Objective To understand the status of body image disturbance and its influencing factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), so as to provide a scientific basis for the clinical management of AS. Methods A total of 353 AS patients admitted from January 2022 to December 2024 were selected as research subjects. Chinese version of Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ) was used to investigate the body image disturbance in AS patients. Single factor analysis was performed by t test and analysis of variance, and multiple factors were analyzed by multivariate linear regression. Results The total score of BIDQ in 342 AS patients was (25.01±4.22). Multivariate linear regression analysis results showed that self-paid medical expense, nighttime VAS score and negative emotion PANAS score could positively predict body image disturbance in AS patients (standardized regression coefficient=0.413, 0.413, 0.460, P<0.05), and PSSS score, positive emotion PANAS score and exercise management CDSSM score could negatively predict body image disturbance (standardized regression coefficient=-0.245, -0.134, -0.247, P<0.05). Conclusion The body image disturbance in AS patients is worthy of clinical attention. Nighttime pain, negative emotion and self-paid medical treatment can increase the risk of body image disturbance. Positive emotion, social support and high self-management level of exercise behavior can reduce the formation of body image disturbance, which can provide new ideas for clinical management of AS patients.

Objective To analyze the composition characteristics and biological functions of tumor cell subpopulations in glioblastoma(GBM)through multi-transcriptomics sequencing technology,and explore the hypoxia characteristics and spatial localization features of the mesenchymal-like(MES-like)tumor cell subpopulation in GBM and the influence on malignant biological behaviors.Methods Multi-transcriptomics sequencing data,including single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data(18 patients),bulk RNA sequencing(bulk RNA-seq)and spatial transcriptomics(ST)data of GBM,were employed to define cell subpopulations in GBM,and Gene Ontology(GO)and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA)were utilized to analyze their functions.The proportions and locations of cell subpopulations in bulk RNA-seq data were evaluated with BayesPrism deconvolution.Immunofluorescence assay was conducted for verification on 12 paraffin samples of GBM from patients who visited the neurosurgical department of our hospital from 2015 to 2023 and met the pathological diagnostic criteria for GBM(10 males and 2 females,at an average age of 53.50 years and a median age of 54.50 years).pySCENIC was applied to predict specific transcription factors of tumor cell subpopulations.Results Tumor cells in GBM were highly heterogeneous,and could be mainly divided into 4 subpopulations:astrocyte-like(AC-like),neural progenitor-like(NPC-like),oligodendrocyte progenitor-like(OPC-like)and MES-like.Differential gene analysis found that the MES-like tumor cells highly expressed vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA),adrenomedullin(ADM),N-myc downstream regulated 1(NDRG1),insulin like growth factor binding protein 5(IGFBP5),and A-kinase anchoring protein 12(AKAP12)(P<0.001).pySCENIC transcription factor prediction found that the high-active transcription factors of the MES-like tumor cells were AT-rich interaction domain 3A(ARID3A),FOS like 2,AP-1 transcription factor subunit(FOSL2),endothelial PAS domain protein 1(EPAS1),CCAAT enhancer binding protein delta(CEBPD),and CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta(CEBPB)(P<0.05).GO and GSEA enrichment analyses found that the MES-like tumor cells were enriched in hypoxia-related pathways,especially the pathway of cell responses to hypoxia levels(NES=2.437,P<0.001).BayesPrism deconvolution showed that the MES-like tumor cells mainly existed in PAN(Pseudopalisading cells around necrosis)and perinecrotic zone.Immunofluorescence assay confirmed CD44+(CD44 antigen)MES-like tumor cells were mainly located in hypoxia areas with highly expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha(HIF1α)(P<0.01).Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the MES-like tumor cells were significantly correlated with the adverse prognosis of GBM patients(HR=1.71,95%CI:1.38～2.11,P<0.001).Conclusion Tumor cells in GBM are of highly heterogeneity.They could be mainly divided into 4 subpopulations:AC-like,NPC-like,OPC-like and MES-like.MES-like tumor cells,mainly locating in PAN and perinecrotic zone,are characterized by hypoxia,which can promote the malignant progression of GBM.

