Objective To understand the status of body image disturbance and its influencing factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), so as to provide a scientific basis for the clinical management of AS. Methods A total of 353 AS patients admitted from January 2022 to December 2024 were selected as research subjects. Chinese version of Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ) was used to investigate the body image disturbance in AS patients. Single factor analysis was performed by t test and analysis of variance, and multiple factors were analyzed by multivariate linear regression. Results The total score of BIDQ in 342 AS patients was (25.01±4.22). Multivariate linear regression analysis results showed that self-paid medical expense, nighttime VAS score and negative emotion PANAS score could positively predict body image disturbance in AS patients (standardized regression coefficient=0.413, 0.413, 0.460, P<0.05), and PSSS score, positive emotion PANAS score and exercise management CDSSM score could negatively predict body image disturbance (standardized regression coefficient=-0.245, -0.134, -0.247, P<0.05). Conclusion The body image disturbance in AS patients is worthy of clinical attention. Nighttime pain, negative emotion and self-paid medical treatment can increase the risk of body image disturbance. Positive emotion, social support and high self-management level of exercise behavior can reduce the formation of body image disturbance, which can provide new ideas for clinical management of AS patients.

Background Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can influence gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); however, current studies on their association are limited and have yielded inconsistent findings. Objective To investigate the association between maternal exposure to PFAS, as measured by urinary concentrations in early pregnancy, and the risk of developing GDM. Methods Based on the Wuhu Birth Cohort in Anhui Province conducted between 2020 and 2023, this study included 1910 pregnant women. Urine samples were collected during the first trimester, and a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was completed at 24–28 gestational weeks. The concentrations of six PFAS in urine were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Participants were categorized into low, medium, and high exposure groups according to tertiles of individual PFAS concentrations. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the potential impact of early-pregnancy PFAS exposure levels on the risk of GDM, with stratified analyses by maternal age and fetal sex. A generalized weighted quantile sum regression (gWQS) model was applied to evaluate the relative weight distribution of the six PFAS in their mixture effect. Results The logistic regression results revealed that both medium exposure to perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) (OR=1.475, 95%CI: 1.040, 2.093) and high exposure to perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) (OR=1.430, 95%CI: 1.013, 2.018) were positively associated with diagnosed GDM. This association was more pronounced among women older than 28 years. Among pregnant women carrying male fetuses, high-level exposures to per fluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) (OR=1.708, 95%CI: 1.006, 2.899) and PFHxS (OR=2.116, 95%CI: 1.247, 3.584) showed positive associations with diagnosed GDM. In contrast, among those carrying female fetuses, moderate perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) exposure was associated with a lower risk of GDM (OR=0.542, 95%CI: 0.311, 0.946). The gWQS results demonstrated that PFOS (0.48) and perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) (0.34) contributed the most to the mixture effect. Conclusion Early-pregnancy exposure to PFAS (particularly PFHxS and PFNA) may be an etiological factor for GDM, with maternal age and fetal sex potentially acting as effect modifiers in this association.

Objective: The cross sectional study aimed to identify predominant co-occurrence patterns among six common mental health issues in college students, so as to provide empirical basis for designing targeted interventions. Methods: From October 2024, a total of 9 837 students from 4 universities in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province, participated in the current study by multistage random cluster sampling method. Participants completed self report measures, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 item Scale (GAD-7), Young s Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire, the Adolescent Insomnia Symptom Self rating Scale, the Ottawa Self injury Inventory, and the Brief Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences Questionnaire. Demographic and co-occurrence characteristics were first compared using Chi square or trend Chi-square tests, followed by application of the Apriori algorithm to mine association rules for primary co-occurrence patterns. Results: The detection rate of co-occuring the common mental health issues was 46.44%. The detection rate was significantly higher in female than in male students (50.42%, 43.61%; χ 2=44.46) and in students from rural versus urban areas (47.22%, 44.60%; χ 2=5.67) (both P <0.05). Significant differences were observed among freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors (46.63%, 48.35%, 45.05% , 43.66%, respectively; χ 2=9.22, P <0.05), although no statistically significant trend was detected ( χ 2 trend =3.75, P = 0.05 ). Association rule mining identified “anxiety + depression” “anxiety + psychotic experiences + depression” and “anxiety + sleep disorder + depression” as the combinations with the highest support. In addition, “anxiety+depression+Internet addiction+psychotic experiences =>sleep disorder (>= refered to the occurrence of the latter item under the condition that the former item occurs)” and “anxiety + depression+Internet addiction=>sleep disorder” were combinations with relatively high confidence. Conclusions Co-occurrence of these mental health issues among college students is high and exhibits diverse patterns. Strategies to address this burden should prioritize integrated interventions that target these specific combinations of factors.

