The study aims to investigate the effects of adding different proportions of Codonopsis radix compound crude extracts to the rabbit diet on growth performance,immune status,intesti-nal enzyme activity,structure,and microbial composition.A total of 96 5-week-old New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups,with 6 replicates per group.The control group(BC)was fed a basal diet,while the experimental groups(CM-H and CM-L)were fed a basal diet supplemented with 1 000 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of Codonopsis radix compound crude extracts,re-spectively.The antibiotic group(CK)was fed a basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg of keto-tifen.The experimental period was 42 days.Blood samples were collected at days 21 and 42,and se-rum biochemical and immune markers were determined.Intestinal segments and contents were col-lected at day 42 for analysis of intestinal health.The results showed that compared with the BC group,the average daily gain,feed-to-gain ratio,and diarrhea rate were significantly higher(P＜0.05)in the CM-H and CM-L groups.The total cholesterol(Tchol)content in the serum was sig-nificantly lower in the CM-H group at day 21 and the CM-L group at day 42(P＜0.05).The high-density lipoprotein(HDL)was significantly higher in the CM-H and CM-L groups than in the CK group at day 42(P＜0.05),and the total protein(TP)in the serum was significantly higher in the CM-H and CM-L groups than in the BC group(P＜0.05).The IgG and IgM levels in the serum were significantly higher in the CM-H and CM-L groups than in the BC group(P＜0.05).In the CM-H and CM-L groups,the content of acetic acid in the colon was significantly higher than that in the BC group(P＜0.05).The content of propionic acid in the colon of the CM-L group was also significantly higher than that in the BC group(P＜0.05).The content of α-amylase in the duode-num,the content of trypsin in the duodenum,the pancreas,and the ileum of the CM-H group were significantly higher than those in the BC group(P＜0.05),and the content of trypsin in the duode-num of the CM-H group was significantly higher than those in the BC group and the CM-L group(P＜0.05).Compared with the BC group,the content of GPX1 in the ileum and jejunum of the CM-L group and the ileum of the CM-H group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the length of the villi in the duodenum of the CM-H group was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the BC group,the expression level of ZO-1 in the ileum of the CM-H group was significantly upregulated(P＜0.05),and the expression level of Claudin in the jejunum of the CM-H group and the CM-L group was significantly higher than that in the CK group(P＜0.05).The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the Sob index was significantly higher in the CM-L group compared to the BC group(P＜0.05).At the phylum level,the Firmicutes and Bacteroid-ota phyla were the main phyla.At the genus level,Akkermansia and Ruminococcus were the main genera.The relative abundance of Papillibacter and Eubacterium_ruminantium_group in the CM-L group was significantly higher than that in the CK group(P＜0.05).In summary,adding a Codonopsis radix compound crude extract to the diet can improve the growth performance,immu-nity,antioxidant capacity,integrity of intestinal mucosal structure,enzyme activity in the intestine,and increase the diversity of microorganisms in the blind intestine when the diet is supplemented with 500 mg/kg of Codonopsis radix compound crude extract.

The study aims to investigate the effects of adding different proportions of Codonopsis radix compound crude extracts to the rabbit diet on growth performance,immune status,intesti-nal enzyme activity,structure,and microbial composition.A total of 96 5-week-old New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups,with 6 replicates per group.The control group(BC)was fed a basal diet,while the experimental groups(CM-H and CM-L)were fed a basal diet supplemented with 1 000 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of Codonopsis radix compound crude extracts,re-spectively.The antibiotic group(CK)was fed a basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg of keto-tifen.The experimental period was 42 days.Blood samples were collected at days 21 and 42,and se-rum biochemical and immune markers were determined.Intestinal segments and contents were col-lected at day 42 for analysis of intestinal health.The results showed that compared with the BC group,the average daily gain,feed-to-gain ratio,and diarrhea rate were significantly higher(P＜0.05)in the CM-H and CM-L groups.The total cholesterol(Tchol)content in the serum was sig-nificantly lower in the CM-H group at day 21 and the CM-L group at day 42(P＜0.05).The high-density lipoprotein(HDL)was significantly higher in the CM-H and CM-L groups than in the CK group at day 42(P＜0.05),and the total protein(TP)in the serum was significantly higher in the CM-H and CM-L groups than in the BC group(P＜0.05).The IgG and IgM levels in the serum were significantly higher in the CM-H and CM-L groups than in the BC group(P＜0.05).In the CM-H and CM-L groups,the content of acetic acid in the colon was significantly higher than that in the BC group(P＜0.05).The content of propionic acid in the colon of the CM-L group was also significantly higher than that in the BC group(P＜0.05).The content of α-amylase in the duode-num,the content of trypsin in the duodenum,the pancreas,and the ileum of the CM-H group were significantly higher than those in the BC group(P＜0.05),and the content of trypsin in the duode-num of the CM-H group was significantly higher than those in the BC group and the CM-L group(P＜0.05).Compared with the BC group,the content of GPX1 in the ileum and jejunum of the CM-L group and the ileum of the CM-H group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the length of the villi in the duodenum of the CM-H group was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the BC group,the expression level of ZO-1 in the ileum of the CM-H group was significantly upregulated(P＜0.05),and the expression level of Claudin in the jejunum of the CM-H group and the CM-L group was significantly higher than that in the CK group(P＜0.05).The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the Sob index was significantly higher in the CM-L group compared to the BC group(P＜0.05).At the phylum level,the Firmicutes and Bacteroid-ota phyla were the main phyla.At the genus level,Akkermansia and Ruminococcus were the main genera.The relative abundance of Papillibacter and Eubacterium_ruminantium_group in the CM-L group was significantly higher than that in the CK group(P＜0.05).In summary,adding a Codonopsis radix compound crude extract to the diet can improve the growth performance,immu-nity,antioxidant capacity,integrity of intestinal mucosal structure,enzyme activity in the intestine,and increase the diversity of microorganisms in the blind intestine when the diet is supplemented with 500 mg/kg of Codonopsis radix compound crude extract.