With the increasing demand for dynamic,real-time and rapid qualitative analysis of chemical composition in areas such as emergency response and space exploration,chip-scale mass spectrometers have attracted significant attention.These devices are expected to drive the integration of mass spectrometry with micro/nano-fabrication and intelligent sensing technologies,fostering profound innovation and breakthroughs in analytical chemistry.As an excellent mass analyzer,the ion trap exhibits numerous advantages,and its miniaturization creates favorable conditions for the high-density integration of miniature mass spectrometers.However,the reduction in ion storage capacity may compromise its sensitivity and dynamic range,rendering the study of ion unidirectional ejection in highly miniaturized ion traps of significant practical importance.In this work,a research was conducted on achieving efficient ion unidirectional ejection while maintaining high mass resolution in the extremely miniature hyperbolic linear ion trap(M-HLIT)with a field radius of 1 mm,and an electric field compensation method was proposed,which combined asymmetric electrode stretching and unbalanced RF voltage to achieve high-precision optimization of the electric field composition.Simulations showed that in an ideal structure,this method achieved 100％unidirectional ejection efficiency with the mass resolution of 518,significantly outperforming traditional asymmetric structure method(365)and unbalanced voltage method(321).Following the introduction of ion ejection slots,further optimization through bidirectional stretching and electrical parameters improved the resolution to 790 while maintaining a unidirectional ejection efficiency of 93％.This method eliminated the requirement for additional excitation voltage,offering an ideal solution for the miniature mass analyzer with high detection performance of chip-level mass spectrometers.

Nanomaterials(Ce-CS)with oxidase-like properties were synthesized in one step using L-cystine(CS)and ammonium cerium nitrate(CAN)as raw materials for detection of acetaminophen(APAP).The morphology,structure and elements composition of Ce-CS were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),nitrogen adsorption specific surface area analysis(BET),X-ray diffraction(XRD),infrared spectroscopy(IR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The Ce-CS with peroxidase-like activity could catalyze the oxidation of colorless 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)into blue oxided TMB(oxTMB),which had a significant absorption peak at 652 nm.Under the optimal catalytic conditions,i.e.,reaction temperature of 25℃(room temperature),pH=4.0,Ce-CS concentration of 1 mg/mL,and reaction time of 10 min,the catalytic mechanism and kinetics of Ce-CS were studied.When APAP existed in the reaction system,it could inhibit the peroxidase-like activity of Ce-CS,reduced the absorbance at 652 nm(A652),and the absorbance difference at 652 nm(ΔA652)had a good linear relationship with concentration of APAP in the range of 50-2000 μmol/L(R2=0.996),with a detection limit(S/N=3)of 0.1 μmol/L.This method was applied to detection of APAP in oral liquid and river water samples,with recoveries of 98.0%-102.0%,demonstrating the potential of Ce-CS as an oxidase substitute in drug analysis and environmental monitoring.

Lentiviral vectors(LVs)are key gene delivery tools for integrating target genes into the host genome,but they may also pose risks of insertional mutagenesis.The vector copy number(VCN)in cells is critical for determining the safety of gene modification.However,the reliability and accuracy of its quantification process are influenced by multiple factors.Developing cell reference materials with specific vector copy numbers represents a viable approach to enhance the reliability and consistency of measurement results,enabling quality control of the quantification process and traceability of outcomes.However,the preparation of such reference materials faces challenges in cell sample design,preparation protocols,and advanced quantification techniques.In this study,T lymphocyte cell line Jurkat-based reference materials with LV gene copy numbers of 1 and 2 copy/cell were developed.A high-precision duplex digital polymerase chain reaction(dPCR)method was established to quantify the LV gene and endogenous genes simultaneously.Additionally,the results of dPCR were cross-validated through next-generation sequencing and flow cytometric analysis.Ultimately,confocal microscopy characterization results showed that the developed cell reference materials had intact morphology.The quantification result of VCN-1 was(1.07±0.11)copy/cell,and that of VCN-2 was(2.09±0.21)copy/cell.These cell reference materials demonstrated compliance with stability and homogeneity requirements,and could be applied for quality control throughout the VCN measurement workflow and metrological traceability,improving the accuracy,comparability,and validity of copy number measurements.

