Background Schizophrenia patients are often accompanied by negative symptoms and severe cognitive impairment,but effective interventions intended to alleviate such condition are currently limited.Existing researches on group play therapy for schizophrenia is still in its initial stages,and such therapy has the potential to contribute to symptoms improvement.Objective To explore the efficacy of group play therapy on improving cognitive function and negative symptoms in hospitalized female patients with schizophrenia,so as to provide references for clinical intervention in such group.Methods This study involved 40 female patients with schizophrenia who received inpatient treatment at the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang from April 2022 to May 2023 as well as met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases,tenth edition(ICD-10).They were divided into study group(n=20)and control group(n=20)according to the random number table method.Both groups received routine treatment,and the study group received 10 sessions of group play therapy for 5 weeks on the basis.At baseline,Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms(SAPS),Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms(SANS),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS),Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation(NOSIE),and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status(RBANS)were used for assessment.Post-therapy evaluation was conducted by using SAPS,SANS and RBANS.Patients' baseline SAPS scores,SANS scores,RBANS total scores,and various factor scores of RBANS were used as covariates,and covariance analysis was adopted to compare the scores of each scale between the two groups after treatment.Results A total of 39 patients went through the whole study.Results of covariance analysis showed that the SANS score of study group was lower than that of control group,while several scores of RBANS(including total score,immediate memory factor score,speech function factor score and attention factor score)were all higher than those in control group.Significant difference was observed between two groups in scores of both scales above(F=13.408,10.331,4.932,9.967,10.010,P<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Group play therapy may help improve negative symptoms and cognitive function in hospitalized female patients with schizophrenia.

Developing and implementing biosafety standards for pathogenic microbiology laboratories is essential to achieving scientific, efficient, and standardized management and operation. This article analyzes the current standardization construction in biosafety in pathogenic microbiology laboratories domestically and internationally. It proposes a framework for the biosafety standard system of pathogenic microbiology laboratories, which mainly includes four parts: basic standards, management standards, technical standards, and industry applications. It provides a reference for the standardization work of pathogenic microbiology laboratories and helps to standardize the biosafety industry in China.

【Objective】 Until now, most clinical and basic studies on Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) have focused on the visible deformed extremities, and there is a lack of reports concerning their spinal features, especially for the atlantoaxial joint. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and radiographic features of atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) in KBD in adult patients. 【Methods】 The prevalence and radiographic features of AAD were determined by the basic information collected, clinical symptoms, and lateral and dynamic plain radiography in 111 KBD patient and 120 non-KBD participants. In the KBD group, AAD and non-AAD patients were compared in age, gender, height, weight, BMI, smoking history, chronic history, disease duration and grade of disease so as to identify the related factors of the occurrence of AAD. 【Results】 Symptoms at the neck or neurological manifestations were present in 17.5% (21/120) in the non-KBD population and 39.6% (44/111) patients with KBD. AAD case was not detected in the non-KBD population, while in 16.2% (18/111) of KBD patients in the endemic area. The prevalence was higher in the KBD patients than in the non-KBD population, and there was a significant difference in the detection rate of AAD between the two groups (χ²=21.10, P<0.001). Plain radiography demonstrated that there were 10 (55.6%) cases with separation of the odontoid process and the other 8 (44.4%) cases with hypoplasia of odontoid process. Anterior AAD was noted in 12 (66.7%) patients and posterior AAD in 6 (33.3%) cases based on the displacement direction, while 16 (88.9%) cases were reducible and 2 (11.1%) cases were irreducible on the basis of the reducibility. Comparing the 93 patients with non-AAD KBD patients and 18 patients with AAD patients, there was no significant difference in age, sex, BMI, history of medical disease or smoking (all P>0.05). There were significant differences in height, weight, disease duration and grade of disease between AAD and non-AAD patients (all P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 KBD can cause the occurrence of atlantoaxial dislocation by inducing separation or hypoplasia of the odontoid process. This research may provide clinical evidence for screening, earlier prevention and treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation in adult KBD patients.

