Cultivating general dentists who master standardized periodontal diagnosis and treatment techniques is conducive to the prevention and control of periodontal diseases, as well as to the improvement of oral health of our population. Manual supragingival scaling is the most important essential skill of periodontal initial therapy, and also the basic periodontal diagnosis and treatment technique that every general practitioner should know. This article starts from the reasons why manual supragingival scaling is important and how to standardize the teaching and training of manual supragingival scaling, unfolding the first chapter of basic periodontal diagnosis and treatment training to provide reference for promoting the standardized development of periodontology education in China.

Objective To investigate etiology and pathological morphological characteristics of sudden death caused by non-atherosclerotic aortic dissection. Propose accurate diagnosis of non-atherosclerotic aortic dissection by a proper method to autopsy. Methods A total of 8 cases of non-atherosclerotic aortic dissection from 2007 to 2015 were evaluated and analyzed in the present study. Results Non-atherosclerotic aortic dissection rupture is more common in men under the age of 40. It is lack of a typical clinical symptoms and had no marked history of hypertension. There are no related pathological changes of hypertension observed in autopsy. The pathological type is mainly DeBakey 1, in the main arteries,where it was found that decrease of elastic fibers and smooth muscle, cystic degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration and other changes in media membrane. These changes were also found in the media arteries in 5 cases. Conclusion The etiology of non-atherosclerotic aortic dissection is complex, which is closely associated with many factors, such as genetics and inflammation. It affects the vessels systemically. In addition, systematic examination of large vessels is necessary as well as the examination of the middle arteries during autopsy. It is suggested that genetic tests are carried out for definite diagnosis.