Functional dyspepsia (FD), characterized by persistent or recurrent dyspeptic symptoms without identifiable organic, systemic or metabolic causes, is an increasingly recognized global health issue. The objective of this guideline is to equip clinicians and nursing professionals with evidence-based strategies for the management and treatment of adult patients with FD using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The Guideline Development Group consulted existing TCM consensus documents on FD and convened a panel of 35 clinicians to generate initial clinical queries. To address these queries, a systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Database, China Biology Medicine (SinoMed) Database, Wanfang Database, Traditional Medicine Research Data Expanded (TMRDE), and the Traditional Chinese Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (TCMLARS). The evidence from the literature was critically appraised using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. The strength of the recommendations was ascertained through a consensus-building process involving TCM and allopathic medicine experts, methodologists, pharmacologists, nursing specialists, and health economists, leveraging their collective expertise and empirical knowledge. The guideline comprises a total of 43 evidence-informed recommendations that span a range of clinical aspects, including the pathogenesis according to TCM, diagnostic approaches, therapeutic interventions, efficacy assessments, and prognostic considerations. Please cite this article as: Zhang SS, Zhao LQ, Hou XH, Bian ZX, Zheng JH, Tian HH, Yang GH, Hong WS, He YY, Liu L, Shen H, Li YP, Xie S, Shu J, Zeng BF, Li JX, Liu Z, Xiao ZH, Xiao JD, Zheng PY, Huang SG, Chen SL, Fei GJ. International clinical practice guideline on the use of traditional Chinese medicine for functional dyspepsia (2025). J Integr Med. 2025; 23(5):502-518.
Dyspepsia/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use*

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD)is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions,with certain infectivity and iatrogenic transmission risks.With the rapid progress and application of new dia-gnostic biomarkers and detection methods,as well as the construction and improvement of surveillance and reporting systems,the detection of CJD in patients domestically and internationally has shown an increasing trend year by year.Due to its long incubation period and heterogeneity of early symptoms,early identification and diagnosis of the disease is difficult,increasing the risk of transmission within medical institutions.Currently,there is a lack of con-sensus on the infection prevention and control of CJD.In order to timely identify and diagnose CJD as well as effec-tively block its transmission in medical institutions,this consensus summarizes 15 clinical concerns and formulates 24 specific recommendations based on the latest domestic and international research findings and clinical evidence,as well as combines with clinical practice,aiming to standardize healthcare-associated infection prevention and control measures for CJD and reduce its transmission risk in medical institutions.

Objective:To investigate the association between genetic variation sites and blood group phenotypes in a family with the ABw subtype.Methods:A 22-year-old male proband and six family members who underwent health examinations at the Department of Transfusion Medicine,960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force on April 8,2023 were enrolled.ABO blood group phenotyping of the proband and family members was performed using the tube method.Direct sequencing of PCR products covering the ABO gene promoter region,intron 1,and exons 1-7 was conducted for the proband and family members.Clonal sequencing of exons 6 and 7 was performed for the proband.Results:The serological phenotype of the proband was identified as ABw.Direct sequencing of PCR products revealed that the proband's ABO gene promoter region contained two variants(c.-105G＞C and c.-106G＞C),intron 1 contained the variant c.28+5708G＞A,and exon 6 contained the variant c.255C＞T.Blood group genotype of the proband was ABO*A1.02/ABO*B with the c.255C＞T variant.Family analysis showed that the proband's mother,brother,elder niece,and younger niece also carried the c.255C＞T variant in exon 6.The proband's mother had variants c.-105G＞C and c.-106G＞C in the promoter region,c.28+6127T＞C and c.28+6154A＞G in the intron region,with a genotype of ABO*O.01.01/ABO*B and the c.255C＞T variant.The proband's brother,elder niece,and younger niece exhibited no promoter region abnormalities but carried variants c.28+6272C＞T,c.28+6173A＞G,c.28+6284T＞C,and c.28+6297A＞T in intron 1.The brother's genotype was ABO*A1.02/ABO*B with c.255C＞T,the elder niece's genotype was ABO*B.01/ABO*B with c.255C＞T,and the younger niece's genotype was ABO*O.01.01/ABO*B with c.255C＞T.The proband's father had a genotype of ABO*A1.02/ABO*A1.02,and the sister-in-law's genotype was ABO*O.01.01/ABO*B.01.Conclusion:The c.255C＞T variant in exon 6 of the ABO blood group B allele(α-1,3-galactosyltransferase gene)exhibits hereditary characteristics and exerts a negative regulatory effect on glycosyltransferase activity to a certain extent.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic value of deep learning-based automated quantification of tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) in patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for breast cancer.Methods:Specimens were collected from 209 breast cancer patients who received NAT at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from October 2019 to June 2023. TSR levels in pre-NAT biopsy specimens were automatically computed using a deep learning algorithm and categorized into low stroma (TSR≤30%), intermediate stroma (TSR 30% to ≤60%), and high stroma (TSR>60%) groups. Residual cancer burden (RCB) grading of post-NAT surgical specimens was determined to compare the relationship between TSR expression levels and RCB grades. The correlation of TSR with NAT efficacy was analyzed, and the association between TSR expression and patient prognosis was further investigated.Results:There were 85 cases with low stroma (TSR≤30%), 93 cases with intermediate stroma (TSR 30% to ≤60%), and 31 cases with high stroma (TSR>60%). Different TSR expression levels showed significant differences between various RCB grades ( P<0.05). Logistic univariate and multivariate analyses showed that TSR was a risk factor for obtaining a complete pathological remission from neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer when it was used as a continuous variable ( P<0.05); COX regression and survival analyses showed that the lower the percentage of tumorigenic mesenchyme was, the better the prognosis of the patient was ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The deep learning-based model enables automatic and accurate quantification of TSR. A lower pre-treatment tumoral stroma is associated with a lower RCB score and a higher rate of pathologic complete response, indicating that TSR can predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer and thus holds prognostic significance. Therefore, TSR may serve as a biomarker for predicting therapeutic outcomes in breast cancer neoadjuvant therapy.

