). The SWS and MWS increased in both groups (|Z| > 2.910, P < 0.01, r = 0.40~0.68), and were better in the experimental group than in the control group (|Z| > 2.912, P < 0.05, r = 0.40~0.45), and the differences remained significant after correction. ConclusionRehabilitation robot training can improve the thickness of external oblique, the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles on the hemiplegic side in children with hemiplegia, and improve their balance and walking functions.

Objective To explore the effect of Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training on lower limb motor function in children with hemiplegia.Methods From October,2023 to January,2025,a total of 52 children with hemiplegia admitted to Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were randomly divided into control group(n=26)and observation group(n=26).Both groups received conven-tional rehabilitation therapy,while the observation group additionally received Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training,for four weeks.Before and after intervention,the self-selected walking speed(SWS)and maximum walking speed(MWS)of 10-meter Walk Test,6-minute walking distance(6MWD),Physiological Cost Index(PCI),as well as gait line length asymmetry ratio,single support line asymmetry ratio,stance phase asymmetry ratio and step length ratio were compared.Results After intervention,SWS,MWS and 6MWD improved in both groups(|Z|>2.910,P<0.01),and were better in the the observation group than in the control group(|Z|>2.069,P<0.05);PCI significantly decreased in both groups(|Z|>4.458,P<0.001),and was lower in the observation group than in the control group(Z=-2.435,P<0.05);the gait line length asymmetry ratio,single support line asymmetry ratio and stance phase asymmetry ratio improved in both groups(Z=3.398,|t|>2.211,P<0.05),and were better in the observation group than in the control group(Z=2.802,|t|>2.107,P<0.05).Conclusion Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training can effectively improve walking speed and endurance in children with hemiplegia,reduce energy expenditure,enhance walking efficiency,and promote gait symmetry,thereby fa-cilitating symmetrical gait patterns.

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disorder, typically managed with on-demand medications during acute attacks. Clinical trials and real-world studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of icatibant in treating acute HAE attacks. This article aims to summarize research findings on icatibant in HAE treatment, providing a reference for its clinical application.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulatory effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Neiguan" (PC6) on mitochondrial autophagy in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) at different phases (ischemia and reperfusion phases), and to explore the bidirectional regulatory effects of EA at "Neiguan" (PC6) and its potential mechanism. METHODS: Forty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups according to the random number table method, namely, sham-operation group (n=9), model-A group (n=6), model-B group (n=9), EA-A1 group (n=6), EA-B1 group (n=6), and EA-B2 group (n=9). Except the rats in the sham-operation group, the MIRI model was established in the other groups with the physical ligation and tube pushing method. In the model-A group, the samples were collected directly after ligation, and in the model-B group, the samples were collected after ligation and reperfusion. In the EA-A1 group, EA was delivered while the ligation was performed, and afterwards, the samples were collected. In the EA-B1 group, while the ligation was performed, EA was operated at the same time, and after reperfusion, the samples were collected. In the EA-B2 group, during ligation and the opening of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery, EA was delivered, and after reperfusion, the samples were collected. EA was performed at bilateral "Neiguan" (PC6), with a disperse-dense wave, a frequency of 2 Hz/100 Hz, a current of 1 mA, and a duration of 30 min. HE staining was employed to observe the morphology of cardiomyocytes, TUNEL was adopted to detect the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, transcriptome sequencing was to detect the differentially expressed genes in the left ventricle, JC-1 flow cytometry was to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of cardiomyocytes, Western blot was to detect the protein expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1 (Pink1), Parkin and p62 in the left ventricle of rats, and ELISA was to detect the levels of serum creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTn-I) in the rats. RESULTS: Compared with the sham-operation group, the cardiomyocytes of rats in the model-B group were severely damaged, with disordered arrangement, unclear boundaries, broken muscle fibers, edema and loose distribution; and the cardiomyocytes in the EA-B2 group were slightly damaged, the cell structure was partially unclear, the cells were arranged more regularly, and the intact cardiomyocytes were visible. Compared with the sham-operation group, the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes increased in the model-B group (P<0.001); and when compared with the model-B group, the apoptosis alleviated in the EA-B2 group (P<0.001). The differentially expressed genes among the EA-B2 group, the sham-operation group and the model-B group were closely related to cell autophagy and mitochondrial autophagy. Compared with the sham-operation group, MMP of cardiomyocytes was reduced (P<0.001), the protein expression of Pink1, Parkin, and p62 of the left ventricle and the levels of serum CK-MB and cTn-I were elevated in the model B group (P<0.001). In comparison with model-A group, the MMP of cardiomyocytes and the levels of serum CK-MB and cTn-I were reduced (P<0.001, P<0.05), and the protein expression of Pink1 in the left ventricle rose in the EA-A1 group (P<0.01). Compared with the model-B group, MMP of cardiomyocytes increased (P<0.001), the protein expression of Pink1, Parkin, and p62 of the left ventricle, and the levels of serum CK-MB and cTn-I decreased (P<0.001) in the EA-B1 group and the EA-B2 group. When compared with the EA-A1 group, MMP of cardiomyocytes increased (P<0.001), and the protein expression of Pink1, Parkin, and p62 of the left ventricle, and the levels of serum CK-MB and cTn-I decreased in the EA-B1 group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION EA at "Neiguan" (PC6) can ameliorate MIRI in rats, which may be achieved through the Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy pathway. EA can alleviate myocardial injury by enhancing mitochondrial autophagy at the ischemia phase, and it can reduce reperfusion injury by weakening mitochondrial autophagy at the reperfusion phase.
Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/metabolism* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Acupuncture Points ; Autophagy ; Humans ; Mitochondria/genetics*

