Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of malaria and provide a basis for developing improved prevention and control measures. Methods Data were obtained from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Malaria surveillance data for Nanning City from January 1,2023, to December 31,2024, were exported from the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management Subsystem. The characteristics of the two groups of malaria cases were compared. Results A total of 103 imported malaria cases were reported in Nanning City in 2024, representing a 38.32% decrease compared with the same period of the previous year. No statistically significant difference were observed between cases reported in 2023 and 2024 in terms of average age, gender ratio, proportion of parasite species, and monthly reporting distribution;however, statistically significant differences were found in the proportion of reporting areas and current residence areas(χ2= 13.572 and 10.355, respectively; P = 0.001 and 0.035, respectively). The proportion of cases reported in Shanglin County and the proportion of cases residing in Shanglin County were both lower than those during the same period of the previous year. Conclusions The high aggregation of imported malaria cases in Nanning City has decreased. Medical institutions in areas other than Shanglin County should strengthen their vigilance against malaria.

Fibrosis, the pathological scarring of vital organs, is a severe and often irreversible condition that leads to progressive organ dysfunction. It is particularly pronounced in organs like the liver, kidneys, lungs, and heart. Despite its clinical significance, the full understanding of its etiology and complex pathogenesis remains incomplete, posing substantial challenges to diagnosing, treating, and preventing the progression of fibrosis. Among the various molecular players involved, platelet-derived growth factor-C (PDGF-C) has emerged as a crucial factor in fibrotic diseases, contributing to the pathological transformation of tissues in several key organs. PDGF-C is a member of the PDGFs family of growth factors and is synthesized and secreted by various cell types, including fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells. It acts through both autocrine and paracrine mechanisms, exerting its biological effects by binding to and activating the PDGF receptors (PDGFRs), specifically PDGFRα and PDGFRβ. This binding triggers multiple intracellular signaling pathways, such as JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT and Ras-MAPK pathways. which are integral to the regulation of cell proliferation, survival, migration, and fibrosis. Notably, PDGF-C has been shown to promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, key effector cells in the fibrotic process, thus accelerating the accumulation of extracellular matrix components and the formation of fibrotic tissue. Numerous studies have documented an upregulation of PDGF-C expression in various fibrotic diseases, suggesting its significant role in the initiation and progression of fibrosis. For instance, in liver fibrosis, PDGF-C stimulates hepatic stellate cell activation, contributing to the excessive deposition of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins. Similarly, in pulmonary fibrosis, PDGF-C enhances the migration of fibroblasts into the damaged areas of lungs, thereby worsening the pathological process. Such findings highlight the pivotal role of PDGF-C in fibrotic diseases and underscore its potential as a therapeutic target for these conditions. Given its central role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis, PDGF-C has become an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Several studies have focused on developing inhibitors that block the PDGF-C/PDGFR signaling pathway. These inhibitors aim to reduce fibroblast activation, prevent the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components, and halt the progression of fibrosis. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of such inhibitors in animal models of liver, kidney, and lung fibrosis, with promising results in reducing fibrotic lesions and improving organ function. Furthermore, several clinical inhibitors, such as Olaratumab and Seralutinib, are ongoing to assess the safety and efficacy of these inhibitors in human patients, offering hope for novel therapeutic options in the treatment of fibrotic diseases. In conclusion, PDGF-C plays a critical role in the development and progression of fibrosis in vital organs. Its ability to regulate fibroblast activity and influence key signaling pathways makes it a promising target for therapeutic strategies aiming at combating fibrosis. Ongoing research into the regulation of PDGF-C expression and the development of PDGF-C/PDGFR inhibitors holds the potential to offer new insights and approaches for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of fibrotic diseases. Ultimately, these efforts may lead to the development of more effective and targeted therapies that can mitigate the impact of fibrosis and improve patient outcomes.