To explore the clinical and genetic features of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) caused by IFIH1 gene mutation.

Objective To investigate the effect of glycine N-methyl transferase (GNMT)on intrauterine adhesion (IUA)fibrosis and its related mechanism.Methods In vivo experiment:A total of 36 healthy female SD rats (SPF grade,6～8 weeks old and weighing from 180～220 g)were subjected in this study.IUA model of SD rats and IUA model of GNMT overexpressed rats were established.RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence assay were applied to detect GNMT expression level in normal uterus and model group.RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of fibrosis-related molecules and the activation of TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway in each group.The number of endometrial glands in each group was observed by HE staining.Masson staining was used to analyze the severity of endometrial fibrosis in each group.In vitro experiment:transformed human endometrial stromal cells (THESCs)fibrotic phenotype model was constructed using TGF-β1,and THESCs stably transfected with GNMT overexpression lentvirus were treated with TGF-β1.RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of fibrosis-related molecules.The expression of TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway was detected by Western blotting.TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway was activated by TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway activator (SRI-011381),and the expression of TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway and key molecular proteins of fibrosis phenotype was measured with Western blotting.Results In vivo experiment,the mRNA and protein expression levels of GNMT were significantly decreased in the IUA rats than the control rats (P<0.05).Overexpression of GNMT decreased the mRNA and protein levels of fibrosis related molecules,Collagen Ⅰ,Collagen Ⅲ and FN in the IUA rats (P<0.05),and decreased the phosphorylation levels of TGF-β1 and its downstream Smad3 protein (P<0.05).HE and Masson staining showed that overexpression of GNMT could increase the number of endometrial glands and reduce the severity of fibrosis in the IUA rats (P<0.05).In vitro experiments:overexpression of GNMT decreased the mRNA and protein levels of Collagen Ⅰ,Collagen Ⅲ and FN associated with fibrotic phenotype of THESCs (P<0.05),and reduced the phosphorylation level of Smad3 protein,downstream of TGF-β1 (P<0.05).After activation of TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway,the protein levels of TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway and downstream fibrosis phenotype molecules,Collagen Ⅲ and FN,were significantly decreased in the LV-GNMT+SRI-011381 group.Conclusion Overexpression of GNMT can inhibit endometrial fibrosis by regulating TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway,thus achieving therapeutic effect on IUA.

The crosstalk between the nerve and stomatognathic systems plays a more important role in organismal health than previously appreciated with the presence of emerging concept of the "brain-oral axis". A deeper understanding of the intricate interaction between the nervous system and the stomatognathic system is warranted, considering their significant developmental homology and anatomical proximity, and the more complex innervation of the jawbone compared to other skeletons. In this review, we provide an in-depth look at studies concerning neurodevelopment, craniofacial development, and congenital anomalies that occur when the two systems develop abnormally. It summarizes the cross-regulation between nerves and jawbones and the effects of various states of the jawbone on intrabony nerve distribution. Diseases closely related to both the nervous system and the stomatognathic system are divided into craniofacial diseases caused by neurological illnesses, and neurological diseases caused by an aberrant stomatognathic system. The two-way relationships between common diseases, such as periodontitis and neurodegenerative disorders, and depression and oral diseases were also discussed. This review provides valuable insights into novel strategies for neuro-skeletal tissue engineering and early prevention and treatment of orofacial and neurological diseases.
Bone and Bones ; Nervous System ; Stomatognathic System ; Humans