Objective To explore the effect of Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training on lower limb motor function in children with hemiplegia.Methods From October,2023 to January,2025,a total of 52 children with hemiplegia admitted to Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were randomly divided into control group(n=26)and observation group(n=26).Both groups received conven-tional rehabilitation therapy,while the observation group additionally received Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training,for four weeks.Before and after intervention,the self-selected walking speed(SWS)and maximum walking speed(MWS)of 10-meter Walk Test,6-minute walking distance(6MWD),Physiological Cost Index(PCI),as well as gait line length asymmetry ratio,single support line asymmetry ratio,stance phase asymmetry ratio and step length ratio were compared.Results After intervention,SWS,MWS and 6MWD improved in both groups(|Z|>2.910,P<0.01),and were better in the the observation group than in the control group(|Z|>2.069,P<0.05);PCI significantly decreased in both groups(|Z|>4.458,P<0.001),and was lower in the observation group than in the control group(Z=-2.435,P<0.05);the gait line length asymmetry ratio,single support line asymmetry ratio and stance phase asymmetry ratio improved in both groups(Z=3.398,|t|>2.211,P<0.05),and were better in the observation group than in the control group(Z=2.802,|t|>2.107,P<0.05).Conclusion Lokomat robotic-assisted gait training can effectively improve walking speed and endurance in children with hemiplegia,reduce energy expenditure,enhance walking efficiency,and promote gait symmetry,thereby fa-cilitating symmetrical gait patterns.

Purpose To investigate the expression of C1GALT1 in gastric cancer and its effect on the biological be-havior of BGC-823 in gastric cancer cells.Methods The ex-pression of C1GALT1 mRNA and protein in gastric cancer tis-sues and normal gastric mucosa,gastric cancer cells and normal gastric mucosal cells was analyzed by bioinformatics,qRT-PCR and Western blot;the transient transfection of siRNA into BGC-823 cells was designed with C1GALT1 cDNA sequence as the target.Transwell assay was used to detect the effect of C1GALT1-siRNA on the migration and invasion ability of BGC-823 cells in gastric cancer.Western blot method detected the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related proteins in BGC-823 after transfection of C1GALT1-siRNA.Re-sults C1GALT1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines BGC-823,SGC-7901 and MGC-803,and the ex-pression levels were positively correlated with gastric cancer pathological stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P＜0.05).After interfering with C1GALT1 in BGC-823 cells,the ability of migration and inva-sion decreased(P＜0.05),epithelial cell markers E-cadherin and Claudin-1 protein expression increased,while mesenchymal cell markers vimentin and Slug protein expression decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion C1GALT1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells,silencing of C1GALT1 can inhibit mi-gration and invasion ability of gastric cancer,the mechanism may be related to EMT.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of rashes in monkeypox patients through a series of skin biopsies, and examine their pathological features and the most effective tests.Methods:Patients with monkeypox virus infection admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital from June to August 2023 were identified. Among them, 24 patients underwent skin biopsies for clinical pathological study that were included in this study. Clinical information, rash pictures, and nucleic acid test results were analyzed using histopathology, immunohistochemistry, RNAscope ? hybridization and electron microscopy. Results:All 24 patients were male, including 14 patients with concurrent human immunodeficiency virus infection. Their average age was (32.3±5.4) years. The nucleic acid test confirmed monkeypox virus infection. The clinical feature of monkeypox rashes was solitary rather than clustered distribution, with rashes occurring in similar phase, distinguishing it from herpesvirus. The rashes in these patients were mostly scattered, with an average of (13.0±11.8) rashes, and most commonly present in the perineum, face, limbs, and trunk. The three main pathological features of these rashes were ballooning degeneration of the epidermal spinous cell layer, the characteristic intra-cytoplasmic Guarnieri′s bodies and significant infiltration of inflammatory cells in whole dermal layer. Immunohistochemistry, RNAscope ? hybridization, and electron microscopy can all effectively detect the monkeypox virus. Electron microscopy showed viral replication in various types of skin cells. Conclusions:The study describes the pathological features of monkeypox virus rashes. Pathological examination of skin biopsy samples is helpful to diagnose these rashes. The study suggests that the monkeypox virus has a unique epitheliotropic affinity and can infect various types of cells in the skin.

Solitary cervical submental nodule is a relatively rare case in clinical procedure and prone to miss diagnosis.Differential diagnosis with various head and neck diseases is necessary.This article reported a case of solitary cervical submental metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma received in the department of surgery,Civil Aviation Shanghai Hospital,Ruijin Gubei Branch,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.The patient came to the outpatient clinic for treatment due to"consciously larger submental tubercle than before".Ultrasound examination revealed suspicious lesions in both the thyroid and submental regions.Ultrasound-guided final needle aspiration biopsy diagnosed as malignant tumor.Surgical resection was performed and the central group lymph nodes dissected Pathological examination confirmed papillary thyroid carcinoma with solitary submental metastasis.This article reported the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this case,in order to improve the disease recognition for clinicians,and make differential diagnosis with other rare neck diseases,and avoid missing diagnoses.