Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor (PHNET) is an extremely rare subtype of neuroendocrine tumor (NET), accounting for approximately 0.3% - 4.0% of all NETs. This study reports a case of PHNET treated with ABO-incompatible liver transplantation. Intraoperatively, double filtration plasmapheresis was performed to remove antibodies. Postoperatively, the patient's blood concentrations of immunosuppressive drugs and liver function were closely monitored. The recipient maintained stable drug levels, with a gradual recovery of liver function. No acute rejection occurred, and the patient was successfully discharged.

Objective:To evaluate the treatment outcome of liver transplantation for patients with polycystic liver disease (PLD).Methods:Clinical data of 28 PLD patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from May 2014 to November 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 10 males and 18 females, aged (50.4±6.6) years. Patients were divided into liver transplantation group ( n=15) and non-liver transplantation group ( n=13). In the liver transplantation group, we analyzed seve-ral critical parameters including methods of liver transplantation, intra-abdominal fluid volume, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative red blood cell transfusion requirements, and postoperative complications. The prognosis of the two groups were also compared. Results:Among the 28 patients with PLD, 15 underwent liver transplantation, including 11 classic in situ liver transplantations, one modified back-to-back liver transplantation, and three liver-kidney combined transplantations. The 15 patients had 2 000 (300, 4 000) ml of abdominal fluid, 1 000 (600, 2 000) ml of intraoperative blood loss, and 8.0 (6.0, 17.0) U of red blood cells transfused during the operation. Postoperative complications occurred in eight cases, with four of which were managemed successfully, and the other four died. The 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates of after liver transplantation were 80.0%, 80.0%, and 73.3%, respectively. The 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates of patients with PLD without liver transplantation were 69.2%, 46.2%, and 38.5%, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=3.91, P=0.048). Conclusion:Liver transplantation is a treatment option for patients with PLD, with a better long-term survival compared to patients without liver transplantation.

Objective:To investigate the value of tumor volume to uterine volume ratio (N/U) combined with the expression of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), sugar antigen 199 (CA199) and human epididymal secretory protein 4 (HE4) in evaluating the pathologic grade and prognosis of endometrial carcinoma (EC) .Methods:A total of 160 EC patients admitted to Linyi Central Hospital from Jan. 2021 to Dec. 2023 were divided into low-grade group and high-grade group according to FIGO grading method, and were divided into poor prognosis group and good prognosis group according to cancer death, recrudescence. The levels of N/U, AFP, CA199 and HE4 in patients with different pathologic grades and prognosis were compared. COX regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of EC adverse prognosis, ROC curve was used to analyze the value of N/U combined with serum AFP, CA199 and HE4 in predicting EC adverse prognosis, and a nomogram model was constructed.Results:Pathological examination of 160 EC patients showed that 12 cases were non-endometrioid adenocarcinoma, 148 cases were endometrioid adenocarcinoma, 41 cases were high-grade and 119 cases were low-grade.According to the follow-up, 94 of the 160 EC patients had good prognosis and 66 had poor prognosis. The levels of N/U, AFP, CA199 and HE4 in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group ( P<0.05). COX regression analysis showed that high levels of N/U, AFP, CA199 and HE4 were all factors affecting the poor prognosis of EC patients ( P<0.05). The AUC value of combined detection of N/U, AFP, CA199 and HE4 in predicting adverse prognosis of EC patients was higher than that of single detection ( Z=3.140, 3.658, 4.277, 4.378, P<0.05) .The ROC curve AUC (95% CI) of the training set and the validation set were 0.84 (0.77-0.92) and 0.90 (0.81-0.98) respectively for the training set and the validation set to predict the adverse prognosis of EC patients. Calibration curve results showed that the calibration curve for EC patients predicted by the nomogram model was close to the ideal curve ( P=0.521, 0.743). The DCA curve shows that the probability threshold of the nomogram model has a higher positive net return at 20%~100%. Conclusion:The levels of N/U, AFP, CA199 and HE4 in EC patients are related to the pathologic grade, and the combined detection of these indicators can predict the poor prognosis of EC patients, and the nomogram model constructed based on these indicators has high predictive value.