Objective:To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen intervention on inflammatory factors and wound healing in patients with perianal abscess after operation.Methods:A total of 70 patients who undergone one-time radical perianal abscess incision and drainage in the Anyang Third People’s Hospital from July 2018 to December 2019 were selected and single-blindly grouped into control group and study group by using the envelope method，with 35 cases in each group. The control group received conventional dressing change after operation，while the study group additionally received postoperative hyperbaric oxygen therapy starting from the day of operation. The wound healing，the level of inflammatory factors 10 days after the operation，and the occurrence of complications in the two groups were observed.Results:The wound healing time of the study group was significantly shorter than that of the control group（ P<0.05），and the wound area reduced rate was significantly greater than that of the control group（ P<0.05）. After 10 days of treatment，the levels of serum activin-A（ACTA），interleukin 6（IL-6），and C-reactive protein（CRP）in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment（ P<0.01），and the serum levels of IL-6 and CRP in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group（ P<0.05），but there was no statistically significant difference between the ACTA levels of the two groups（ P>0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidences of wound allergy，granulomatous edema，and eczema，nor in the total incidence of complications between the two groups after treatment（ χ2=2.155， P=0.133）. Conclusion:Hyperbaric oxygen intervention can effectively promote wound healing after perianal abscess operation，reduce inflammatory factors，and has high safety. It can be further promoted and applied in clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen intervention on inflammatory factors and wound healing in patients with perianal abscess after operation.Methods:A total of 70 patients who undergone one-time radical perianal abscess incision and drainage in the Anyang Third People’s Hospital from July 2018 to December 2019 were selected and single-blindly grouped into control group and study group by using the envelope method，with 35 cases in each group. The control group received conventional dressing change after operation，while the study group additionally received postoperative hyperbaric oxygen therapy starting from the day of operation. The wound healing，the level of inflammatory factors 10 days after the operation，and the occurrence of complications in the two groups were observed.Results:The wound healing time of the study group was significantly shorter than that of the control group（ P<0.05），and the wound area reduced rate was significantly greater than that of the control group（ P<0.05）. After 10 days of treatment，the levels of serum activin-A（ACTA），interleukin 6（IL-6），and C-reactive protein（CRP）in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment（ P<0.01），and the serum levels of IL-6 and CRP in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group（ P<0.05），but there was no statistically significant difference between the ACTA levels of the two groups（ P>0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidences of wound allergy，granulomatous edema，and eczema，nor in the total incidence of complications between the two groups after treatment（ χ2=2.155， P=0.133）. Conclusion:Hyperbaric oxygen intervention can effectively promote wound healing after perianal abscess operation，reduce inflammatory factors，and has high safety. It can be further promoted and applied in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the clinical outcomes using posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy (PECD) for single level cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR).Methods From October 2015 to June 2016,33 patients (23 men,10 women,mean age 54.0 years,range from 30 to 85 years) who had single level CSR were treated by PECD,and the medical records were reviewed.All patients were followed up for an average of 13.5±4.6 months (range from 12 to 22 months).The operation related parameters (operation time,estimated blood loss,length of hospitalization,complications) and clinical parameters,including neck visual analog scale (Neck-VAS),ann visual analog scale (Arm-VAS),neck disability index (NDI) and the modified Macnab criteria were assessed at 3,6,and 12 months postoperatively and last follow-up.Disc height,shell angle,C2-C7 Cobb angle and range of motion were recorded preoperatively and at 3 months,6 months,12 months and last follow-up postoperatively.Results The mean operation time was 76.4±26.6 minutes (range from 40 to 120 minutes),the mean estimated blood loss was 30.2±15.6 ml (range from 20 to 80 ml),and the mean length of hospitalization was 3.5± 1.1 days (range from 2 to 8 days).There was significant decrease at different time points postoperatively in Neck-VAS,Arm-VAS,and NDI when compared with preoperatively (P＜ 0.05).According to the modified Macnab criteria,there was excellent concordance in 20 patients (60.6％),good in 7 patients (21.2％) and fair in 6 patients (18.2％) at the last follow-up.The disc height was significantly decreased at postoperative 3 months and 1 year compared with at preoperative (F=95.1,P＜0.01).The shell angle of index level (F=35.4.,P＜0.01),upper adjacent level (F=30.1,P＜0.01),lower adjacent level (F=1 1.7,P＜0.01) as well as spinal function units (F=22.2,P＜0.01) were increased significantly at postoperative compared with at preoperative.The range of motion of index level (F=8.1,P＜0.01) and upper adjacent level (F=64.0,P＜0.01) increased significantly at postoperative compared with at preoperative.The range of motion in lower adjacent level (F=1.5,P=0.23),spine functional unit of index level (F=2.9,P=0.06),as well as C2-C7 (F=0.6,P=0.56) had no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative 1 year (P＞0.05).One patient turned into traditional ACDF procedure because of hemorrhage limiting the vision during PECD operation.Upper extremity numbness and pain deteriorated in one case after a PECD procedure and was revised with ACDF at last.No other complications,like spinal cord injury,cervical root injury,cerebral spinal fluid leakage,infection as well as recurrence were found.Conclusion PECD,which can maintain normal cervical range of motion and intervertebral disc height,is a minimally invasive and essential procedure for CSR treatment with minor trauma,excellent outcome and quick recovery.Surgeon's experience,however,is needed in case of turning into open surgery for good outcome.