Hyperthyroidism （HT） is frequently complicated by atrial fibrillation （AF） in clinical practice. Based on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） zang-xiang （藏象） theory and clinical experience， both HT and AF are closely associated with dysfunction of the liver. The pathogenesis is initiated by the liver failing to govern the free flow of qi， and liver constraint and qi stagnation， with the key turning points being liver constraint transforming into fire and the internal stirring of liver wind， ultimately leading to liver blood depletion and insufficient nourishment of the heart spirit. Thus， it is proposed to treat the disease from the liver， with stage-specific therapeutic approaches according to the evolution of the disease. In the early stage， the treatment should focus on soothing the liver and relieving constraint to reduce goiter and calm the heart， while in the progressive stage， the method of clearing liver and draining fire is suggested to subdue yang and stabilize palpitations. In the acute stage， the strategy is calming the liver and nourishing yin to subdue yang and extinguish wind. In the later stage， it is suggested to soften the liver and benefit qi， so as to nourish yin and restore pulse. These methods are sequentially applied to synergistically reduce goiter and stabilize palpitations， providing a therapeutic approach for HT complicated by AF.

Objective To investigate the interaction between a novel antimicrobial compound,HL-J6,and penicillin-binding protein 1(PBP1)of Staphylococcus aureus.Methods With MRSA252 genomic DNA as the template and PBP1F and PBP1R as primers,the expression plasmid pET30a-pbp1-39-608 was constructed by amplifying the target gene fragment followed by cloning into the Nde I/Xho I restriction sites of the pET30a vector.Then the obtained plasmids were transformed into Escherichia coli for the expression of PBP1-39-608 protein,and the product was purified by affinity chromatography.The inhibitory effect of HL-J6 on the transpeptidase activity of PBP1-39-608 was measured using peptidoglycan side chain backbone peptide,with thiol ester analog S2d as the substrate.The affinity between HL-J6 and PBP1-39-608 was detected using microscale thermophoresis(MST),and the binding interaction was confirmed by cellular thermal shift assay(CETSA).Molecular docking and dynamics simulation were performed using AutoDock Vina and Desmond software,respectively,to elucidate the binding mode of HL-J6 with the PBP1-39-608 protein and the key amino acid residues involved.Results The recombinant plasmid pET30a-pbp1-39-608 was successfully constructed,and PBP1-39-608 protein was produced after induction and purified,yielding a protein with an approximate molecular mass of 65×103.HL-J6 inhibited the transpeptidase activity of PBP1-39-608 in a time-dependent manner(P<0.001).The dissociation constant Kd of the binding between HL-J6 and PBP1-39-608 was 64.92 μmol/L.Molecular docking results showed that HL-J6 bound to the active pocket of PBP1-39-608 by interacting with key residues such as ILE-348,ASN-370,THR-516 and PHE-423,with a binding score of-8.38 kcal/mol(<-5.00 kcal/mol).Dynamics simulation results indicated that the complex became stable after 50 ns.Conclusion HL-J6 effectively inhibits the transpeptidase activity of Staphylococcus aureus PBP1,and shows stable interaction with the protein.

By using a strategy of leveraging the ability of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)materials to precisely regulate the spatial orientation of cyclodextrins(CD),a polystyrene-modified γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks(PS-CD-MOFs)capillary coating was established and applied to the chiral separation of amino acids in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography(OT-CEC)based on the excellent film-forming property of polystyrene(PS).Characterization results by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD)indicated that PS was successfully grafted onto the surface of CD-MOFs.The modification significantly improved the structural stability and thermal stability of CD-MOFs while maintaining the integrity of the MOFs.The PS-CD-MOFs coated capillary electrophoresis system exhibited excellent performance in separating dansylated amino acid enantiomers(Dns-D,L-AAs).Specifically,under the optimal separation conditions(Sodium dodecyl sulfate/boric acid buffer system,20 cm capillary,and 10 kV effective voltage),good separation was achieved for D,L-methionine(D,L-Met)and D,L-serine(D,L-Ser).Further quantitative analysis showed that Dns-D,L-Met presented a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 10.0-1500.0 μmol/L,with a correlation coefficient close to 0.998,demonstrating high sensitivity and repeatability.Not only did it overcome the problem that traditional CD(used as additives in capillary electrophoresis)could not precisely control the spatial orientation of chiral resolvents,but also it solved the issues of insufficient stability and bonding amount of CD-MOFs coatings by utilizing the excellent film-forming property of polymers on the inner wall of capillaries.This study provided an efficient and controllable new strategy for construction of chiral separation stationary phases.