OBJECTIVE To observe whether mitochondria can be transferred from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)to irradiated cells by establishing a mitochondrial fluorescent reporting system.METHODS The lentiviral vector pSIN-EF1α-COX8A-DsRed2(named COX8A-DsRed2)that might guide the expres-sion of red fluorescence protein in the membrane of mitochondria was constructed.A lentivirus(named Lv-COX8A-DsRed2)was prepared in 293T cell line.Dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs)(named DPSC-COX8A-DsRed2)was infected with Lv-COX8A-DsRed2.The intracellular expression of the red fluores-cence protein in DPSC was observed under fluorescence microcopy.The mitochondrial localization of the expressed red fluorescent probe in DPSC-COX8A-DsRed2 was confirmed according to TOMM20 immunostaining and MitoTracker Green staining results,which could specifically label mitochondria.The IEC-6 cells that received 10 Gy X-ray radiation were used as an injured cell model.The co-culture system was established by supplementing DPSC-COX8A-DsRed2 into the culture plate with the irradi-ated IEC-6 labelled by CFSE for 24 h.RESULTS The imaging results of fluorescent microcopy obser-vation showed that DPSC-COX8A-DsRed2 expressed the mitochondrial fluorescent reporting system,which was co-located with TOMM20 protein and Mito Tracker Green.The imaging results of confocal fluorescence microcopy showed that the mitochondria with red fluorescent protein were transferred from DPSC-COX8A-DsRed2 to the irradiated IEC-6 cells,suggesting that the established mitochondrial fluorescent reporting system could indicate mitochondrial transfer from donor cells to injured ones.CONCLUSION DPSC-COX8A-DsRed2 stably expressing the mitochondrial fluorescent reporting system is established,which can be used to track mitochondrial transfer.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of tandem mass spectrometry (MSMS) screening for neonatal inherited metabolic diseases in Zhejiang Province from 2009 to 2021. Methods: The data pertaining to MSMS screening for neonatal inherited metabolic diseases in Zhejiang Province from 2009 to 2021 were collected from the database created by Zhejiang Provincial Center for Neonatal Disease Screening. The percentage of MSMS screening, percentage of recall of suspected screening-positive infants and incidence of neonatal inherited metabolic diseases were analyzed retrospectively to evaluate the quality of MSMS screening for inherited metabolic diseases. Results: A total of 4 706 916 newborns were screened among 8 297 039 live births by MSMS in Zhejiang Province from 2009 to 2021, and the percentage of MSMS screening increased from 5.48% to 97.54%, with a mean percentage of 56.73%. Of 46 838 suspected screening-positive infants, 45 527 infants were recalled, and the percentage of recall increased from 94.57% to 98.62%, with a mean percentage of 97.20%. A total of 1 038 infants were definitively diagnosed with inherited metabolic diseases in Zhejiang Province from 2009 to 2021, with an overall incidence rate of 1/4 535, and the incidence rates of amino acid metabolic disorder, fatty acid oxidation metabolic disorder and organic acid metabolic disorder were 1/11 767, 1/13 763 and 1\15 902, respectively. Of the 11 cities in Zhejiang Province, the highest percentage of tandem mass spectrometry screening for inherited metabolic diseases was found in Hangzhou City (83.01%), and the highest percentage of recall of suspected screening-positive infants was se en in Zhoushan City (99.08%). Conclusions A high percentage of MSMS screening for neonatal inherited metabolic diseases was observed in Zhejiang Province from 2009 to 2021; however, there was a region-specific percentage of screening, and the recall of suspected screening-positive infants remains to be improved.

Abstract Neonatal disease screening is a major tool for prevention of birth defects, and monitoring and evaluation of neonatal disease screening facilitates the improvements in screening quality and efficiency. A strict quality control of screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of neonatal diseases is performed in Zhejiang Provincial Center for Quality Control of Neonatal Disease Screening. In this study, the data pertaining to screening of neonatal inherited metabolic diseases, hearing loss and congenital heart diseases were collected in Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2020, and the screening rate, recall rate of suspected screening-positive neonates, and detection rate of diseases were calculated to assess the quality of neonatal disease screening. The screening rate and recall rate of neonatal inherited metabolic diseases, hearing loss and congenital heart diseases were high in Zhejiang Province, and the detection of screened diseases was stable, indicating a high overall quality of neonatal disease screening. Increasing the impact of neonatal disease screening and consolidating the screening achievements should be given a high priority during the future quality control of neonatal disease screening in Zhejiang Province.