46XY simple gonadal hypoplasia, also known as Sweyer syndrome, patients often due to primary amenorrhea or pubertal secondary sex characteristics do not develop the doctor, its combined gonadal tumor is more likely, in the treatment process is often recommended prophylactic removal of gonads, postoperative hormone replacement therapy. We describe two patients diagnosed with Sweyer syndrome, one with gonadowlastoma and mature teratoma, and one with nodular Leydig cell hyperplasia and ectopic adrenal tissue, and reviews the literature.

ObjectiveTo identify the functions of the AP2/ERF family members in Pinellia ternata and promote the genetic improvement of P. ternata varieties. MethodWe identified and conducted a systematic bioinformatics analysis of the AP2/ERF family member genes in P. ternata based on the three generations of transcriptome data. Real-time polymerase Chain reaction　（Real-time） PCR was employed to determine the expression pattern of AP2/ERF genes in different tissues and under different stress conditions. ResultA total of eight full-length AP2/ERF family members were identified from the transcriptome data， which were classified into three sub-gene families： AP2， ERF， and DREB. The deduced AP2/ERF proteins in P. ternata had the length of 251-512 aa， the theoretical pI of 5.29-11.72， the instability index of 45.90-82.41， subcellular localization in the nucleus， and conserved domains and motifs. AP2/ERF genes were expressed in different tissues of P. ternata， with high expression levels in the leaf. The stress response experiments showed that PtERF1 mainly responded to NaCl stress. The expression of PtERF2 and PtERF4 was significantly up-regulated under low temperature and polyethylene glycol （PEG）-simulated stress. PtERF3 responded to both low temperature and NaCl stress. The expression of PtERF5 was induced by high temperature， low temperature， NaCl and PEG stress. The expression of PtERF7 was up-regulated under high temperature， while that of PtERF8 under low temperature. ConclusionThe AP2/ERF genes in P. ternata can respond to stress and have the potential functions of regulating photosynthesis and improving root stress resistance.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare customized porous silicone orbital implants using embedded 3D printing and assess the effect of surface modification on the properties of the implants. METHODS: The transparency, fluidity and rheological properties of the supporting media were tested to determine the optimal printing parameters of silicone. The morphological changes of silicone after modification were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, and the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of silicone surface were evaluated by measuring the water contact angle. The compression modulus of porous silicone was measured using compression test. Porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAOECs) were co-cultured with porous silicone scaffolds for 1, 3 and 5 days to test the biocompatibility of silicone. The local inflammatory response to subcutaneous porous silicone implants was evaluated in rats. RESULTS: The optimal printing parameters of silicone orbital implants were determined as the following: supporting medium 4% (mass ratio), printing pressure 1.0 bar and printing speed 6 mm/s. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the silicone surface was successfully modified with polydopamine and collagen, which significantly improved hydrophilicity of the silicone surface (P < 0.05) without causing significant changes in the compression modulus (P > 0.05). The modified porous silicone scaffold had no obvious cytotoxicity and obviously promoted adhesion and proliferation of PAOECs (P < 0.05). In rats bearing the subcutaneous implants, no obvious inflammation was observed in the local tissue. CONCLUSION Poprous silicone orbital implants with uniform pores can be prepared using embedded 3D printing technology, and surface modification obviously improves hydrophilicity and biocompatibility of the silicone implants for potential clinical application.
Animals ; Rats ; Swine ; Silicon ; Orbital Implants ; Endothelial Cells ; Porosity ; Silicones ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

