Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)with half-dose recombinant staphylokinase(r-SAK)in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)who are expected to undergo PCI within 120 minutes.Methods From October 2021 to August 2022,a total of 200 STEMI patients in eight centers were included and randomly assigned in a 1﹕1 ratio to either r-SAK group or control group.Patients received loading doses of aspirin and ticagrelor and intravenous heparin and were randomized to receive an intravenous bolus of either 5 mg r-SAK or normal saline prior to PCI.The outcomes were set as ST-segment resolution(STR)at 60-90 minutes after PCI,the proportion and transition of pathological Q waves on the 5th day after PCI,and the proportion of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T(hs-cTnT)peaking within 12 hours of onset.The safety outcome was major bleeding events defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium(BARC)≥type 3 bleeding during hospitalization.Results Compared with the control group,the r-SAK group had a higher proportion of STR≥70%within 60-90 minutes after PCI(58.3%vs.40.3%,P=0.009);a lower proportion of pathological Q waves(59.1%vs.74.1%,P=0.040);a lower rate of Q wave progression(14.8%vs.43.2%,P＜0.001);a higher rate of Q wave disappearance(12.5%vs.3.7%,P=0.027);and a higher proportion of hs-cTnT peaking within 12 hours of symptom onset[31/40(77.5%)vs.17/33(51.5%),P=0.027].Regarding the safety outcome,no significant difference in BARC≥type 3 bleeding was found between the two groups during hospitalization(P＞0.05).Conclusions For STEMI patients who were expected to undergo primary PCI within 120 minutes of symptom onset,the facilitated PCI with half-dose r-SAK significantly increased the proportion of STR≥70%at 60-90 minutes after PCI,reduced the formation of pathological Q waves,and shortened the time to peak hs-cTnT,without increasing the risk of bleeding,which should be an alternative reperfusion strategy worthy of further study.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)with half-dose recombinant staphylokinase(r-SAK)in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)who are expected to undergo PCI within 120 minutes.Methods From October 2021 to August 2022,a total of 200 STEMI patients in eight centers were included and randomly assigned in a 1﹕1 ratio to either r-SAK group or control group.Patients received loading doses of aspirin and ticagrelor and intravenous heparin and were randomized to receive an intravenous bolus of either 5 mg r-SAK or normal saline prior to PCI.The outcomes were set as ST-segment resolution(STR)at 60-90 minutes after PCI,the proportion and transition of pathological Q waves on the 5th day after PCI,and the proportion of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T(hs-cTnT)peaking within 12 hours of onset.The safety outcome was major bleeding events defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium(BARC)≥type 3 bleeding during hospitalization.Results Compared with the control group,the r-SAK group had a higher proportion of STR≥70%within 60-90 minutes after PCI(58.3%vs.40.3%,P=0.009);a lower proportion of pathological Q waves(59.1%vs.74.1%,P=0.040);a lower rate of Q wave progression(14.8%vs.43.2%,P＜0.001);a higher rate of Q wave disappearance(12.5%vs.3.7%,P=0.027);and a higher proportion of hs-cTnT peaking within 12 hours of symptom onset[31/40(77.5%)vs.17/33(51.5%),P=0.027].Regarding the safety outcome,no significant difference in BARC≥type 3 bleeding was found between the two groups during hospitalization(P＞0.05).Conclusions For STEMI patients who were expected to undergo primary PCI within 120 minutes of symptom onset,the facilitated PCI with half-dose r-SAK significantly increased the proportion of STR≥70%at 60-90 minutes after PCI,reduced the formation of pathological Q waves,and shortened the time to peak hs-cTnT,without increasing the risk of bleeding,which should be an alternative reperfusion strategy worthy of further study.

