Objective: To understand the moderating effect of cohabitation with parents on the association between peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students, so as to provide a scientific basis for preventing sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students. Methods: From March to April 2021, an electronic questionnaire survey was conducted among 3 180 students from 6 vocational schools in Shanghai (urban, suburban, exurban) and Shaanxi (Shangluo, Ankang, Baoji) using cluster sampling. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship of cohabitation with parents, peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students. Binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the role of cohabitation with parents on peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors among secondary vocational students. Results: There was a significant negative between cohabitation with parents and sexual ( r =-0.04); and there was a positive correlation between peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors ( r =0.24), as well as cohabitation with parents and peer dating behavior ( r =0.04)( P <0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed an association between peer dating behavior and the occurrence of sexual behaviors ( OR=2.79-12.95, P <0.05). Cohabitation with parents played a moderating role in the association between peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors, and a signification interaction was found between cohabitation with parents and reporting that a small part or about half of their peers had dating behavior ( OR =0.48, P <0.05). Conclusions The more peers dating behavior are associated with a higher risk of sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students, and cohabitation with parents can partly reduce this risk. School and family sexuality education for secondary vocational students should be strengthened to improve their interpersonal skills and decision-making, and ability to resist peer pressure, so as to reduce their risk of sexual behaviors.

This study was aimed at comparing performance differences among three metagenomic sequencing platforms,MGISEQ-2000,Illumina NextSeq 2000,and Ion GeneStudio S5 Plus,to optimize the sequencing process for trace samples.The three sequencing platforms were used to perform high-throughput sequencing on DNA standards and simulated samples.Through analysis of the quality of raw data and microbial detection capabilities,systematic differences among platforms were compared.The sequencing results were optimized for trace samples by incorporation of exogenous nucleic acids during the li-brary preparation process.In terms of data output per batch and base quality,MGISEQ-2000 surpassed the other two plat-forms.Illumina NextSeq 2000 had the lowest proportion of duplicate reads,whereas Ion GeneStudio S5 Plus had the highest proportion,and significant differences were observed across platforms(P＜0.001).In sequencing uniformity,MGISEQ-2000 and Illumina NextSeq 2000 were superior to Ion GeneStudio S5 Plus.MGISEQ-2000 provided a substantial advantage in microbial detection capability(P＜0.001),but the advantage diminished with decreasing bacterial fluid concentration.Ion GeneStudio S5 Plus had the shortest duration for single-batch sequencing.Moreo-ver,for trace samples with DNA content ≤0.05 ng,the experi-mental group(with added exogenous nucleic acids)achieved a higher number of reads than the control group(without exogenous nucleic acids),with a 11.09±8.03 fold increase.In conclu-sion,the different sequencing platforms each had advantages and disadvantages,thus allowing researchers to choose the appro-priate platform according to specific needs.Furthermore,the addition of exogenous nucleic acids improved the microorganism detection efficiency,and provided better support for subsequent diagnosis and evaluation of results.

Objective: To understand sexual and reproductive health knowledge, access to sexuality education and associated factors among secondary vocational school students in Shanghai Municipality and Shaanxi Province, so as to provide a scientific basis for conducting sexuality educaiton in vocational schools. Methods: A crosssectional survey was conducted among 3 180 students in grades 1-3 selected by cluster sampling during April to June 2021 in six secondary vocational schools from three cities of Shanghai and Shaanxi (Shangluo, Ankang, Baoji). Participants were investigated through online questionnaire survey, inlcuding demographic characteristics, household information, sexual health at home and school, knowledge on sexual and reproductive health. Both t test and Chisquare test were used for group comparisons, and multivariate ordial Logistic regression was used to explore possible risk factors for sexual and reproductive health score in quartiles. Results: Respondents average score was (51.36±21.61), with the highest score on sexual harassment/sexual abuse (66.45±42.27) and the lowest score on reproduction and physiology (47.67±31.94) and contraception (43.85±26.81). Although significant differences were observed between two study sites, the primary source of knowledge in both sites was schools/teachers, followed by the Internet or friends; the main theme of school sexuality education was puberty development and health care (more than 80%); the most frequently reported topic between respondents and their parents in both sites was interpersonal relationships (more than 55%), and there were significant differences in the reporting rates of secondary vocational school students between the two regions(χ2=28.56，32.02，P<0.05). The results of multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that residential area, gender, grade, registered residence, number of sexual related topics communicated with parents, number of subjects received from school sexuality education, and reported information sources from classmates/friends, books/magazines/newspapers, internet and communities were related to knowledge level of respondents (OR=1.62, 0.72, 1.20, 1.58, 2.09, 1.17, 1.18, 1.66, 1.62, 1.69, 1.22, P<0.05). Conclusions Vocational students of Shanghai and Shaanxi have poor sexual and reproductive health knowledge and limited access to school and family sexuality education. It is necessary to strengthen sexuality education for secondary vocational school students.