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and serum inflammatory factors,tumor markers,and imaging features.Methods A total of 209 patients with pulmonary nodules who underwent lung puncture biopsy at the Third People's Hospital of Kunming from January 2023 to January 2024 were enrolled.Based on pathological results,the patients were divided into benign pulmonary nodules group(n=106)and malignant pulmonary nodules group(n=103).General data and clinical indicators of all subjects were collected,and differences in various indicators between the two groups were analyzed.Results In terms of Serum inflammatory factors:there were statistically significant differences in LYMPH,NLR,LMR,IL-2,IL-6,IL-17,IFN-γ,HsCRP,SAA,and PCT between the two groups(P<0.05),while no significant differences were found in WBC,NETU,MONO,PLT,SII,IL-5,IFN-α,IL-1β,IL-10,IL-8,and IL-12P70(P>0.05).Regarding Serum tumor markers:there were statistically significant differences in CEA,CA125,CA199,CYFRA21-1,ProGRP,and NSE between the two groups(P<0.05),whereas no significant differences were found in TSGF,AFP,and CA153(P>0.05).In terms of Imaging features:there were statistically significant differences in the number,diameter,boundary,fissure sign,spiculated sign,and pleural retraction sign of nodules between the two groups(P<0.05),while no significant differences were found in nodular calcification,nodule density,and location(P>0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis(backward-Wald conditional method)identified patient age,fissure sign,CEA,NSE,ProGRP,and IL-6 were independent risk factors for malignant pulmonary nodules(P<0.05).The combined diagnostic model of these indicators for predicting malignant pulmonary nodules had an AUC of 0.965(P<0.05).Conclusion Malignant pulmonary nodules are more likely in older patients with lobulation on imaging and elevated serum levels of NSE,ProGRP,IL-6,and CEA.Combined detection of these indicators can predict the nature of pulmonary nodules,guiding early diagnosis of malignant nodules.

Fluorescent probes L1 to L5 containing two recognition sites based on Schiff base were prepared for detection of Al3+.The probes were constituted by introducing two salicylaldehyde derivatives through hydrazide groups on isophthalic hydrazide.Among them,a fast turn-on fluorescence probe L1 for Al3+with high fluorescence quantum yield was found.The recognition performance and mechanism of probe L1 to Al3+were studied by multiple analysis methods.The results showed that probe L1 could rapidly and highly selectively recognize Al3+by fluorescent enhancement at 446 nm and the detection limit was as low as 4.65 nmol/L,and it was found that L1 complexed with Al3+in the molar ratio of 1:1.In addition,the calculation results of density functional theory(DFT)showed that two binding sites in the probe molecule connected two different Al3+,and each Al3+connected two adjacent probe molecules.Using quinine sulfate as a reference,the fluorescence quantum yield of L1-Al3+complex was as high as 30%.Probe L1 could also be applied to the detection of Al3+in real water samples.

The anti-counterfeiting application of three-color fluorescent carbon dots(CDs)in high-quality inkjet printing was studied.Blue,green and red fluorescent CDs were synthesized by solvothermal method using three kinds of isomers of phenylenediamine as precursor,and ethanol-glycerol mixture as solvent.The morphology,composition,structure,and optical properties were characterized.Blue,green and red fluorescent inks were then prepared by diluting CDs with water.The dilution ratio,excitation light source and filtering method were also optimized.The optimal dilution ratio of blue,green and red fluorescent ink was 5,5 and 20,respectively.Under 365,415 and 450 nm light excitation,bright blue,green and red fluorescence from above inks could be observed by using a blue,green and red filter,respectively.These fluorescent inks were finally used for high-quality inkjet printing through monochrome printing mode and polychrome printing mode.In addition,the sensitivity and contrast of printing were quantitatively investigated.The series of three-color fluorescent inks possessed great prospects in ordinary and invisible fluorescent anti-counterfeiting application.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy(ESWT)combined with ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection(CSI)for the treatment of primary frozen shoulder(PFS).Methods Ninety-nine patients with PFS who visited the pain department of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between April 2024 and July 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups according to the randomized number table method:ESWT group(T group),CSI group(I group),and combined treatment group(TI group),with 33 patients in each group.Visual analogue scale(VAS)scores,shoulder range of motion(SROM),and Constant-Murley shoulder scores(CMS)were recorded before treatment and at 1,4,8,and 12 weeks post-treatment.Additionally,the patients'Ascens Insomnia Scale(AIS)scores were recorded before treatment and 1 month after treatment.The occurrence of adverse effects and the use of remedial medications during the treatment period were also documented.Results Compared with pre-treatment,VAS scores decreased,and SROM and CM scores improved at all time points after treatment in all three groups(P<0.05).AIS scores also decreased in all three groups at 1 month post-treatment(all P<0.05).Intergroup comparisons revealed that the TI group exhibited signifi-cantly lower VAS pain scores,greater SROM(forward flexion and backward extension),and higher CM scores at 4,8,and 12 weeks post-treatment compared to the T and I groups(Bonferroni-corrected P<0.05).No statistically significant differences were observed between the T and I groups for these measures(Bonferroni-corrected P>0.05).Additionally,there were no statistically significant differences in AIS scores or adverse effects occurrence among the three groups at 1 month post-treatment(P>0.05).Conclusion The combined treatment demonstrated greater efficacy compared to trigger point extracorporeal shock wave therapy alone and periapical steroid injection alone,resulting in significant improvement in the patient's clinical symptoms and quality of life.