Abstract Transport of filter paper-dried blood spot samples is a critical procedure during the screening of neonatal inherited metabolic diseases, which is of great significance for the screening accuracy. In order to ensure the timing and safety of sample transport, the cold chain positioning system was initiated by Zhejiang Provincial Center for Quality Control of Neonatal Disease Screening since March 2015. Based on the framework of neonatal disease screening information management system, the function of the logistics transport management system was included in this positioning system, with aims to achieve the monitoring and tracking of sample transport processes through real-time positioning of the sample transport box via China Unicom 4G logistics card and global positioning system/BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. The samples are maintained in a transport environment at 2 to 8 °C via the temperature-controlled box made of 5 °C phase-changed cold-stored materials and general packet radio service (GPRS) temperature recorders. The mean pretest turnover duration reduced from 8.44 days to 5.03 days following introduction of the cold chain positioning system, and the percentage of timely sample delivery increased from 31.69% to 77.90%, while the withdrawal rate of unqualified samples reduced from 0.12% to 0.08%. The cold chain positioning system meets the requirements of transport of filter paper-dried blood spot samples, which has a high potential in screening of neonatal inherited metabolic diseases.

Under the combination of postgraduate education and standardized medical residents training, via exploring current situation, we put forward the limitations of routine rotation training, disconnection of theory and practice, inefficient of scientific ability. We arouse a new model by improving teaching model, enriching teaching content, optimizing teaching method, making better arrangement of rotations and cultivating scientific ability to provide references for enhancing the ability of clinical thinking, practice, scientific research and communication.

Objective:To evaluate the drug-drug interactions and the tolerability of combined medication between yimitasvir phosphate capsules with sofosbuvir tablets, omeprazole magnesium enteric-coated tablets, and rosuvastatin calcium tablets in healthy volunteers.Methods:A randomized, open, and continuous administration design was used in trial 1 (yimitasvir phosphate capsules with sofosbuvir tablets). 28 subjects were randomly divided into two groups. A non-randomized, open design was used in trial 2 (yimitasvir phosphate capsules with omeprazole magnesium enteric-coated tablets), and included 42 subjects divided into three groups. The open design method was used in trial 3 (yimitasvir phosphate capsules with rosuvastatin calcium tablets), and included 14 subjects. The plasma concentrations of yimitasvir phosphate, sofosbuvir and their main metabolites GS-331007, omeprazole and rosuvastatin were validated by a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by Phoenix winNonlin software.Results:(1) in trial 1, after single and co-administration, the 90% CI of sofosbuvir C max and AUC 0-tau geometric mean ratio (GMR) were 152.0% (118.0% ~ 197.0%) and 230.0% (184.0% ~ 287.0%), with an increase of 52.0% and 130.0% compared to single dose of sofosbuvir, respectively. The 90% CI of GS-331007 C max GMR was 74.0% (67.5% ~ 81.2%) and reduced by 26% compared to single dose of sofosbuvir. (2) in trial 2, the 90% CI of C max GMR after yimitasvir single or co-administration at the same time, with a 4-hours interval, or with a 12- hours interval were 68.9% (44.5% ~ 106.7%) , 64.0% (43.8% ~ 93.6%) and 56.4%(38.9% ~ 81.9%), and the 90% CI of AUC 0-t GMR were 68.6% (46.5% ~ 101.2%), 68.3% (47.6% ~ 98.0%) and 60.5% (41.8% ~ 87.5%), respectively. Compared with single dose of yimitasvir, the C max and AUC 0-t were decreased by 31.1% and 31.4%, 36.0% and 31.7%, 43.6% and 39.5%, respectively. (3) In trial 3, after single and co-administration, the 90% CI of rosuvastatin C max and AUC 0-72 GMR were 172.4% (153.6% ~ 193.5%) and 158.0% (144.3% ~ 172.9%), respectively, with an increase of 74.9% and 60.5% compared to single dose of rosuvastatin. There were no serious adverse events and adverse events leading to withdrawal from the trial. Conclusion:Yimitasvir phosphate capsules have drug-drug interactions with sofosbuvir tablets, omeprazole magnesium enteric-coated tablets, and rosuvastatin calcium tablets.