46XY simple gonadal hypoplasia, also known as Sweyer syndrome, patients often due to primary amenorrhea or pubertal secondary sex characteristics do not develop the doctor, its combined gonadal tumor is more likely, in the treatment process is often recommended prophylactic removal of gonads, postoperative hormone replacement therapy. We describe two patients diagnosed with Sweyer syndrome, one with gonadowlastoma and mature teratoma, and one with nodular Leydig cell hyperplasia and ectopic adrenal tissue, and reviews the literature.

ObjectiveTo identify the functions of the AP2/ERF family members in Pinellia ternata and promote the genetic improvement of P. ternata varieties. MethodWe identified and conducted a systematic bioinformatics analysis of the AP2/ERF family member genes in P. ternata based on the three generations of transcriptome data. Real-time polymerase Chain reaction　（Real-time） PCR was employed to determine the expression pattern of AP2/ERF genes in different tissues and under different stress conditions. ResultA total of eight full-length AP2/ERF family members were identified from the transcriptome data， which were classified into three sub-gene families： AP2， ERF， and DREB. The deduced AP2/ERF proteins in P. ternata had the length of 251-512 aa， the theoretical pI of 5.29-11.72， the instability index of 45.90-82.41， subcellular localization in the nucleus， and conserved domains and motifs. AP2/ERF genes were expressed in different tissues of P. ternata， with high expression levels in the leaf. The stress response experiments showed that PtERF1 mainly responded to NaCl stress. The expression of PtERF2 and PtERF4 was significantly up-regulated under low temperature and polyethylene glycol （PEG）-simulated stress. PtERF3 responded to both low temperature and NaCl stress. The expression of PtERF5 was induced by high temperature， low temperature， NaCl and PEG stress. The expression of PtERF7 was up-regulated under high temperature， while that of PtERF8 under low temperature. ConclusionThe AP2/ERF genes in P. ternata can respond to stress and have the potential functions of regulating photosynthesis and improving root stress resistance.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare customized porous silicone orbital implants using embedded 3D printing and assess the effect of surface modification on the properties of the implants. METHODS: The transparency, fluidity and rheological properties of the supporting media were tested to determine the optimal printing parameters of silicone. The morphological changes of silicone after modification were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, and the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of silicone surface were evaluated by measuring the water contact angle. The compression modulus of porous silicone was measured using compression test. Porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAOECs) were co-cultured with porous silicone scaffolds for 1, 3 and 5 days to test the biocompatibility of silicone. The local inflammatory response to subcutaneous porous silicone implants was evaluated in rats. RESULTS: The optimal printing parameters of silicone orbital implants were determined as the following: supporting medium 4% (mass ratio), printing pressure 1.0 bar and printing speed 6 mm/s. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the silicone surface was successfully modified with polydopamine and collagen, which significantly improved hydrophilicity of the silicone surface (P < 0.05) without causing significant changes in the compression modulus (P > 0.05). The modified porous silicone scaffold had no obvious cytotoxicity and obviously promoted adhesion and proliferation of PAOECs (P < 0.05). In rats bearing the subcutaneous implants, no obvious inflammation was observed in the local tissue. CONCLUSION Poprous silicone orbital implants with uniform pores can be prepared using embedded 3D printing technology, and surface modification obviously improves hydrophilicity and biocompatibility of the silicone implants for potential clinical application.
Animals ; Rats ; Swine ; Silicon ; Orbital Implants ; Endothelial Cells ; Porosity ; Silicones ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