Colorimetric analysis is a detection and quantification method based on observable color changes in response to analytes,which offers significant advantages including visually detectable signals,straightforward operation,rapid response,and low cost.Consequently,it plays a crucial role in a variety of fields.With increasingly diverse and complex application,colorimetric analysis requires continuous improvement in sensitivity,adaptability to diverse detection environments,and complex data handling capabilities.In recent years,the development of artificial intelligence technology,particularly within its core domain of machine learning(ML),has led to significant advancements in colorimetric analysis.The ML-assisted colorimetric analysis enables high-throughput and high-sensitivity detection,alongside automated analysis,thereby providing novel strategies to overcome the inherent limitations.This review categorized machine learning techniques and summarized their application in colorimetric analysis,introducing two fundamental categories of supervised learning,and unsupervised learning based on the division of core learning paradigms.The research progress of ML-assisted colorimetric analysis in the fields of environmental monitoring,biochemical detection,and food safety were summarized.Finally,the current challenges facing by this research area were analyzed and the research prospect of ML-assisted colorimetric analysis was outlined.

BackgroundChildhood represents a critical stage for cognitive development. Accurate assessment of children's cognitive abilities and understanding their developmental characteristics are essential for promoting healthy growth. However， traditional cognitive assessment methods typically rely on manual administration， presenting limitations such as low efficiency and insufficient engagement. These methods struggle to meet the assessment needs of children and are difficult to scale up for large-scale applications. ObjectiveTo develop a digital cognitive assessment tool for children， so as to provide a more convenient approach for evaluating children's cognitive functions. MethodsBased on classic psychological paradigms （Stroop Task， N-back， digit span， spatial orientation， and face-name matching）， a digital cognitive assessment tool was developed. This tool includes five tasks including color matching， shape matching， greening the home， great collector， and face-name matching， designed to assess core cognitive functions such as inhibitory control， working memory， short-term memory， spatial orientation， and semantic processing， respectively. From August 2024 to March 2025， a total of 750 students aged 9–12 yeas old from a primary school in Chengdu were enrolled and assessed using the digital cognitive assessment tool. Three months later， 40 children were randomly selected for retesting using both the digital tool and its corresponding standardized psychological paradigms. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the correlation between the pre-test and retest scores of the digital cognitive assessment tool， as well as the correlation between the digital cognitive task scores and the corresponding psychological paradigm assessment results， in order to evaluate the reliability and validity of the digital cognitive assessment tool. Additionally， differences in scores across the cognitive tasks were compared among children of different age groups and genders. ResultsA total of 699 valid samples were included. The younger age group consisted of children aged 9–10 years old （n=460）， while the older age group comprised those aged 11–12 years old （n=239）. There were 356 boys （50.93%） and 343 girls （49.07%）. In the reliability analysis， the Pearson correlation coefficients between the pre-test and retest scores of each assessment task ranged from 0.732 to 0.970 （P<0.01）， indicating statistically significant results. In the validity analysis， the Pearson correlation coefficients between each task and its corresponding standard cognitive test ranged from 0.679 to 0.988 （P<0.01）. In the color-matching task， both the main effects of age and gender were statistically significant （F=31.071， 21.198， P<0.01）. In the shape-matching task， the main effects of age， gender， and their interaction were all statistically significant （F=20.933， 5.926， 4.318， P<0.05 or 0.01）. In the greening the home task， the main effect of age was significant （F=5.243， P=0.023）. In the great collector task， the main effect of age was significant （F=33.697， P<0.01）. In the face-name matching task， only the main effect of gender was significant （F=27.016， P<0.01）. Further analysis showed that within the female group， older group scored significantly higher than younger group in five tasks（P<0.05 or 0.01）. Within the male group， younger group scored lower than older group in both the color-matching and great collector tasks （P<0.05 or 0.01）. Within the younger group， boys scored significantly higher than girls in color-matching and shape-matching tasks （P<0.01）. In the older group， girls scored significantly higher than boys in face-name matching task （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe digital cognitive assessment tool developed in this study demonstrates good reliability and validity. The development of cognitive functions in children aged 9–12 years old showed significant differences in age and gender， with specific developmental trajectories across different cognitive dimensions. At younger ages， boys outperformed girls in inhibitory control and working memory tasks， though this advantage diminished with age. At older ages， girls exhibited superior performance in semantic processing compared with boys.