Objective:To observe the repair effect of nano hydroxyapatite/magnesium(nHA-Mg)porous composite material modified by poly lactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer(PLGA) on the jaw bone defect of rabbits,and to elucidate the mechanisms preliminary.Methods:The mandibular defect models of 10 mm×5 mm×1 mm in the 18 rabbits were established.Nine rabbits were selected and implanted with nHA-Mg composite materials modified by PLGA in the left as experimental group and the right as blank control group;the other nine were implanted with nHA-Mg in the left as positive control group and the right as blank control group.The rabbits were sacrificed at 4, 8, 12 weeks (respectively 3 of experimental group and positive control group every time)and the mandibular defect areas were intercepted and observed by imaging and histological examination;the sizes of the newborn trabecula area and residual materials in experimental group and positive control group were compared.Results:Compared with positive control group and blank control group, the percentage of newborn trabecula area of the rabbits in experimental group was increased (P<0.05),and there was no statistic difference between positive control group and blank control group (P>0.05).The imaging results showed that the new bone formation can be observed in experimental group and better than positive control group and blank control group.The paraffin section results indicated that there were visible vascular tissue and newborn trabecula,the osteoblasts gathered around the bone trabecula;a lot of pits were located in the bone trabecula, and the pits contained osteocytes in experimental group.As the prolongation of time,thickened newborn trabecula, dense arrangement and trend of converting to lamellar bone were observed in experimental group.The hard tissue section results showed that the remaining amount of materials in experimental group was more than that in positive control group.Conclusion:nHA-Mg porous composite materials modified by PLGA can effectively reduce the rate of degradation in the body, promote osteogenesis and guide the bone regeneration.

Objective To investigate the short-term clinical outcome and radiographic assessment of Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion to indirectly decompress for the degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis with or without lumbar spine instability.Methods All of 15 patients with diagnosis of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis with or without lumbar spine instability (7 males and 8 females,age from 36y to 86,mean age 53.5± 15.2 y) were treated with OLIF surgery in our spine surgery center.The main symptoms included lumbar pain with unilateral or bilateral leg pain or intermittent claudication.The Visual analogue scale (VAS),Oswestry disability index (ODI),Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and SF-36 scores were used to assess the clinical effect pre and post-operatively while radiographic assessments were compared as well as comprehensive evaluation of the radiography,MRI,and CT images.Results All patients were followed up for an average of 12.5 (6-21) months.And all the patients enjoyed alleviation of symptoms although varying in extent.The radiographic results showed satisfactory indirect decompression of the neuro-elements,as well as reduction of the lumbar spine.The DH,VH and FH increased by 3.6mm,4.8mm and 5.7mm respectively.The foraminal area (FA) and canal area (CA) enlarged by 44.2mm2 and 24.8mm2.The canal diameters (CD) and disk-flavum ligamentum space (DLFS) increased by 2.5mm and 2mm respectively.The foraminal diameters (FD) increased by 0.3mm,but there was not significantly different.The segment angle and lumbar lordosis angle were partially restored after operation,and the angle increased by 14 ° and 13.6 °respectively.One of the patients had a transient paresthesia and mild weakness of muscle when hip flexor and recovered within 3 months.Another one case encountered serious back pain after a month and alleviated after reoperation with PPF.Conclusion OLIF can provide a satisfactory outcome for the patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis through indirectly decompression,which can increase the disc height,foramen height,canal diameter and disk-flavum ligamentum space.