Objective:To explore the value of high frequency ultrasound elastography in the differential diagnosis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) with thyroid nodules.Methods:112 HT patients complicated with thyroid nodule disease in Department of Ultrasound in Yantai Yantaishan Hospital from Jan. 2017 to Jan. 2020 were randomly selected for prospective study. All patients were diagnosed by routine ultrasound and high-frequency ultrasound elastography, and underwent surgical exploration and pathological diagnosis. Taking the postoperative pathological results as the gold standard, the specificity, sensitivity, negative-positive predictive value of conventional ultrasound and high-frequency ultrasound elastography in HT complicated with thyroid nodular disease were compared and analyzed, and the diagnostic efficacy was evaluated.Results:There were 138 nodules in 112 cases, including 47 benign nodules and 91 malignant nodules. The specificity and sensitivity of routine ultrasonography were 80.85% and 78.02%, respectively; The specificity and sensitivity of high frequency ultrasound elastography were 87.23% and 90.11%. Compared with conventional ultrasound, high frequency ultrasound elastography had higher specificity and sensitivity in detecting lesions ( χ2=4.54, 4.25, P=0.026, 0.039) . The negative predictive value of routine ultrasonography was 65.52%, the positive predictive value was 88.75%, and the ROC was 0.775. The best diagnostic cut-off point was 3.04. The negative predictive value of high frequency ultrasound elastography was 82.00%, the positive predictive value was 93.18%, the ROC was 0.812, and the best diagnostic cut-off point was 32.89 kpa. Compared with conventional ultrasound, high frequency ultrasound elastography had higher negative and positive predictive values ( χ2=4.35, 4.48, P=0.031, 0.027) . Conclusion:High frequency ultrasound elastography can improve the negative predictive value and sensitivity in the diagnosis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and thyroid cancer, judge the benign and malignant lesions, and provide more accurate data for early surgical treatment.

The responsibility of root is absorbing water and nutrients, it is an important plant tissue, but easily to be affected by biotic and abiotic stresses, affecting crop growth and yield. The design of a synthetic root-specific promoter provides candidate promoters for the functional analysis and efficient expression of stress-related genes in crop roots. In this study, a synthetic root-specific module (pro-SRS) was designed using tandem four-copies of root specific cis-acting elements (OSE1ROOTNODULE, OSE2ROOTNODULE, SP8BFIBSP8AIB, and ROOTMOTIFAPOX1), and fused with minimal promoter from the CaMV 35S promoter to synthesize an artificially synthetic SRSP promoter. The SRSP promoter was cloned in pCAMBIA2300.1 by replacing CaMV 35S promoter so as to drive GUS expression. The constructs with SRSP promoter were transformed in tobacco by Agrobacterium-mediated method. SRSP promoter conferred root-specific expression in transgenic tobacco plants through Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis and GUS histochemical staining analysis. It is indicated that the repeated arrangement of cis-acting elements can realize the expected function of the promoter. This study laid a theoretical foundation for the rational design of tissue-specific promoters.
Agrobacterium ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Roots ; genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Stress, Physiological ; Tobacco ; genetics ; growth & development ; Transformation, Genetic

Objective: To understand mental health status of primary school boarding pupils in rural families, and to explore specific intervention method suitable for mental health problems prevention and intervention among those children. Methods: Social emotional education was administered through family station among 105 rural primary school students in Gaohawo central primary school in Yanchi county of Ningxia Province. Mental health was evaluated by the Mental Health Rate Scale for Pupil (MHRSP) before and after intervention. Results: The average score of mental health of children with rural boarding students was (48.00±18.56), the detection rate of total score ≥65 was 19.05%, and the detection rate of with at least one dimension≥10 points was 100%. Mental health problems in different dimension was highest in personality defects (48.57%), followed by learning disabilities (43.81%), emotional disorders (25.71%), social adjustment disorders (18.10%) and morality defects (11.43%). After the intervention, the detection rate and total score of mental health problems among rural pupils decreased significantly compared to before intervention (χ2=20.60, 6.05, 43.58, 10.99, 12.73, P<0.05), and the detection rate of learning disabilities, mood disorders, personality disorders, social adaptation disorders, and moral defects decreased significantly (t=4.00, 3.31, 3.25, 3.31, 2.54, P<0.05). Conclusion Mental health problems of primary school students in rural areas are outstanding. Social and emotional education should be the focus of parents, schools, the community, as well as government. The social and emotional education of the "family station" activity could improve mental health among primary school pupils in rural areas, which is worth further promotion.