Objective:To explore the value of high frequency ultrasound elastography in the differential diagnosis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) with thyroid nodules.Methods:112 HT patients complicated with thyroid nodule disease in Department of Ultrasound in Yantai Yantaishan Hospital from Jan. 2017 to Jan. 2020 were randomly selected for prospective study. All patients were diagnosed by routine ultrasound and high-frequency ultrasound elastography, and underwent surgical exploration and pathological diagnosis. Taking the postoperative pathological results as the gold standard, the specificity, sensitivity, negative-positive predictive value of conventional ultrasound and high-frequency ultrasound elastography in HT complicated with thyroid nodular disease were compared and analyzed, and the diagnostic efficacy was evaluated.Results:There were 138 nodules in 112 cases, including 47 benign nodules and 91 malignant nodules. The specificity and sensitivity of routine ultrasonography were 80.85% and 78.02%, respectively; The specificity and sensitivity of high frequency ultrasound elastography were 87.23% and 90.11%. Compared with conventional ultrasound, high frequency ultrasound elastography had higher specificity and sensitivity in detecting lesions ( χ2=4.54, 4.25, P=0.026, 0.039) . The negative predictive value of routine ultrasonography was 65.52%, the positive predictive value was 88.75%, and the ROC was 0.775. The best diagnostic cut-off point was 3.04. The negative predictive value of high frequency ultrasound elastography was 82.00%, the positive predictive value was 93.18%, the ROC was 0.812, and the best diagnostic cut-off point was 32.89 kpa. Compared with conventional ultrasound, high frequency ultrasound elastography had higher negative and positive predictive values ( χ2=4.35, 4.48, P=0.031, 0.027) . Conclusion:High frequency ultrasound elastography can improve the negative predictive value and sensitivity in the diagnosis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and thyroid cancer, judge the benign and malignant lesions, and provide more accurate data for early surgical treatment.

The responsibility of root is absorbing water and nutrients, it is an important plant tissue, but easily to be affected by biotic and abiotic stresses, affecting crop growth and yield. The design of a synthetic root-specific promoter provides candidate promoters for the functional analysis and efficient expression of stress-related genes in crop roots. In this study, a synthetic root-specific module (pro-SRS) was designed using tandem four-copies of root specific cis-acting elements (OSE1ROOTNODULE, OSE2ROOTNODULE, SP8BFIBSP8AIB, and ROOTMOTIFAPOX1), and fused with minimal promoter from the CaMV 35S promoter to synthesize an artificially synthetic SRSP promoter. The SRSP promoter was cloned in pCAMBIA2300.1 by replacing CaMV 35S promoter so as to drive GUS expression. The constructs with SRSP promoter were transformed in tobacco by Agrobacterium-mediated method. SRSP promoter conferred root-specific expression in transgenic tobacco plants through Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis and GUS histochemical staining analysis. It is indicated that the repeated arrangement of cis-acting elements can realize the expected function of the promoter. This study laid a theoretical foundation for the rational design of tissue-specific promoters.
Agrobacterium ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Roots ; genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Stress, Physiological ; Tobacco ; genetics ; growth & development ; Transformation, Genetic

Objective: To understand mental health status of primary school boarding pupils in rural families, and to explore specific intervention method suitable for mental health problems prevention and intervention among those children. Methods: Social emotional education was administered through family station among 105 rural primary school students in Gaohawo central primary school in Yanchi county of Ningxia Province. Mental health was evaluated by the Mental Health Rate Scale for Pupil (MHRSP) before and after intervention. Results: The average score of mental health of children with rural boarding students was (48.00±18.56), the detection rate of total score ≥65 was 19.05%, and the detection rate of with at least one dimension≥10 points was 100%. Mental health problems in different dimension was highest in personality defects (48.57%), followed by learning disabilities (43.81%), emotional disorders (25.71%), social adjustment disorders (18.10%) and morality defects (11.43%). After the intervention, the detection rate and total score of mental health problems among rural pupils decreased significantly compared to before intervention (χ2=20.60, 6.05, 43.58, 10.99, 12.73, P<0.05), and the detection rate of learning disabilities, mood disorders, personality disorders, social adaptation disorders, and moral defects decreased significantly (t=4.00, 3.31, 3.25, 3.31, 2.54, P<0.05). Conclusion Mental health problems of primary school students in rural areas are outstanding. Social and emotional education should be the focus of parents, schools, the community, as well as government. The social and emotional education of the "family station" activity could improve mental health among primary school pupils in rural areas, which is worth further promotion.