The anti-counterfeiting application of three-color fluorescent carbon dots(CDs)in high-quality inkjet printing was studied.Blue,green and red fluorescent CDs were synthesized by solvothermal method using three kinds of isomers of phenylenediamine as precursor,and ethanol-glycerol mixture as solvent.The morphology,composition,structure,and optical properties were characterized.Blue,green and red fluorescent inks were then prepared by diluting CDs with water.The dilution ratio,excitation light source and filtering method were also optimized.The optimal dilution ratio of blue,green and red fluorescent ink was 5,5 and 20,respectively.Under 365,415 and 450 nm light excitation,bright blue,green and red fluorescence from above inks could be observed by using a blue,green and red filter,respectively.These fluorescent inks were finally used for high-quality inkjet printing through monochrome printing mode and polychrome printing mode.In addition,the sensitivity and contrast of printing were quantitatively investigated.The series of three-color fluorescent inks possessed great prospects in ordinary and invisible fluorescent anti-counterfeiting application.

Forensic medicine has been designated as a first-level discipline,presenting new opportunities and challenges for the development of forensic medicine.Since the 1980s,the establishment of foren-sic medicine discipline and the cultivation of high-level forensic talents have become hot topics in the development of forensic medicine in China.Since the 13th Five-Year Plan,the forensic team of Shanxi Medical University has been aiming at the forefront,proposing the development goals of"Five First-class"and the discipline development path"Six Major Achievements".It has selected benchmark disci-plines,identified gaps in disciplinary development,unified thoughts,formulated completion timelines,concentrated superior resources,assigned tasks to individuals,and created an"Organized Fill-in-the-Blank Format"forensic medicine discipline construction model with the characteristics of the new era.The construction model of forensic medicine has achieved good results in the goals,discipline frame-work,scientific research,talent cultivation,discipline team and platform construction,forming a rela-tively complete discipline construction and management system,and accumulating valuable experience for the construction of first-level discipline and high-level talent cultivation of forensic medicine.

Objective To develop a rapid detection method for tiletamine that is easy to operate and low-cost under the premise of ensuring sensitivity and accuracy,to assist in carrying out rapid screening and drug control work on-site.Methods This study integrates dual-ligand copper nanozymes with mo-lecular imprinting technology.Initially,copper nanozymes were synthesized using readily available raw materials at 120℃.Subsequently,specific cavities were imprinted on their surface at room temperature using a sol-gel method to construct a novel fluorescent sensing probe.This probe was characterized and methodologically validated,and then applied to the detection of actual samples.Results The developed probe exhibited stable fluorescence properties,strong anti-interference capability,and excellent specificity and sensitivity,with a detection limit of 5 ng/mL and a quantitative concentration range from 15 to 500 ng/mL.It enabled the rapid detection of tiletamine in real samples such as blood and e-cigarette oil.Conclusion This fluorescent probe can be used for rapid detection and on-site preliminary screening of tiletamine in various types of samples.It significantly improves the detection efficiency and reduces analysis costs,showing high research value and broad application prospects.