Objective To observe the changes of serum clara cell protein?16 ( CC?16 ) and monocyte chemotaxis protein?1 (MCP?1) level in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and to explore their relationship with the disease severity and prognosis of ARDS??Methods One hundred and fourteen patients with ARDS who were admitted to Changzhi People′s hospital from January 2017 to March 2018 were selected as the subjects??They were divided into mild group ( n＝37),moderate group (n＝41) and severe group ( n＝36) according to the severity of ARDS??Sixty healthy persons in out?patient examination were selected as control group??The survival situation of patients in 4 weeks were recorded,the patients were divided into survival group ( n＝65) and death group ( n＝49) according to their survival situation??The age,gender,body mass index (BMI),smoking history,acute physiology and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II ( APACHE II) score,sequential organ failure assessment ( SOFA) score, serum CC?16 and MCP?1 level were analyzed in each group??The relationship between serum CC?16,MCP?1 level and disease and prognosis of patients with ARDS were analyzed??Results With the increase of disease severity,APACHE II score, SOFA score and serum CC?16, MCP?1 level in patients with ARDS were significantly increased??The differences were statistically significant ( F＝1 216??886,1 339??247,290??879, 417??262; all P＝0??000)??The APACHE II score,SOFA score and serum CC?16,MCP?1 levels in the death group were (22??13± 2??47) scores,( 15??09 ± 1??97) scores,( 23??85 ± 4??27) μg／L, ( 36??64 ± 5??21) ng／L respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the survival group (18??25±2??35) scores,(13??23 ±2??03) scores,(17??34±4??13) μg／L,(27??93±4??88) ng／L,the differences were statistically significant (t＝8??538,4??905,8??211,9??146;all P＝0??000)??Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between serum CC?16 level and MCP?1 level in patients with ARDS ( r＝0??589, P ＝0??000)??Meanwhile,the CC?16,MCP?1 were positive correlation with APACHE II score,SOFA score and mortality (CC?16:r＝0??504,0??549,0??472;P＝0??000,0??000,0??012;MCP?1:r＝0??493,0??528,0??435;P＝0??006, 0??000,0??025)??APACHE II score ( OR＝3??083,95%CI:0??025－1??364,P＜0??05),CC?16 ( OR＝5??403, 95%CI:0??011－6??561, P＜0??05) and MCP?1 ( OR＝2??892, 95%CI: 0??034－1??619, P＜0??05) were all closely related to ARDS death??CC?16 independent detection, MCP?1 independent detection and the two combined detection predicted the under?curve area, sensitivity and specificity of ARDS patients with in 4 weeks were 0??830, 82??35% and 72??16%; 0??719, 79??25% and 72??19%; 0??866, 85??06% and 80??72%respectively??Conclusion CC?16,MCP?1 are abnormally high expression in serum of patients with ARDS, and its levels are closely related to the severity and prognosis of patients with ARDS??CC?16 combined with MCP?1 detection has high diagnostic value for patients with ARDS,which can be used as an effective index to judge the disease and prognosis of patients with ARDS??

Objective To investigate the effect of complement C3a on mouse podocytes phenotype transformation.Methods Purified C3a recombinant protein was used to stimulate mature mouse podocytes.The expression of the mature podocyte markers synaptopodin,podocin,nephrin,CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) and the mesenchymal cell markers fibroblast specific protein 1 (FSP-1),α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were detected by RT-PCR,Western blotting,immunochemistry and immunofluorescence,respectively.Some podocytes were transfected with integrin-linked kinase (ILK) siRNA before the administration of C3a,the expression of nephrin and α-SMA were accessed by Western blotting,and the expression of Snail and α-actinin 4 were accessed by Western blotting and immunochemical method.The migration ability of podocytes was observed by scratch test.Results Immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis showed that synaptopodin,podocin,nephrin,CD2AP were highly expressed by mature mouse podocytes.The expression of these podocyte markers could be markedly inhibited after 24 h of C3a (0.1 μmol/L) treatment,and accompanied by the induction of mesenchymal markers FSP-1 and α-SMA.Compared with control group,the mRNA levels of synaptopodin,podocin,CD2AP and nephrin were significantly repressed by the administration of C3a in a dose-dependent manner,whereas the transcription of FSP-1 and α-SMA were remarkably up-regulated by C3a treatment (P ＜ 0.05,respectively).Western blotting analysis also confirmed the decrease of synaptopodin,podocin,nephrin and CD2AP protein and the increase of FSP-1 and α-SMA protein were closely depend on the C3a concentration (P ＜ 0.05,respectively).To further assess the downstream of C3a,some podocytes were transfected with ILK siRNA before the administration of C3a.Compared with C3a group,the protein levels of nephrin and α-SMA were significantly changed by the administration of ILK siRNA (P ＜ 0.05,respectively).The expression of α-actinin 4 and Snail induced by C3a were inhibited by ILK knockdown (P ＜ 0.05,respectively),accompanied by a decline of cell migration potency.Conclusion Complement fragment C3a can induce transformation of mouse podocytes to mesenehymal cells,and ILK signaling pathway is involved in this cell type transformation.