Objective To investigate the impact of Maxing Shigan decoction on lung tissue damage in cough variant asthma(CVA)rats by regulating the Notch1/Jagged1 signaling pathway.Methods The CVA rat model was established by ovalbumin+aluminum hydroxide sensitization method.After successful modeling,the rats were randomly divided into control group(conventional feeding),model group(4％ovalbumin 0.5 mL+2％aluminum hydroxide 0.2 mL),combined group(on the basis of the model group,16 g·kg-1 Maxing Shigan decoction and 200 mg·kg-1 Jagged1 were added respectively)and experimental-L,experimental-M,experimental-H groups(on the basis of the model group,4,8 and 16 g·kg-1 Maxing Shigan decoction were added respectively),with 15 rats in each group.The cough frequency and histopathological changes of the lung tissue were observed,and the expression level of Notch1 and Jagged1 protein were detected by Western blot.Results The coughing times of rats in control group,model group,experiment-L group,experiment-M group,experiment-H group and combined group were(2.04±0.08),(9.21±0.82),(7.38±0.60),(5.44±0.42),(3.14±0.32)and(7.88±0.65)times,respectively;the number of goblet cells in lung tissue was 13.65±1.24,59.66±5.54,47.21±4.12,34.58±3.01,23.54±2.06 and 39.25±3.68,respectively;the relative expression levels of Notch1 protein were 0.42±0.03,1.16±0.09,0.97±0.09,0.76±0.07,0.59±0.05 and 0.89±0.07,respectively;the relative expression levels of of Jagged1 protein were 0.36±0.03,1.09±0.04,0.92±0.09,0.70±0.07,0.46±0.04 and 0.79±0.07,respectively.The above indexes of the model group were compared with those of the control group,the experimental-L group,the experimental-M group and the experimental-H group,and the above indexes of the combined group were compared with those of the experimental-H group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Maxing Shigan decoction may improve lung tissue damage in CVA rats by inhibiting the activation of Notch1/Jagged1 signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the expression of soluble lectin-like oxidized low den-sity lipoprotein receptor-1(sLOX-1)and C1q/tumor necrosis factor related protein 3(CTRP3)in the serum of patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO)and their relationship with restenosis(ISR)after stent intervention.Methods:From June 2019 to June 2022,106 ASO pa-tients who underwent stent intervention in our hospital were regarded as the study subjects.One year after surgery,they were separated into a non ISR group(n=64)and an ISR group(n=42)based on their onset of ISR.The serum levels of sLOX-1 and CTRP3 were compared between the two groups;multivariate Logistic regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of ISR after stent intervention in ASO patients;ROC curve was applied to analyze the predictive value of se-rum sLOX-1 and CTRP3 levels for ISR after stent intervention in ASO patients.Results:The se-rum sLOX-1 level in the ISR group was obviously higher than that in the non ISR group(P＜0.05),and the CTRP31 level was obviously lower than that in the non ISR group(P＜0.05).The complete occlusion,and sLOX-1 were independent risk factors for ISR after stent intervention in ASO pa-tients,while CTRP3 was a protective factor for ISR after stent intervention in ASO patients(P＜0.05).The AUC of the combination of serum sLOX-1 and CTRP3 in predicting ISR after stent in-tervention in ASO patients was 0.944,with a sensitivity of 97.62％and a specificity of 79.69％,which was superior to the individual predictions of sLOX-1 and CTRP3(Zcombineddetaction-sLOX-1=2.732,Zcombineddetection-CTRP3=2.143,P=0.006,0.032).Conclusion:After ASO stent intervention,the serum level of sLOX-1 was obviously increased in ISR patients,while the level of CTRP3 was obviously reduced,and the combination of the two fatcors has high predictive value for the occurrence of ISR in ASO patients after stent intervention.

Objective To investigate the effects of simvastatin mediated adenylate activated protein kinase/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ-coactivator 1 α(AMPK/PGC-1α)pathway on neural function in rats with Parkinson's disease.Methods Parkinson's disease model was established in SD rats.After successful modeling,they were divided into model group,positive group(1.67 mg·kg-1 metoba),experimental-L group(10 mg·kg-1 simvastatin),experimental-H group(20 mg·kg-1 simvastatin),BML-275 group(20 mg·kg-1 simvastatin+0.25 mg·kg-1 AMPK inhibitor BML-275)and 10 normal rats were selected as control group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect dopamine(DA),3,4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid(DOPAC),homovanillic acid(HVA),5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT);Western blot was used to detect the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)and AMPK/PGC-1α pathway-related proteins;TH expression was detected by immunohistochemistry,malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were detected by kit.Results The DA of control group,model group,experimental-H group and BML-275 group were(495.63±34.30),(207.53±24.10),(429.39±44.89)and(285.55±20.79)pg·mL-1,respectively;DOPAC