Aim To explore the compatibility and po-tential mechanism of effective components of Biejia-Ezhu against triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)and verify it by experiments.Methods Effective compo-nents and targets of Biejia-Ezhu were obtained by TC-MSP and Swiss Target Prediction.Disease targets of TNBC were obtained from OMMI and GeneCards data-bases.The PPI network was constructed using STRING database.GO and KEGG path enrichment analysis was performed using DAVID database.Cytoscape3.9.1 software was used to construct the"drug-component-target-disease"network,screen key targets and compo-nents for molecular docking,and further verify the com-patibility of key components and targets in vitro.Re-sults ① A total of 71 effective components were iden-tified in the Biejia-Ezhu drug pair.There were 146 drug targets associated with the disease.A total of 113 signaling pathways were identified by KEGG analysis.The 71 potential active components of Biejia-Ezhu mainly acted on key targets such as mTORC1,ULK1,TNF,EGFR,ESR1,STAT3,HIF1A,and PTGS2.Mo-lecular docking results showed that glycine and curcu-min were the key active components of Biejia-Ezhu,and both had strong docking activity against key target proteins mTORC1 and ULK1.②The results of in vitro experiment showed that glycine combined with curcu-min significantly inhibited the proliferation and clonal formation ability of TNBC cells(P＜0.05),up-regula-ted the expression of autophagy marker LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ,down-regulated the expression of EGFR,down-regula-ted the expression of pathway protein mTORC1,p-mTOR,p-ULK1,and promoted the expression of path-way protein ULK1(P＜0.05).Conclusion The key component of Biejia-Ezhu against triple-negative breast cancer is glycine-curcumin,the mechanism of which may be related to the regulation of the mTORC1/ULK1 signaling pathway to promote autophagy.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD)is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions,with certain infectivity and iatrogenic transmission risks.With the rapid progress and application of new dia-gnostic biomarkers and detection methods,as well as the construction and improvement of surveillance and reporting systems,the detection of CJD in patients domestically and internationally has shown an increasing trend year by year.Due to its long incubation period and heterogeneity of early symptoms,early identification and diagnosis of the disease is difficult,increasing the risk of transmission within medical institutions.Currently,there is a lack of con-sensus on the infection prevention and control of CJD.In order to timely identify and diagnose CJD as well as effec-tively block its transmission in medical institutions,this consensus summarizes 15 clinical concerns and formulates 24 specific recommendations based on the latest domestic and international research findings and clinical evidence,as well as combines with clinical practice,aiming to standardize healthcare-associated infection prevention and control measures for CJD and reduce its transmission risk in medical institutions.

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of combined teaching method integrating case-based teaching method(CBL),problem-based teaching method(PBL),and team-based teaching method(TBL)in clinical nursing teaching in pediatric intensive care unit(PICU).Methods:A total of 60 nursing students who trained in our PICU from Jan 2021 to Jun 2022 were selected as the control group,and 60 nursing students who trained in our PICU from Jul 2022 to Jun 2024 were selected as the research group.The control group received conventional nursing teaching mode,while the research group received combined teaching mode of CBL,PBL,and TBL.The scores of academic performance,logical thinking ability,self-learning ability,and clinical nursing comprehensive ability between the two groups were compared.Result:The scores of theoretical knowledge,operational skills,post-teaching Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version(CTDI-CV)scale,self-directed learning readiness scale for nursing,and Mini-clinical evaluation exercise scale(Mini-CEX)in the research group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The combined teaching method of CBL,PBL,and TBL can effectively improve clinical nursing teaching results and comprehensive abilities of nursing students.