Objective To measure and determine the position of the tibial attachment of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)in relation to its anterior ridge on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)of normal knee joints,and to explore the clinical role of the anterior ridge in guiding tunnel positioning during ACL reconstruction as well as in facilitating postoperative radiographic evaluation.Methods The knee MRI of one hundred young adult patients with an intact ACL and normal knee joint (mean age:25.1 years,range:18-40 years)was retrospectively reviewed.All MR images were obtained at full extension of the knee on the same MRI machine.Using digital image software on MRI,the measurements in the sagittal view were taken,including the depth of the tibia,the distance from the anterior edge of the tibial plateau to the most anterior and posterior portions of the ACL insertion on the tibia and the anterior ridge according to Staubli and Rauschning's method.Results The center of the tibial insertion of the ACL is located between 28.43％ and 50.94％ of the total anterior-posterior depth of the tibia,which was less than 43.3％ in 58 patients.The average distance from the anterior edge of the tibial plateau to the anterior ridge was 13.61 ± 2.17 mm (ranging from 8.03 to 18.65 mm),26.80％ ±3.89％ (ranging from 17.74％ to 33.94％)across the tibial plateau.There were significant positive correlations between the distance from the anterior edge of the tibial plateau to the most anterior portion of the ACL insertion and that to the anterior ridge.The distance from the most anterior portion of the ACL insertion to the anterior ridge was averaged 0.56 ± 0.68 mm (ranging from-0.28 to 2.71 mm).During the ACL reconstruction,with the anterior edge of the tibial tunnel determined at posterior 0.5 mm to the anterior ridge,the graft size as 8 mm,and the tibial guider angle set as 55 degree,96of the patients (96％)would have the center of the tibial tunnel located before the center of their native ACL attachment.Conclusions On sagittal MR images,the location of the anterior ridge and the most anterior portion of the ACL insertion correlated well,with the average distance between them of 0.56 mm.The study indicates that during ACL reconstruction,tibial tunnel drilling with the anterior edge of the ACL graft positioned at the anterior ridge can achieve a more anterior position than the traditional methods to orientate according to the center of the bone tunnel.

This study was aimed to summarize the clinical medication rule of professor Shi Qi in the treatment of cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type (CSA),in order to explore the academic ideas.A total of 265 CSA cases from professor Shi Qi's outpatient clinic were collected in Longhua Hospital from 2009 to 2015.Frequency analysis and cluster analysis were conducted on used herbal medicine from included cases by SPSS 21.00 software.The results showed that there were a total of 202 types of herbs used.The five most commonly used herbs were Rhizoma Ligustici Wallichii,Radix bupleuri,Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae,Codonopsis and Gastrodia elata.The cluster analysis revealed that professor Shi Qi frequently used Huo-Xue Hua-Yu herbs,Bu-Xu herbs,Ping-Gan Xi-Feng herbs,Qu-Feng-Shi herbs.Sheng-Yu decoction and Tian-Ma Gou-Teng decoction were the core prescriptions used by professor Shi Qi in the treatment of CSA.It was concluded that the cluster analysis showed that academic ideas of professor She in the treatment of CSA was to pay equal attention to both qi and blood,to focus on liver and kidney,as well as to remove phlegm and blood stagnation,to treat both the branch and the root.The cluster analysis revealed a certain medication rule of professor Shi Qi in the treatment of CSA.It can be used as guidance in the clinical practice.