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of microRNA-597-3p ( miR-579-3p) in improving hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) by regulating the interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1)/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)/transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Methods:Peripheral blood of healthy neonates ( n=5) and HIE newborns ( n=5) from June 2023 to June 2024 in the No.215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry were collected. The differential expression of miRNA in peripheral blood of neonates with HIE was analyzed by next-generation sequencing. The oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) method was used to establish the HIE cell model, which was designated as the OGD group, while cells without OGD treatment served as the control group. Rat adrenal pheochromocytoma PC12 cells were transfected with miR-579-3p mimic (mimic), mimic negative control (mimic-NC), miR-579-3p inhibitor (inhibitor), inhibitor negative control (inhibitor-NC), respectively, and divided into the mimic group, mimic-NC group, inhibitor group, inhibitor-NC group. On the basis of mimic group and inhibitor group, IRAK1 overexpression plasmid ( oeIRAK1) and IRAK1 small interfering RNA plasmid ( siIRAK1) were transfected respectively, which were divided into oeIRAK1 group and siIRAK1 group. The relative expression level of mRNA was detected by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. The absorbance ( A) value was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay. The apoptosis rate was detected by Annexin Ⅴ-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double staining. The relative expression of protein was detected by Western blotting. The levels of pro-inflammatory factors and anti-oxidative stress factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the binding site between miR-579-3p and IRAK1, and the dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to validate their targeting relationship. A total of 12 7-day-old SD rats were selected and randomly divided into the HIE group and the sham group by the random number table method. In the HIE group, the right common carotid artery of rats was permanently occluded, followed by hypoxia exposure, whereas rats in the sham group only underwent common carotid artery exposure without ligation or hypoxia treatment. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of protein in brain tissue of HIE rats. The least significant difference t-test was used for comparison between the two groups, and one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups. Results:Compared with the healthy neonates, a total of 278 differentially expressed miRNAs were detected in the peripheral blood of neonates with HIE, among which miR-579-3p showed the most significant downregulation. The relative expression level of miR-579-3p in the mimic group (15.78±1.93) was significantly higher than that in the mimic-NC group (1.00±0.14) ( P<0.01), and in the inhibitor group (0.29±0.14) was significantly lower than that in inhibitor-NC group (1.00±0.14) ( P<0.01). The A value in the mimic group (0.89±0.09) was significantly higher than that in the mimic-NC group (0.52±0.08) ( P<0.01), and in the inhibitor group (0.30±0.05 ) was significantly lower than that in the inhibitor-NC group (0.56±0.07) ( P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of mimic group [(7.47±1.53)%] was significantly lower than that in the mimic-NC group [(30.97±3.47)%] ( P<0.05), and in the inhibitor group [(49.05±4.21)%] was significantly lower than that in the inhibitor-NC group [(35.51±3.64)%] ( P<0.01). The relative expression level of cysteine aspartic acid specific protease-3 ( Caspase-3) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) associated X protein ( Bax) (1.21±0.10, 1.40±0.13), the relative expression of cleaved Caspase-3 and Bax (1.00±0.13, 1.13±0.09), the levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α [(45.15±5.14, 38.34±5.69) pg/mg] in the mimic group were significantly lower than those in the mimic-NC group [2.10±0.14, 2.37±0.16, 2.29±0.09, 2.27±0.12, (95.67±9.05, 63.99±5.24) pg/mg] (all P<0.01). The relative expression level of Bcl-2 and Claspin (1.03±0.09, 1.00±0.04), the relative expression of Bcl-2 and Claspin (1.21±0.06, 0.94±0.09), the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) [(67.65±6.86, 58.07±5.20) U/mg] in