Objective:To study the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of adult thyroid nodules in Wuhan City, and to analyze the influencing factors of thyroid nodules, so as to provide basis for prevention and treatment of adult thyroid nodules in Wuhan City.Methods:From 2019 to 2021, two communities or towns were selected from each of the 13 districts in Wuhan City using multi-stage cluster random sampling method. One hundred permanent residents over the age of 16 were selected from each community or town according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria (age and sex ratio balanced), for questionnaire survey, physical examination, urinary iodine test and thyroid ultrasound examination. The influencing factors of thyroid nodules was analyzed using logistic regession and Spearman correlation.Results:A total of 2 578 adults were investigated, including 1 168 men and 1 410 women. The age was (41.79 ± 13.01) years. The prevalence of thyroid nodules was 35.49% (915/2 578). The prevalence of single nodules was 19.16% (494/2 578), which was higher than that of multiple nodules [16.33% (421/2 578), χ 2 = 2 577.00, P < 0.001]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female ( OR = 2.033, 95% CI: 1.631 - 2.535), older ( OR = 1.404, 95% CI: 1.290 - 1.528), history of thyroid disease ( OR = 1.351, 95% CI: 1.211 - 1.506) and diabetes ( OR = 1.449, 95% CI: 1.083 - 1.938) were independent risk factors for adult thyroid nodules ( P < 0.05). The median urinary iodine of residents in Wuhan City was 185.32 μg/L, at an appropriate level of iodine nutrition, there was no correlation between urinary iodine and thyroid nodules ( r = 0.02, P = 0.391). Conclusions:The prevalence of thyroid nodules of adults in Wuhan City is high. Women, older, a history of thyroid diseases and diabetes are all risk factors for thyroid nodules. No correlation is found between urinary iodine level and thyroid nodules.

Objective: To investigate the functional changes of key gut microbiota (GM) that produce lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and to explore their potential role in the pathogenesis of AF. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. Patients with AF admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University were enrolled from March 2016 to December 2018. Subjects with matched genetic backgrounds undergoing physical examination during the same period were selected as controls. Clinical baseline data and fecal samples were collected. Bacterial DNA was extracted and metagenomic sequencing was performed by using Illumina Novaseq. Based on metagenomic data, the relative abundances of KEGG Orthology (KO), enzymatic genes and species that harbored enzymatic genes were acquired. The key features were selected via the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. The role of GM-derived LPS biosynthetic feature in the development of AF was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and logistic regression analysis. Results: Fifty nonvalvular AF patients (mean age: 66.0 (57.0, 71.3), 32 males(64%)) were enrolled as AF group. Fifty individuals (mean age 55.0 (50.5, 57.5), 41 males(82%)) were recruited as controls. Compared with the controls, AF patients showed a marked difference in the GM genes underlying LPS-biosynthesis, including 20 potential LPS-synthesis KO, 7 LPS-biosynthesis enzymatic genes and 89 species that were assigned as taxa harbored nine LPS-enzymatic genes. LASSO regression analysis showed that 5 KO, 3 enzymatic genes and 9 species could be selected to construct the KO, enzyme and species scoring system. Genes enriched in AF group included 2 KO (K02851 and K00972), 3 enzymatic genes (LpxH, LpxC and LpxK) and 7 species (Intestinibacter bartlettii、Ruminococcus sp. JC304、Coprococcus catus、uncultured Eubacterium sp.、Eubacterium sp. CAG:251、Anaerostipes hadrus、Dorea longicatena). ROC curve analysis revealed the predictive capacity of differential GM-derived LPS signatures to distinguish AF patients in terms of above KO, enzymatic and species scores: area under curve (AUC)=0.957, 95%CI: 0.918-0.995, AUC=0.940, 95%CI 0.889-0.991, AUC=0.972, 95%CI 0.948-0.997. PLS-SEM showed that changes in lipopolysaccharide-producing bacteria could be involved in the pathogenesis of AF. The key KO mediated 35.17% of the total effect of key bacteria on AF. After incorporating the clinical factors of AF, the KO score was positively associated with the significantly increased risk of AF (OR<0.001, 95%CI:<0.001-0.021, P<0.001). Conclusion: Microbes involved in LPS synthesis are enriched in the gut of AF patients, accompanied with up-regulated LPS synthesis function by encoding the LPS-enzymatic biosynthesis gene.
Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation/complications* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanisms underlying the proliferative inhibition of Chinese herbal medicine Kang-Ai injection (KAI) in gastric cancer cells. METHODS: Gastric cancer cell lines MGC803 and BGC823 were treated by 0, 0.3%, 1%, 3% and 10% KAI for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The cell proliferation was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The apoptosis and cell cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry. Interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The protein expression levels of cyclin A, cyclin E, cyclin B1, cyclin D1, p21, retinoblastoma (RB), protein kinase B (AKT), extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT3 were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: KAI inhibited the proliferation of MGC803 and BGC823 gastric cancer cells in dose- and time-dependent manner. After treated with KAI for 48 h, the proportion of G1 phase was increased, expression level of cyclin D1 and phosphorylation-RB were down-regulated, whereas the expression of p21 was up-regulated (all P<0.01). Furthermore, 48-h treatment with KAI decreased the phosphorylation level of STAT3, inhibited the mRNA and protein expressions of IL-6 (all P<0.01). IL-6 at dose of 10 ng/mL significantly attenuated the proliferative effect of both 3% and 10% KAI, and recovered KAI-inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and cyclin D1 expression level (all P<0.01). CONCLUSION KAI exerted an anti-proliferative function by inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway followed by the induction of G₁ phase arrest in gastric cancer cells.
Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin D1/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Interleukin-6/metabolism* ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism* ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism* ; Stomach Neoplasms/genetics*