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of combined teaching method integrating case-based teaching method(CBL),problem-based teaching method(PBL),and team-based teaching method(TBL)in clinical nursing teaching in pediatric intensive care unit(PICU).Methods:A total of 60 nursing students who trained in our PICU from Jan 2021 to Jun 2022 were selected as the control group,and 60 nursing students who trained in our PICU from Jul 2022 to Jun 2024 were selected as the research group.The control group received conventional nursing teaching mode,while the research group received combined teaching mode of CBL,PBL,and TBL.The scores of academic performance,logical thinking ability,self-learning ability,and clinical nursing comprehensive ability between the two groups were compared.Result:The scores of theoretical knowledge,operational skills,post-teaching Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version(CTDI-CV)scale,self-directed learning readiness scale for nursing,and Mini-clinical evaluation exercise scale(Mini-CEX)in the research group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The combined teaching method of CBL,PBL,and TBL can effectively improve clinical nursing teaching results and comprehensive abilities of nursing students.

Aim To investigate the role of corylin in angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)-induced cardiomyocyte hy-pertrophy and its underlying mechanisms.Methods An Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model was established and treated with corylin.Real-time PCR was employed to assess hypertrophic gene mRNA expression,and immunofluorescence was used to meas-ure cardiomyocyte surface area.Western blot and en-zyme activity assay kits were used to evaluate SIRT1 expression and activity.Results Corylin markedly mitigated Ang Ⅱ-induced hypertrophic gene expression and cardiomyocyte surface area enlargement.Moreo-ver,it prevented the Ang Ⅱ-mediated decline in SIRT1 protein levels and deacetylase activity.Further investi-gation indicated that corylin inhibited Ang Ⅱ-driven NF-κB transcriptional activity and the expression of its downstream target genes,such as TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β.Notably,SIRT1 silencing abolished the protective effects of corylin against cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,as well as its regulation of the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusion Corylin suppresses cardiomyo-cyte hypertrophy by modulating the SIRT1-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway.

The study aims to investigate the effects of adding different proportions of Codonopsis radix compound crude extracts to the rabbit diet on growth performance,immune status,intesti-nal enzyme activity,structure,and microbial composition.A total of 96 5-week-old New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups,with 6 replicates per group.The control group(BC)was fed a basal diet,while the experimental groups(CM-H and CM-L)were fed a basal diet supplemented with 1 000 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of Codonopsis radix compound crude extracts,re-spectively.The antibiotic group(CK)was fed a basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg of keto-tifen.The experimental period was 42 days.Blood samples were collected at days 21 and 42,and se-rum biochemical and immune markers were determined.Intestinal segments and contents were col-lected at day 42 for analysis of intestinal health.The results showed that compared with the BC group,the average daily gain,feed-to-gain ratio,and diarrhea rate were significantly higher(P＜0.05)in the CM-H and CM-L groups.The total cholesterol(Tchol)content in the serum was sig-nificantly lower in the CM-H group at day 21 and the CM-L group at day 42(P＜0.05).The high-density lipoprotein(HDL)was significantly higher in the CM-H and CM-L groups than in the CK group at day 42(P＜0.05),and the total protein(TP)in the serum was significantly higher in the CM-H and CM-L groups than in the BC group(P＜0.05).The IgG and IgM levels in the serum were significantly higher in the CM-H and CM-L groups than in the BC group(P＜0.05).In the CM-H and CM-L groups,the content of acetic acid in the colon was significantly higher than that in the BC group(P＜0.05).The content of propionic acid in the colon of the CM-L group was also significantly higher than that in the BC group(P＜0.05).The content of α-amylase in the duode-num,the content of trypsin in the duodenum,the pancreas,and the ileum of the CM-H group were significantly higher than those in the BC group(P＜0.05),and the content of trypsin in the duode-num of the CM-H group was significantly higher than those in the BC group and the CM-L group(P＜0.05).Compared with the BC group,the content of GPX1 in the ileum and jejunum of the CM-L group and the ileum of the CM-H group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the length of the villi in the duodenum of the CM-H group was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the BC group,the expression level of ZO-1 in the ileum of the CM-H group was significantly upregulated(P＜0.05),and the expression level of Claudin in the jejunum of the CM-H group and the CM-L group was significantly higher than that in the CK group(P＜0.05).The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the Sob index was significantly higher in the CM-L group compared to the BC group(P＜0.05).At the phylum level,the Firmicutes and Bacteroid-ota phyla were the main phyla.At the genus level,Akkermansia and Ruminococcus were the main genera.The relative abundance of Papillibacter and Eubacterium_ruminantium_group in the CM-L group was significantly higher than that in the CK group(P＜0.05).In summary,adding a Codonopsis radix compound crude extract to the diet can improve the growth performance,immu-nity,antioxidant capacity,integrity of intestinal mucosal structure,enzyme activity in the intestine,and increase the diversity of microorganisms in the blind intestine when the diet is supplemented with 500 mg/kg of Codonopsis radix compound crude extract.