Mass cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) combines traditional flow cytometry with mass spectrometry, allowing for high-throughput, multiplexed measurements of up to 40 parameters. It offers advantages such as unique metal label tags, no need for compensation calculations, high throughput, and diversified data processing. CyTOF has been applied in many fields of medicine, including signaling pathways, growth and development, tumor microenvironments, autoimmune diseases, infections, immunotherapy, and organ transplantation. This article reviews recent progress in the application of CyTOF in the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and research of pediatric diseases to enhance its utility in diagnosis and treatment.

Mass cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) combines traditional flow cytometry with mass spectrometry, allowing for high-throughput, multiplexed measurements of up to 40 parameters. It offers advantages such as unique metal label tags, no need for compensation calculations, high throughput, and diversified data processing. CyTOF has been applied in many fields of medicine, including signaling pathways, growth and development, tumor microenvironments, autoimmune diseases, infections, immunotherapy, and organ transplantation. This article reviews recent progress in the application of CyTOF in the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and research of pediatric diseases to enhance its utility in diagnosis and treatment.

Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) is a kind of new brominated flame retardants, which is widely used as a replace of decabromodiphenyl ether in electronic appliances, textiles and other goods. This review summarizes environmental levels and body burden of human beings of DBDPE in recent years. The data shows that the concentration of DBDPE in the environment and human tissues shows an upward trend. According to limited experiments about its toxicity, DBDPE shows similar toxicity to decabromodiphenyl ether. DBDPE can interfere thyroid hormones balance, and cause damage to liver, reproductive development, kidney, et al, which implies that DBDPE might be another new persistent organic pollutant. Further researches are needed.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and the antibiotics resistance patterns in children with positive blood culture of Escherichia coli. Methods The clinical data of children with positive blood culture of Escherichia coli were retrospectively analyzed from Jan.2007 to Dec.2014. Results In a total of 154774 children who had blood culture in the study period, 8446 children were positive, among whom 408 (4.83%) children were isolated Escherichia coli. The children with the positive blood culture of Escherichia coli mainly were under one year old (51.72%), of which 36.77%was neonates. There were 275 children had underlying diseases, and the most common disease was Leukemia. 199 (48.77%) Escherichia coli strains were producing extended spectrumβ-lactamase (ESBLs) and 85.23%were resistant to ampicillin. All strains were susceptible to meropenem. Conclusions Septicemia caused by Escherichia coli is usually occurred in children with leukemia or in neonates. Since blood infections of Escherichia coil had high rate of ESBLs, the use of carbapenem antibiotics should be cautious.