Objective:To investigate the effect of medical community homogenization management(MCHM)on self-care ability,heart function,vascular endothelial function and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods:This randomized controlled study enrolled 110 CHF patients admitted in Panzhihua Central Hos-pital between April 2021 and April 2023.They were divided into intervention group(n=55)and routine group(n=55).The control group received routine management,while intervention group received additional MCHM,both groups were intervened for 3 months.Self-care ability,heart function,vascular endothelial function,quality of life and incidence of adverse events were compared between two groups.Results:Compared with patients in control group,those in intervention group had significant higher total score of self-care of heart failure index(SCHFI)[(82.30±2.98)points vs.(59.46±3.19)points],stroke volume(SV)[(73.30±2.31)ml vs.(54.66±1.96)ml],left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)[(58.25±2.90)％ vs.(52.41±2.52)％],early diastolic peak flow velocity/late diastolic peak flow velocity(E/A)[(1.95±0.18)vs.(1.30±0.16)]and the level of nitric oxide(NO)[(106.70±4.44)μmol/L vs.(82.36±4.66)μmol/L](P＜0.001 all),and significant lower left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDd)[(49.79±1.58)mm vs.(56.49±2.17)mm],endothelin-1(ET-1)[(36.66±2.65)ng/L vs.(46.88±2.66)ng/L],Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire(MLHFQ)total score[(36.12±3.23)points vs.(54.67±3.35)points](P＜0.001 all).Patients in intervention group had significant lower incidence of adverse events comparing to those in control group(7.27％ vs.25.45％,P=0.010).Conclu-sion:Medical community homogenization management could significantly improve self-care ability,heart func-tion,vascular endothelial function and quality of life with good safety in CHF patients.

Objective:To investigate the role of WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (WWP1) in enamel development of mice.Methods:Single-cell RNA sequencing data of incisor tissues of postnatal day 7 (P7) mice and mandibular first molar tooth germs of P3.5 mice were used to analyze the expression of Wwp1 in dental epithelial cells. Immunohistochemistry was performed to observe the distribution and expression levels of WWP1 in the epithelium of mouse incisors and mandibular first molar tooth germs. Wwp1 knockout (Wwp1 KO) mice were generated and collected with their control littermates at P1, P7, three mice per group, as well as at P14, P28, 2 months (2M), and 3M, six mice per group. The enamel volumes of molars and incisors were analyzed using micro-CT. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to examine the enamel cross-sections of Wwp1 KO and control mice. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to analyze the calcium and phosphorus content of the enamel rod of incisors. Immunofluorescence was performed to detect the expression of amelogenin (AMELX) in the ameloblasts of Wwp1 KO and control mice. Additionally, LS-8 ameloblast-like epithelial cells were cultured, and Wwp1 siRNA or overexpression plasmids were transfected to knock down or overexpress WWP1. The protein levels of AMELX were then assessed by Western blotting.Results:Single-cell sequencing result showed a high Wwp1 mRNA expression level in the epithelial cells of mouse incisors and mandibular molar tooth germs. Immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of WWP1 in presecretory, secretory, transitional, and mature ameloblasts. Wwp1 KO mice exhibited enamel developmental defects. The enamel volumes of molars and incisors in Wwp1 KO mice [(0.155±0.016), (0.300±0.017) μm 3] were reduced by 23.95% ( P<0.001) and 28.31% ( P<0.001) compared with the control group [(0.203±0.062), (0.418±0.023) μm 3] respectively. Scanning electron microscopy showed disorganized enamel structures in Wwp1 KO incisors and molars. EDS results showed the weight percent of calcium in the enamel rod of incisors decreased in Wwp1 KO mice [(20.74±0.91)%] compared with the control group [(30.30±3.83)%] ( P<0.001), and the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio decreased in Wwp1 KO mice (1.93±0.01) compared with the control group (2.02±0.01) ( P<0.001). Immunofluorescence showed weaker AMELX expression in ameloblasts of mandibular first molar tooth germs from P1 and P7 Wwp1 KO mice compared with the control group ( P<0.001, P<0.001). In LS-8 cells, Wwp1 knocked-down led to a decrease of AMELX protein expression, while WWP1 overexpression resulted in an increased AMELX protein level. Conclusions:WWP1 promotes ameloblast differentiation and enamel matrix mineralization, playing a critical role in enamel formation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a