Objective:To investigate the value of tumor volume to uterine volume ratio (N/U) combined with the expression of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), sugar antigen 199 (CA199) and human epididymal secretory protein 4 (HE4) in evaluating the pathologic grade and prognosis of endometrial carcinoma (EC) .Methods:A total of 160 EC patients admitted to Linyi Central Hospital from Jan. 2021 to Dec. 2023 were divided into low-grade group and high-grade group according to FIGO grading method, and were divided into poor prognosis group and good prognosis group according to cancer death, recrudescence. The levels of N/U, AFP, CA199 and HE4 in patients with different pathologic grades and prognosis were compared. COX regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of EC adverse prognosis, ROC curve was used to analyze the value of N/U combined with serum AFP, CA199 and HE4 in predicting EC adverse prognosis, and a nomogram model was constructed.Results:Pathological examination of 160 EC patients showed that 12 cases were non-endometrioid adenocarcinoma, 148 cases were endometrioid adenocarcinoma, 41 cases were high-grade and 119 cases were low-grade.According to the follow-up, 94 of the 160 EC patients had good prognosis and 66 had poor prognosis. The levels of N/U, AFP, CA199 and HE4 in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group ( P<0.05). COX regression analysis showed that high levels of N/U, AFP, CA199 and HE4 were all factors affecting the poor prognosis of EC patients ( P<0.05). The AUC value of combined detection of N/U, AFP, CA199 and HE4 in predicting adverse prognosis of EC patients was higher than that of single detection ( Z=3.140, 3.658, 4.277, 4.378, P<0.05) .The ROC curve AUC (95% CI) of the training set and the validation set were 0.84 (0.77-0.92) and 0.90 (0.81-0.98) respectively for the training set and the validation set to predict the adverse prognosis of EC patients. Calibration curve results showed that the calibration curve for EC patients predicted by the nomogram model was close to the ideal curve ( P=0.521, 0.743). The DCA curve shows that the probability threshold of the nomogram model has a higher positive net return at 20%~100%. Conclusion:The levels of N/U, AFP, CA199 and HE4 in EC patients are related to the pathologic grade, and the combined detection of these indicators can predict the poor prognosis of EC patients, and the nomogram model constructed based on these indicators has high predictive value.

Objective:To evaluate the treatment outcome of liver transplantation for patients with polycystic liver disease (PLD).Methods:Clinical data of 28 PLD patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from May 2014 to November 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 10 males and 18 females, aged (50.4±6.6) years. Patients were divided into liver transplantation group ( n=15) and non-liver transplantation group ( n=13). In the liver transplantation group, we analyzed seve-ral critical parameters including methods of liver transplantation, intra-abdominal fluid volume, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative red blood cell transfusion requirements, and postoperative complications. The prognosis of the two groups were also compared. Results:Among the 28 patients with PLD, 15 underwent liver transplantation, including 11 classic in situ liver transplantations, one modified back-to-back liver transplantation, and three liver-kidney combined transplantations. The 15 patients had 2 000 (300, 4 000) ml of abdominal fluid, 1 000 (600, 2 000) ml of intraoperative blood loss, and 8.0 (6.0, 17.0) U of red blood cells transfused during the operation. Postoperative complications occurred in eight cases, with four of which were managemed successfully, and the other four died. The 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates of after liver transplantation were 80.0%, 80.0%, and 73.3%, respectively. The 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates of patients with PLD without liver transplantation were 69.2%, 46.2%, and 38.5%, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=3.91, P=0.048). Conclusion:Liver transplantation is a treatment option for patients with PLD, with a better long-term survival compared to patients without liver transplantation.

Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor (PHNET) is an extremely rare subtype of neuroendocrine tumor (NET), accounting for approximately 0.3% - 4.0% of all NETs. This study reports a case of PHNET treated with ABO-incompatible liver transplantation. Intraoperatively, double filtration plasmapheresis was performed to remove antibodies. Postoperatively, the patient's blood concentrations of immunosuppressive drugs and liver function were closely monitored. The recipient maintained stable drug levels, with a gradual recovery of liver function. No acute rejection occurred, and the patient was successfully discharged.

ObjectiveTo determine the characteristics， viral load and immunological status of HIV-infected persons and their spouses who became HIV-positive， and the reasons for HIV seroconversion in 55 HIV discordant couples in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture （Dehong Prefecture）， Yunan Province. MethodsData on the 55 couples meeting the criteria of having a previously positive spouse were retrieved from the AIDS Integrated Prevention and Control Data Information System of the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System during 2015-2021. General socio-demographic information， age at diagnosis， exposure history， CD4⁺T lymphocyte count， and antiviral treatment were collected. Descriptive analysis and chi-square test were used to compare the distribution of pre-HIV-positive spouses and their HIV seroconverted spouses. ResultsA total of 55 spouses from HIV discordant couples had HIV seroconversion. Of them， 72.7% （40/55） of pre-HIV-positive spouses were husbands. The most recent CD4⁺T lymphocyte count in the pre-HIV-positive spouses was （328.31±246.27） cells·μL^-1 at the time of diagnosis of their seroconverted spouses， of which 36.3% （20/55） had a CD4⁺T lymphocyte count of less than 200 cells·μL^-1. Furthermore， of those pre-HIV-positive spouses with low CD4⁺T lymphocyte count， 45.0% （9/20） had an undetectable viral load， 15.0% （3/20） <400 copies·mL^-1， and 25.0%（5/20） ≥400 copies·mL^-1. Additionally， 16.4% （9/55） of the pre-HIV-positive spouses did not have a viral load test. The main reasons for HIV seroconversion among HIV-negative spouses in the discordant couples were poor condom use， poor compliance with antiviral therapy， and treatment discontinuation. ConclusionThe follow-up management of HIV discordant couples should be strengthened in Dehong Prefecture， especially the monitoring of viral load levels and immunological status of pre-HIV-positive spouses， to improve their compliance with antiviral therapy and reduce treatment discontinuation， which would effectively prevent and control HIV transmission between spouses.