The S3 level clinical practice guideline for the treatment of stage Ⅳperiodontitis, developed by the European Federation of Periodontology, was published in April 22, 2022 (DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13639). According to the severity and complexity, stage Ⅳ periodontitis was grouped into four case types, and comprehensive treatment plans were formulated correspondingly in the guideline, including tooth splinting, occlusal adjustment, orthodontic therapy, restorative therapy, and personalized supportive periodontal care as well. The aim of present work is to intensively interpret the key points of the guideline and help the clinicians to understand this guideline better, in order to improve the treatment level of stage Ⅳ periodontitis in China.
Humans ; Periodontitis/therapy* ; Periodontics ; Tooth ; Occlusal Adjustment ; China

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of plasma exchange therapy on crescentic IgA nephropathy (IgAN). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed in a cohort of patients with crescentic IgAN from January 2012 to September 2020 at 9 sites across China. Clinical and pathological data, as well as therapeutic regimens, were collected. In order to minimize the effect of potential confounders in baseline characteristics, propensity score matching using a 1 ∶1 ratio nearest neighbor algorithm was performed between the adjunctive plasma exchange therapy group and the intensive immunosuppressive therapy group. The primary outcome was end-stage of kidney disease (ESKD). Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the difference in renal survival between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 95 crescentic IgAN patients with acute kidney disease were included in this study, including 37 (38.9%) patients receiving adjunctive plasma exchange therapy, and 58 (61.1%) patients receiving intensive immunosuppressive therapy. In the whole cohort, the baseline eGFR was 12.77 (7.28, 21.29) mL/(min·1.73 m²), 24-hour urinary protein quantification was 5.9 (4.0, 8.9) g, and crescent percentage was 64.71% (54.55%, 73.68%). In the study, 23 patients in each group were matched after propensity score matching The median follow-up time was 7 (1, 26) months. As a whole, 29 patients (63.0%) reached ESKD, including 16 patients (69.6%) in the adjunctive plasma exchange therapy group and 13 (56.5%) patients in the intensive immunosuppressive therapy group.. There were no stastical difference between the two groups in terms of baseline eGFR [14.30 (9.31, 17.58) mL/(min·1.73 m²) vs. 11.45 (5.59, 20.79) mL/(min·1.73 m²)], 24-hour urinary protein (7.4±3.4) g vs. (6.6±3.8) g, crescent percentage 64.49%±13.23% vs. 66.41%±12.65% and the proportion of patients received steroid therapy[23 (100.0%) vs. 21 (91.3%)] (All P>0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference in renal survival rate between the two groups (Log-rank test, P=0.933). CONCLUSION The adjunctive plasma exchange therapy in addition to conventional intense immunosuppressive therapy did not additionally improve the prognosis of crescentic IgA nephropathy.
Cohort Studies ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA/pathology* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy* ; Plasma Exchange ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Steroids/therapeutic use*