By reviewing the practice and current situation of the standardized training for naval surgical residents,in combination with the practice of the standardized training for resident doctors in Shanghai,this paper sums up the existing experience and explores clinical teaching,management and patterns of standardized training for naval residents based on the post competence.The aim of the study is to strengthen naval primary medical care,enhance trainees'working competence and medical support capabilities,improve the quality and level of standardized training for naval residents,so as to provide reference for the further development of the training strategy of naval officers.

Because of the unclear active substances, metabolic pathways, and targets of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), non-clinical safety evaluation often fails to accurately locate the target organs and tissue exposed to medicinal toxicity. The human use experience(HUE) contains important safety information of TCM, while the clinical safety data in the past HUE are few and have not been effectively applied. Standardized prospective HUE studies should be carried out to collect the clinical safety data, in which appropriate physical and chemical indicators(including blood, urine, and stool routine), liver biochemical indicators, kidney biochemical indicators, and cardiovascular biochemical indicators should be selected for safety evaluation, and the detection time point and sample size should be rationally designed. Importance should be attached to the observation of symptoms and signs of adverse events/reactions in patients as well as the safety information of special groups such as the elderly, children, and pregnant women. The adverse events of TCM should be observed, judged, and treated according to the theory and the diagnosis and treatment mode of TCM. The clinical safety information about the HUE should be comprehensively collected for new drugs of TCM to make up for the lack of extrapolation of toxicological test results to humans. The unique advantages of clinical origin of new drugs of TCM should be given full play for cross-reference of the results of toxicological research and the conclusions of HUE safety evaluation. In addition, benefit-risk assessment should be conducted based on HUE, and a panoramic safety evaluation system characterized by macro and micro combination and in line with the characteristics of TCM should be established to improve the success rate in the research and development of new drugs of TCM.
Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/adverse effects* ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Female

The quality of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is a critical foundation for ensuring the stability of its efficacy, as well as the safety and effectiveness of its clinical use. The identification of critical quality attributes(CQAs) is one of the core components of TCM preparation quality control. This study focuses on Jianwei Xiaoshi Tablets and explores their CQAs related to property and flavor from the perspective of taste receptor proteins. Three taste receptor proteins, T1R2, T1R3, and TRPV1, were selected, and a biosensor based on high-electron-mobility transistor(HEMT) was constructed to detect the interactions between Jianwei Xiaoshi Tablets and taste receptor proteins. Simultaneously, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) technology was used to analyze the chemical composition of Jianwei Xiaoshi Tablets. In examining the interaction strength, the results indicated that the interaction between Jianwei Xiaoshi Tablets and TRPV1 protein was the strongest, followed by T1R3, with the interaction with T1R2 being relatively weaker. By combining biosensing technology with LC-MS, 16 chemical components were identified from Jianwei Xiaoshi Tablets, among which six were selected as CQAs for sweetness and seven for pungency. Further validation experiments demonstrated that CQAs such as hesperidin and hesperetin had strong interactions with their corresponding taste receptor proteins. Through the combined use of multiple technological approaches, this study successfully determined the property and flavor-related CQAs of Jianwei Xiaoshi Tablets. It provides novel ideas and approach for the identification of CQAs in TCM preparations and offers comprehensive theoretical support for TCM quality control, contributing to the improvement and development of TCM preparation quality control systems.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Biosensing Techniques/methods* ; TRPV Cation Channels/chemistry* ; Tablets/chemistry* ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics* ; Quality Control ; Taste ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry