Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy between long-acting injection of paliperidone palmitate and clozapine in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:This study was a prospective study,random number table method was used to divide 80 patients with schizophrenia who were admitted to our hospital from August 2022 to August 2023 into control group(received clozapine treatment,n=40)and observation group(received long-acting injection of paliperidone palmitate treatment,n=40).The clinical efficacy,positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS)positive symptom score,PANSS negative symptom score,general psychopathological symptom score,medica-tion adherence rating scale(MARS)score,scale of social function in psychosis inpatients(SSPI)score,activity of daily living(ADL)score,laboratory indicators[fasting blood glucose(FBG),C-peptide(CP),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL),total cholesterol(TC),prolactin(PRL)]and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Result:There was no statistically significant difference in the total clinical effective rate between the two groups(P＞0.05).After 6 months and 12 months of treatment,PANSS positive symptom score,PANSS negative symptom score,general psychopathological symptom score,MARS score and SSPI score in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,while ADL score was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).After 12 months of treatment,the levels of FBG,CP,TC and LDL-C in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,while level of PRL level was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Long-acting injection of paliperidone palmitate and clozapine in patients with schizophrenia,can improve patients' clinical symptoms,personal and social functions and daily living abilities.However,the treatment compliance of long-acting injections of paliperidone palmitate is better,and clozapine has a higher incidence of adverse reactions,including more metabolic side effects.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy between long-acting injection of paliperidone palmitate and clozapine in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:This study was a prospective study,random number table method was used to divide 80 patients with schizophrenia who were admitted to our hospital from August 2022 to August 2023 into control group(received clozapine treatment,n=40)and observation group(received long-acting injection of paliperidone palmitate treatment,n=40).The clinical efficacy,positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS)positive symptom score,PANSS negative symptom score,general psychopathological symptom score,medica-tion adherence rating scale(MARS)score,scale of social function in psychosis inpatients(SSPI)score,activity of daily living(ADL)score,laboratory indicators[fasting blood glucose(FBG),C-peptide(CP),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL),total cholesterol(TC),prolactin(PRL)]and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Result:There was no statistically significant difference in the total clinical effective rate between the two groups(P＞0.05).After 6 months and 12 months of treatment,PANSS positive symptom score,PANSS negative symptom score,general psychopathological symptom score,MARS score and SSPI score in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,while ADL score was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).After 12 months of treatment,the levels of FBG,CP,TC and LDL-C in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,while level of PRL level was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Long-acting injection of paliperidone palmitate and clozapine in patients with schizophrenia,can improve patients' clinical symptoms,personal and social functions and daily living abilities.However,the treatment compliance of long-acting injections of paliperidone palmitate is better,and clozapine has a higher incidence of adverse reactions,including more metabolic side effects.

BACKGROUND: Penehyclidine is a newly developed anticholinergic agent. We aimed to investigate the role of penehyclidine in acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (OP) patients. METHODS: We searched the Pubmed, Cochrane library, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical literature (CBM) and Wanfang databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) recruiting acute OP patients were identified for meta-analysis. Main outcomesincluded cure rate, mortality rate, time to atropinization, time to 60% normal acetylcholinesterase (AchE) level, rate of intermediate syndrome (IMS) and rate of adverse drug reactions (ADR). RESULTS: Sixteen RCTs involving 1,334 patients were identified. Compared with the atropine-or penehyclidine-alone groups, atropine combined with penehyclidine significantly increased the cure rate (penehyclidine+atropine vs. atropine, 0.97 vs. 0.86, RR 1.13, 95% CI [1.07–1.19]; penehyclidine+atropine vs. penehyclidine, 0.93 vs. 0.80, RR 1.08, 95% CI [1.01–1.15]) and reduced the mortality rate (penehyclidine+atropine vs. atropine, 0.015 vs. 0.11, RR 0.17, 95% CI [0.06–0.49]; penehyclidine+atropine vs. penehyclidine, 0.13 vs. 0.08, RR 0.23, 95% CI [0.04–1.28]). Atropine combined with penehyclidine in OP patients also helped reduce the time to atropinization and AchE recovery, the rate of IMS and the rate of ADR. Compared with a single dose of atropine, a single dose of penehyclidine also significantly elevated the cure rate, reduced times to atropinization, AchE recovery, and rate of IMS. CONCLUSION Atropine combined with penehyclidine benefits OP patients by enhancing the cure rate, mortality rate, time to atropinization, AchE recovery, IMS rate, total ADR and duration of hospitalization. Penehyclidine combined with atropine is likely a better initial therapy for OP patients than atropine alone.