ObjectiveTo assess the screening ability of two new anthropometric indices： a body shape index （ABSI） and body roundness index （BRI） for metabolic associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD） in adults， and to determine the optimal cut-off value. MethodsBased on the valid baseline data collected from March 2018 to October 2019 in Dongguan City， Guangdong Province by South China Cohort （SCC） project， a total of 9 214 adults were included， with physical examination， ultrasound and laboratory tests. MAFLD was diagnosed according to the consensus statement of international experts. Body mass index （BMI）， waist circumference （WC） and waist-height-ratio （WHtR） were used as reference to evaluate the screening ability of ABSI and BRI. Spearman rank test and logistic regression model were used to compare the correlation between each index and MAFLD. The receiver operating characteristic curve （ROC） was used to compare the area under the curve （AUC）. ResultsThe prevalence of MAFLD was 31.41%， which increased linearly across the quartile of each index except ABSI. There was a positive correlation between each index and MAFLD but ABSI was the weakest （r_s=0.069 in males and r_s=0.045 in females） while BRI was stronger （r_s=0.409 in males and r_s=0.413 in females）. A multivariate logistic regression analysis of the presence of MAFLD for the highest quartile vs. the lowest quartile of each anthropometric measure， showed that ABSI had the lowest OR without statistical significance. The OR and 95%CI was 1.09 （0.85， 1.41） in males and 0.90 （0.74， 1.08） in females， respectively. BRI was similar to WHtR， and BMI had the strongest association whose OR and 95%CI was 61.15 （35.12， 106.47） in males and 20.07 （15.24， 26.43） in females， respectively. ABSI had the lowest AUC for MAFLD （0.55 in males and 0.53 in females） and the cut-off value was respectively 0.080 5 in males and 0.078 2 in females. BRI had a higher AUC （0.77 in males and 0.75 in females）， equal to WHtR and similar to WC （0.79 in males and 0.77 in females） but lower than BMI （0.81 in males and 0.79 in females）. The optimal cut-off value for BRI was 4.10 in males and 4.51 in females. BRI also showed a certain screening ability on MAFLD in lean/normal weight population （0.73 in males and 0.69 in females）， patients with diabetes （0.73 in males and 0.71 in females） and subjects with lean/normal weight and metabolic dysfunction （0.60 in males and 0.55 in females）. ConclusionsBRI can effectively identify MAFLD （AUC>0.7） and the optimal cut-off value is 4.10 for males and 4.51 for females， while ABSI performs poorly. Considering the screening on MAFLD in population with different characteristics， BRI shows a potential for use in early screening of MAFLD.

ObjectiveTo assess the screening ability of two new anthropometric indices： a body shape index （ABSI） and body roundness index （BRI） for metabolic associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD） in adults， and to determine the optimal cut-off value. MethodsBased on the valid baseline data collected from March 2018 to October 2019 in Dongguan City， Guangdong Province by South China Cohort （SCC） project， a total of 9 214 adults were included， with physical examination， ultrasound and laboratory tests. MAFLD was diagnosed according to the consensus statement of international experts. Body mass index （BMI）， waist circumference （WC） and waist-height-ratio （WHtR） were used as reference to evaluate the screening ability of ABSI and BRI. Spearman rank test and logistic regression model were used to compare the correlation between each index and MAFLD. The receiver operating characteristic curve （ROC） was used to compare the area under the curve （AUC）. ResultsThe prevalence of MAFLD was 31.41%， which increased linearly across the quartile of each index except ABSI. There was a positive correlation between each index and MAFLD but ABSI was the weakest （r_s=0.069 in males and r_s=0.045 in females） while BRI was stronger （r_s=0.409 in males and r_s=0.413 in females）. A multivariate logistic regression analysis of the presence of MAFLD for the highest quartile vs. the lowest quartile of each anthropometric measure， showed that ABSI had the lowest OR without statistical significance. The OR and 95%CI was 1.09 （0.85， 1.41） in males and 0.90 （0.74， 1.08） in females， respectively. BRI was similar to WHtR， and BMI had the strongest association whose OR and 95%CI was 61.15 （35.12， 106.47） in males and 20.07 （15.24， 26.43） in females， respectively. ABSI had the lowest AUC for MAFLD （0.55 in males and 0.53 in females） and the cut-off value was respectively 0.080 5 in males and 0.078 2 in females. BRI had a higher AUC （0.77 in males and 0.75 in females）， equal to WHtR and similar to WC （0.79 in males and 0.77 in females） but lower than BMI （0.81 in males and 0.79 in females）. The optimal cut-off value for BRI was 4.10 in males and 4.51 in females. BRI also showed a certain screening ability on MAFLD in lean/normal weight population （0.73 in males and 0.69 in females）， patients with diabetes （0.73 in males and 0.71 in females） and subjects with lean/normal weight and metabolic dysfunction （0.60 in males and 0.55 in females）. ConclusionsBRI can effectively identify MAFLD （AUC>0.7） and the optimal cut-off value is 4.10 for males and 4.51 for females， while ABSI performs poorly. Considering the screening on MAFLD in population with different characteristics， BRI shows a potential for use in early screening of MAFLD.