Objective To compare the effects of selenium nanoparticles (Nano-Se) and sodium selenium (Na2SeO3) on apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of articular chondrocytes from patients with Kashin-Beck Disease (KBD) in vitro,and provide a scientific basis for preventing KBD.Methods The subjects with KBD were diagnosed on National Clinical Diagnostic Criteria of KBD (WS/T207-2010),articular cartilage from 8 patients undertaken joint replacement operation were collected.In vitro,chondrocytes were treated with concentration of 0,25,50,100,200,300,400 and 500 μg/L of Nano-Se and Na2SeO3 for 5 d,respectively.Cell growth was detected by MTT assay,and the highest concentration and time corresponding to the highest survival rate of Nano-Se and Na2SeO3 were used in the following experiment.KBD chondrocytes were treated with Nano-Se and Na2SeO3,and divided into control group,Na2SeO3 group,Nano-Se group according to the randomized design.Each group had 8 cases.The cell apoptosis and ROS were detected by flow cytometry.Results The optimal intervention concentration of Nano-Se and Na2SeO3 was 100 and 400 μg/L,respectively.The optimal intervention time of NanoSe and Na2SeO3 both was 3 days.There was a significant decrease in the total and terminal apoptosis,ROS level of chondrocytes in Nano-Se group [(4.67 ± 0.89)％,(1.51 ± 0.48)％,(56.04 ± 4.81)％] and Na2SeO3 group [(7.07 ±0.25)％,(4.37 ± 0.37)％,(87.13 ± 6.60)％] compared with those of control group [(9.95 ± 0.38)％,(6.93 ± 0.42)％,(125.17 ± 16.60)％,all P ＜ 0.01].The difference of early apoptotic rate among control group,Na2SeO3 group,NanoSe group [(3.02 ± 0.41)％,(2.7 ± 0.46)％,(3.16 ± 0.56)％] was not statistically significant (F =2.11,P =0.35).Conclusion Appropriate concentration of Nano-Se can significantly decrease oxidative stress of KBD chondrocytes and inhibit apoptosis compared to Na2SeO3.

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF)on the gingival wound healing, and to lay a foundation for its application in the field of oral cavity.Methods 16 healthy rabbits were randomly divided into experiment and control groups(n=8).2 mm upper and lower incisors’labial gingivae were removed by scalpel. After operation, rhGM-CSF gel was applied to the surface of the wound gum in experiment group,while saline instead of drugs to the control group.2 rabbits were executed at 3,7,11,and 15 d after operation.HE staining was performed to observe the epithelium and epithelial connective tissue structure, distribution, and the changes of various cells of the rats;the number of positive epithelial cells and fibroblasts were observed by PCNA dyeing.Results On the 3rd day,the inflammatory cell infiltration was found in two groups, but a greater number of the cells were observed in experiment group;neovascularization was seen in both groups on the 7th day,and the fibroblasts and collagen fibers were observed too,but the extent of neovascularization in experiment group was more significant. On the 11th day, the fibroblasts proliferation was seen in two groups,but the extent in experiment group was more widely;on the 15th day,the trauma of gingivae of the rabbits in two groups returned to normal,there was no significant difference between two groups.Over time,the number of epithelial cells in proliferation was gradually increased,reached the peak on the 15th day.The number of fibroblasts began to increase from the 3rd day and reached the peak on the 11th day,and significantly reduced to the lowest value on the 15th day.The number of proliferative epithelial cells in experiment group was significantly higher (P<0.01)on the 3rd day and the 11th day than those in control group (P<0.01);the number of proliferative fibroblasts was significantly higher (P<0.05)on the 11th day and the 15th day than those in control group (P<0.05 ), but there were no significantly statistical differences between two groups at other time pionts(P>0.05).Conclusion RhGM-CSF can promote the infiltration of inflammatory cells, angiogenesis,proliferation of epithelial cells and fibroblasts in gingivae. RhGM-CSF is beneficial with wound healing on gum tissue.