hospital-made resuscitation pack, a Chinese medicinal herbal compound formula designed to enhance recovery in post-bronchoscopy patients. METHODS: In this randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, eligible patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to either the treatment or control groups. The patients in the treatment group applied the resuscitation pack, which contained aromatic compounded Chinese herbs. The patients in the control group applied a hospital-made, single herb placebo pack. Packs were placed on the Tiantu (CV 22) acupuncture point for 4 h as soon as the bronchoscopy finished. Efficacy indicators, such as recovery time, patients' symptoms including nausea and dizziness, and adverse events (AEs) were observed and compared. The outcome indices were evaluated at baseline, 1 and 24 h after the bronchoscopy. Subgroup analysis was further performed by patients' age and depth of sedation. RESULTS: When applying generalized estimating equations (GEE) to evaluate the intensity of post-bronchoscopy nausea and vomiting, the intensity was lower in the treatment group (163 cases) compared with the control group (162 cases; 95% CI: 0.004, 0.099, P=0.03]. Also, significantly lower intensity of nausea was observed in the 60-70 years of age subgroup (95% CI: 0.029, 0.169, P=0.006) and deep sedation subgroup (95% CI: 0.002, 0.124; P=0.04). There was no significant difference in dizziness between two groups by GEE (95% CI: -0.134, 0.297; P=0.459). In addition, no serious AEs were observed in either group. CONCLUSIONS Our study found that the resuscitation pack markedly improved patients' symptoms by reducing nausea and vomiting after bronchoscopy without AEs, compared with placebo in the perioperative period. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR2000038299).
Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Female ; Bronchoscopy/adverse effects* ; Single-Blind Method ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Treatment Outcome ; Resuscitation ; Adult ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of colon dialysis with Yishen Decoction (YS) in improving the autophagy disorder of intestinal epithelial cells in chronic renal failure (CRF) in vivo and in vitro. METHODS: Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, CRF, and colonic dialysis with YS groups by a random number table method (n=10). The CRF model was established by orally gavage of adenine 200 mg/(kg•d) for 4 weeks. CRF rats in the YS group were treated with colonic dialysis using YS 20 g/(kg•d) for 14 consecutive days. The serum creatinine (SCr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pathological changes of kidney and colon tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Autophagosome changes in colonic epithelial cells was observed with electron microscopy. In vitro experiments, human colon cancer epithelial cells (T84) were cultured and divided into normal, urea model (74U), YS colon dialysis, autophagy activator rapamycin (Ra), autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA), and SIRT1 activator resveratrol (Re) groups. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), Claudin-1, silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), LC3, and Beclin-1 both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: Colonic dialysis with YS decreased SCr and BUN levels in CRF rats (P<0.05), and alleviated the pathological changes of renal and colon tissues. Expressions of SIRT1, ZO-1, Claudin-1, Beclin-1, and LC3II/I were increased in the YS group compared with the CRF group in vivo (P<0.05). In in vitro study, compared with normal group, the expressions of SIRT1, ZO-1, and Claudin-1 were decreased, and expressions of Beclin-1, and LC3II/I were increased in the 74U group (P<0.05). Compared with the 74U group, expressions of SIRT1, ZO-1, and Claudin-1 were increased, whereas Beclin-1, and LC3II/I were decreased in the YS group (P<0.05). The treatment of 3-MA and rapamycin regulated autophagy and the expression of SIRT1. SIRT1 activator intervention up-regulated autophagy as well as the expressions of ZO-1 and Claudin-1 compared with the 74U group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Colonic dialysis with YS could improve autophagy disorder and repair CRF intestinal mucosal barrier injury by regulating SIRT1 expression in intestinal epithelial cells.
Animals ; Sirtuin 1/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Autophagy/drug effects* ; Male ; Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism* ; Colon/drug effects* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/drug therapy* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Renal Dialysis ; Rats ; Kidney/drug effects*