Objective To observe the changes of serum clara cell protein?16 ( CC?16 ) and monocyte chemotaxis protein?1 (MCP?1) level in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and to explore their relationship with the disease severity and prognosis of ARDS??Methods One hundred and fourteen patients with ARDS who were admitted to Changzhi People′s hospital from January 2017 to March 2018 were selected as the subjects??They were divided into mild group ( n＝37),moderate group (n＝41) and severe group ( n＝36) according to the severity of ARDS??Sixty healthy persons in out?patient examination were selected as control group??The survival situation of patients in 4 weeks were recorded,the patients were divided into survival group ( n＝65) and death group ( n＝49) according to their survival situation??The age,gender,body mass index (BMI),smoking history,acute physiology and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II ( APACHE II) score,sequential organ failure assessment ( SOFA) score, serum CC?16 and MCP?1 level were analyzed in each group??The relationship between serum CC?16,MCP?1 level and disease and prognosis of patients with ARDS were analyzed??Results With the increase of disease severity,APACHE II score, SOFA score and serum CC?16, MCP?1 level in patients with ARDS were significantly increased??The differences were statistically significant ( F＝1 216??886,1 339??247,290??879, 417??262; all P＝0??000)??The APACHE II score,SOFA score and serum CC?16,MCP?1 levels in the death group were (22??13± 2??47) scores,( 15??09 ± 1??97) scores,( 23??85 ± 4??27) μg／L, ( 36??64 ± 5??21) ng／L respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the survival group (18??25±2??35) scores,(13??23 ±2??03) scores,(17??34±4??13) μg／L,(27??93±4??88) ng／L,the differences were statistically significant (t＝8??538,4??905,8??211,9??146;all P＝0??000)??Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between serum CC?16 level and MCP?1 level in patients with ARDS ( r＝0??589, P ＝0??000)??Meanwhile,the CC?16,MCP?1 were positive correlation with APACHE II score,SOFA score and mortality (CC?16:r＝0??504,0??549,0??472;P＝0??000,0??000,0??012;MCP?1:r＝0??493,0??528,0??435;P＝0??006, 0??000,0??025)??APACHE II score ( OR＝3??083,95%CI:0??025－1??364,P＜0??05),CC?16 ( OR＝5??403, 95%CI:0??011－6??561, P＜0??05) and MCP?1 ( OR＝2??892, 95%CI: 0??034－1??619, P＜0??05) were all closely related to ARDS death??CC?16 independent detection, MCP?1 independent detection and the two combined detection predicted the under?curve area, sensitivity and specificity of ARDS patients with in 4 weeks were 0??830, 82??35% and 72??16%; 0??719, 79??25% and 72??19%; 0??866, 85??06% and 80??72%respectively??Conclusion CC?16,MCP?1 are abnormally high expression in serum of patients with ARDS, and its levels are closely related to the severity and prognosis of patients with ARDS??CC?16 combined with MCP?1 detection has high diagnostic value for patients with ARDS,which can be used as an effective index to judge the disease and prognosis of patients with ARDS??

Objective To investigate the effect of complement C3a on mouse podocytes phenotype transformation.Methods Purified C3a recombinant protein was used to stimulate mature mouse podocytes.The expression of the mature podocyte markers synaptopodin,podocin,nephrin,CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) and the mesenchymal cell markers fibroblast specific protein 1 (FSP-1),α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were detected by RT-PCR,Western blotting,immunochemistry and immunofluorescence,respectively.Some podocytes were transfected with integrin-linked kinase (ILK) siRNA before the administration of C3a,the expression of nephrin and α-SMA were accessed by Western blotting,and the expression of Snail and α-actinin 4 were accessed by Western blotting and immunochemical method.The migration ability of podocytes was observed by scratch test.Results Immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis showed that synaptopodin,podocin,nephrin,CD2AP were highly expressed by mature mouse podocytes.The expression of these podocyte markers could be markedly inhibited after 24 h of C3a (0.1 μmol/L) treatment,and accompanied by the induction of mesenchymal markers FSP-1 and α-SMA.Compared with control group,the mRNA levels of synaptopodin,podocin,CD2AP and nephrin were significantly repressed by the administration of C3a in a dose-dependent manner,whereas the transcription of FSP-1 and α-SMA were remarkably up-regulated by C3a treatment (P ＜ 0.05,respectively).Western blotting analysis also confirmed the decrease of synaptopodin,podocin,nephrin and CD2AP protein and the increase of FSP-1 and α-SMA protein were closely depend on the C3a concentration (P ＜ 0.05,respectively).To further assess the downstream of C3a,some podocytes were transfected with ILK siRNA before the administration of C3a.Compared with C3a group,the protein levels of nephrin and α-SMA were significantly changed by the administration of ILK siRNA (P ＜ 0.05,respectively).The expression of α-actinin 4 and Snail induced by C3a were inhibited by ILK knockdown (P ＜ 0.05,respectively),accompanied by a decline of cell migration potency.Conclusion Complement fragment C3a can induce transformation of mouse podocytes to mesenehymal cells,and ILK signaling pathway is involved in this cell type transformation.