ObjectiveTo determine the characteristics and influencing factors of hepatitis C virus （HCV） co-infection among HIV concordant couples in Dehong Prefecture. MethodsUsing the data of newly reported HIV concordant couples in Dehong Prefecture from 2016 to 2019， we collected the demographic characteristics， exposure history， and HCV infection to determine the characteristics of HCV co-infection among HIV concordant couples. ResultsAmong the 160 HIV concordant couples included in the study， 46 （28.8%） males and 14 （8.8%） females were co-infected with HCV. The prevalence of HIV-HCV co-infection was higher among the male spouses who were diagnosed less than 40， Jingpo ethnic， Burmese， illiteracy， farmers， and intravenous drug users. In contrast， the prevalence of HIV-HCV co-infection was higher among the female spouses who were diagnosed less than 40， Jingpo ethnic， and Burmese. Logistic regression analysis among male spouses showed that the Jingpo ethnic and intravenous drug users had higher risk of HCV co-infection. ConclusionHIV concordant couples in Dehong Prefecture have high prevalence of HIV-HCV co-infection. Effective intervention strategies should be developed based on ethnic-specific factors and exposure characteristics among male and female spouses of HIV concordant couples.

ObjectiveTo investigate the demographic characteristics， high-risk behavior and first CD4⁺T cell（CD4 cell） counts among newly reported HIV-infected Burmese in Dehong Dai Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture （Dehong Prefecture） from 2019 to 2020. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among newly reported HIV-infected Burmese cases in Dehong Prefecture from 2019 to 2020 to collect related information and measure their first CD4 cell counts. ResultsAmong 1 228 HIV-infected Burmese cases， 846 （68.9%） were males and 382 （31.1%） were females； 445 （36.2%） were from Kachin， and 210（17.1%） were from Shan. Of them， 960 cases （78.2%） had participated in the first CD4 cell counts testing， and 405 cases （42.2%） had a first CD4 cell counts <350 cells·μL^-1. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis， age ≥30 years （adjusted OR=1.44， 95%CI： 1.07‒1.92） and history of illicit drug use in Myanmar （adjusted OR=0.41， 95%CI： 0.21‒0.79） were independently associated with first CD4 cell counts <350 cells·μL^-1. ConclusionThe first CD4 cell counts are generally low among newly reported HIV-infected Burmese in Dehong Prefecture， especially those aged ≥ 30 years and with a history of intravenous drug use in Myanmar. Therefore， early detection of HIV infection should be strengthened for timely intervention and treatment management among Burmese.

Objective To analyze the effects of Hual qi huang granules on children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.Methods A randomized,multicenter parallel controlled clinical trial was carried out.A total of 3 000 cases of hospitalized children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia were selected.All of them were given treatment for mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with macrolide antibiotics and symptomatic treatment.They were randomly divided into 2 groups:research group and control group.The children of research group were give oral Huai qi huang granules for three months.According to the classification of pneumonia,these two groups were divided into:lobar pneumonia research group,lobar pneumonia control group,lobular pneumonia research group,lobular pneumonia control group.The hospitalization duration of fever,length of hospital stay,the absorption area of lung inflammation and pneumonia severity sores were observed.The frequency of upper respiratory infections,bronchitis,pneumonia were observed in 3 months after discharge.Results 2 378 cases were investigated.The hospitalization duration of fever,length of hospital stay of research group were significantly shorter than that of in control group (P ＜ 0.001).The children with lobar pneumonia,2 weeks after treatment,the absorption of consolidation of the lobar pneumonia research group is significantly better than lobar pneumonia control group (P ＜0.001).After two weeks treatment,the pneumonia scores of lobar pneumonia research group is lower than lobar pneumonia control group (P ＜ 0.05).Followup of 3 months after hospital discharge,frequency of upper respiratory infection and bronchitis of research group,were significantly lower than that of control.In addition,appetite increased significantly in research group than control (P ＜ 0.001).There are 21 cases with drug associated adverse reactions (mild diarrhea),including 12 cases of research group,9 cases of control group,and there was no statistical significance (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Standard treatment combined with oral Huai qi huang granules in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia,can significantly shorten hospitalization duration of fever,length of hospital stay and reduce the severity score of pneumonia.Three months oral Huai qi huang granules can significant reduce the frequency of respiratory infections and bronchitis,also can increase patients appetite,and be safe.