the mimic group were significantly higher than those in the mimic-NC group [(0.51±0.05, 0.52±0.02, 0.58±0.05, 0.46±0.07, 42.08±5.86, 29.80±4.85) U/mg] ( P<0.05, 0.01). The relative expression level of Caspase-3 and Bax (2.72±0.16, 2.97±0.10), the relative expression of cleaved Caspase-3 and Bax (3.25±0.17, 2.76±0.16), the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α [(122.80±11.59, 92.58±7.56) pg/mg] in the inhibitor group were significantly higher than those in the inhibitor-NC group [(1.86±0.14, 2.12±0.10, 2.35±0.15, 1.82±0.15, (88.13±8.59, 68.61±6.17) pg/mg] ( P<0.05, 0.01). The relative expression levels of Bcl-2 and Claspin mRNA (0.17±0.04, 0.20±0.06), the relative expression of Bcl-2 and Claspin proteins (0.11±0.03, 0.13±0.05), the levels of SOD and GSH-Px [(16.62±3.19, 12.01±1.92) U/mg] in the inhibitor group were significantly lower than those in the inhibitor-NC group [0.54±0.05, 0.54±0.05, 0.53±0.10, 0.45±0.07, (38.09±5.47, 30.90±3.87) U/mg] ( P<0.05, 0.01). IRAK1 was identified as a putative target of miR-579-3p. The relative luciferase activity of wild-type IRAK1 in the mimic group (0.45±0.05) was significantly lower than that in the mimic-NC group (1.00±0.08) ( P<0.01). The relative expression levels of IRAK1, TRAF6, TAK1 and NF-κB mRNA in the mimic group (0.96±0.09, 0.96±0.11, 1.34±0.16, 1.74±0.20), the relative expression of IRAK1, TRAF6, TAK1, and phosphorylated NF-κB (p-NF-κB) proteins (0.96±0.20, 1.27±0.19, 1.34±0.18, 1.16±0.19) were all lower than those in the mimic-NC group (1.96±0.17, 1.88±0.24, 2.39±0.23, 2.44±0.20, 2.33±0.22, 2.17±0.24, 2.25±0.28, 2.06±0.28) (all P<0.01). The relative expression levels of IRAK1, TRAF6, TAK1 and NF-κB mRNA in the inhibitor group (2.54±0.15, 2.61±0.13, 2.97±0.15, 2.99±0.20), the relative expression of IRAK1, TRAF6, TAK1 and p-NF-κB proteins (3.73±0.34, 3.17±0.25, 3.68±0.22, 3.29±0.20) were all higher than those in the inhibitor-NC group (1.87±0.18, 1.84±0.19, 2.15±0.24, 2.24±0.26, 2.35±0.23, 1.94±0.25, 2.05±0.27, 2.17±0.29) (all P<0.01). The A value in the oeIRAK1 group (0.66±0.07) was significantly lower than that in the mimic group (0.94±0.10) ( P<0.05), and in the siIRAK1 group (0.51±0.08) was significantly higher than that in the inhibitor group (0.23±0.05) ( P<0.05). The apoptosis rate in the oeIRAK1 group [(23.32±2.40)%] was significantly higher than that in the mimic group [(9.02±1.23)%] ( P<0.05), and in the siIRAK1 group [(28.27±2.57)%] was significantly lower than that in the inhibitor group [(48.96±4.60)%] ( P<0.01). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the oeIRAK1 group [(85.10±6.98, 59.49±5.78) pg/mg] were significantly higher than those in the mimic group [(47.51±8.87, 23.65±3.75) pg/mg], and the levels of SOD and GSH-Px [(49.58±5.63, 41.31±6.21) U/mg] were significantly lower than those in the mimic group [(81.22±6.94, 62.26±5.44) U/mg] ( P<0.05, 0.01). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the siIRAK1 group [(108.25±9.47, 74.87±8.71) pg/mg] were significantly lower than those in the inhibitor group [(142.65±13.88, 104.49±9.18) pg/mg], and the levels of SOD and GSH-Px [(35.87±3.69, 34.89±4.96) U/mg] were significantly higher than those in the inhibitor group [(15.55±3.70, 15.62±3.30) U/mg] ( P<0.05, 0.01). The relative expression level of miR-579-3p in the HIE group (0.47±0.11) was significantly lower than that in the sham group (1.00±0.09) ( P<0.01). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the HIE group [(62.18±6.42, 68.42±4.91) pg/mg] were significantly higher than those in the sham group [(20.77±4.68, 31.16±4.95) pg/mg], and the levels of SOD and GSH-Px [(22.63±3.33, 19.07±2.86) U/mg] were significantly lower than those in the sham group [(47.89±4.58, 56.55±4.45) U/mg] (all P<0.01). The relative levels of TLR4, IRAK1, TRAF6, TAK1, NF-κB, and Caspase-3 mRNA, TLR4, IRAK1, TRAF6, TAK1, p-NF-κB, and cleaved Caspase-3 proteins in the HIE group (1.87±0.24, 2.03±0.21, 2.23±0.20, 1.85±0.18, 1.91±0.20, 2.36±0.20, 2.36±0.28, 2.16±0.28, 1.95±0.27, 2.05±0.26, 2.34±0.24, and 2.72±0.23) were all higher than those in the sham group (1.00±0.15, 1.00±0.11, 1.00±0.09, 1.00±0.05, 1.00±0.12, 1.00±0.15, 1.00±0.15, 1.00±0.21, 1.00±0.10, 1.00±0.14, 1.00±0.19, 1.00±0.16) (all P<0.01), which were consistent with the immunohistochemical staining results. Conclusions:miR-579-3p might alleviate HIE-induced neuronal damage by regulating the IRAK1/TRAF6/TAK1/NF-κB signaling pathway.