were(33.38±2.48),(17.70±1.31),(29.12±1.72)and(20.67±1.45)ng·mL-1,respectively;HVA were(58.75±6.25),(25.27±2.00),(46.16±2.83)and(30.58±1.91)ng·mL-1,respectively;5-HT were(5.62±0.45),(2.37±0.13),(4.42±0.26)and(3.23±0.29)ng·mL-1,respectively;5-HIAA were(11.11±1.08),(3.88±0.30),(7.99±0.63)and(6.04±0.51)ng·mL-1,respectively;p-AMPK protein expression were 0.98±0.06,0.35±0.04,0.80±0.05 and 0.21±0.02,respectively;PGC-1α protein expression were 1.12±0.11,0.40±0.04,0.90±0.08 and 0.58±0.05,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the above indexes between control group and model group,and between model group and experimental-H group and inhibitor group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Simvastatin can improve the neural function of Parkinson's disease rats by regulating AMPK/PGC-1α pathway.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from seeds of Canavalia gladiata(Jacq.)DC.,and their estrogen-like activities.METHODS The 75% ethanol extract from the seeds of C.gladiata was isolated and purified by various chromatography,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The estrogen-like activities were evaluated by human breast cancer cells(MCF-7)stably transfected with estrogen receptor reporter gene(ER-Luc).RESULTS Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as biorobin(1),kaempferol 3-O-[O-β-D-apio-D-furanosyl(1→2)-O-[α-L-rhamno-pyranosyl(1 → 6)]-β-D-galactopyranoside(2),kaempferol 3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-[α-L-rhamonopyranosyl(1→6)]-β-D-galactopyranoside}(3),iso-quercitrin(4),quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucoside(5),isomyricitrin(6),myricetin-3-O-rutinoside(7)(3-ethenylphenyl)-1,2-ethanediol(8),1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose(9),breynioside A(10),4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenol-1-O-β-D-(6′-O-galloyl)glucoside(11),maesopsin-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(12).Compounds 1,3-5,8-9 in the concentration of 50 μmol/L,and compounds 2,12 in 100 μmol/L showed estrogen-like activities.CONCLUSION All compounds are isolated from the gene Canavalia for the first time.Compounds 1,3-5,8-9 showed stronger estrogen-like activities than compounds 2 and 12.

Objective To investigate the impact of Maxing Shigan decoction on lung tissue damage in cough variant asthma(CVA)rats by regulating the Notch1/Jagged1 signaling pathway.Methods The CVA rat model was established by ovalbumin+aluminum hydroxide sensitization method.After successful modeling,the rats were randomly divided into control group(conventional feeding),model group(4％ovalbumin 0.5 mL+2％aluminum hydroxide 0.2 mL),combined group(on the basis of the model group,16 g·kg-1 Maxing Shigan decoction and 200 mg·kg-1 Jagged1 were added respectively)and experimental-L,experimental-M,experimental-H groups(on the basis of the model group,4,8 and 16 g·kg-1 Maxing Shigan decoction were added respectively),with 15 rats in each group.The cough frequency and histopathological changes of the lung tissue were observed,and the expression level of Notch1 and Jagged1 protein were detected by Western blot.Results The coughing times of rats in control group,model group,experiment-L group,experiment-M group,experiment-H group and combined group were(2.04±0.08),(9.21±0.82),(7.38±0.60),(5.44±0.42),(3.14±0.32)and(7.88±0.65)times,respectively;the number of goblet cells in lung tissue was 13.65±1.24,59.66±5.54,47.21±4.12,34.58±3.01,23.54±2.06 and 39.25±3.68,respectively;the relative expression levels of Notch1 protein were 0.42±0.03,1.16±0.09,0.97±0.09,0.76±0.07,0.59±0.05 and 0.89±0.07,respectively;the relative expression levels of of Jagged1 protein were 0.36±0.03,1.09±0.04,0.92±0.09,0.70±0.07,0.46±0.04 and 0.79±0.07,respectively.The above indexes of the model group were compared with those of the control group,the experimental-L group,the experimental-M group and the experimental-H group,and the above indexes of the combined group were compared with those of the experimental-H group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Maxing Shigan decoction may improve lung tissue damage in CVA rats by inhibiting the activation of Notch1/Jagged1 signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To predict the trends for fine-scale spread of Oncomelania hupensis based on supervised machine learning models in Shanghai Municipality, so as to provide insights into precision O. hupensis snail control. METHODS: Based on 2016 O. hupensis snail survey data in Shanghai Municipality and climatic, geographical, vegetation and socioeconomic data relating to O. hupensis snail distribution, seven supervised machine learning models were created to predict the risk of snail spread in Shanghai, including decision tree, random forest, generalized boosted model, support vector machine, naive Bayes, k-nearest neighbor and C5.0. The performance of seven models for predicting snail spread was evaluated with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), F1-score and accuracy, and optimal models were selected to identify the environmental variables affecting snail spread and predict the areas at risk of snail spread in Shanghai Municipality. RESULTS: Seven supervised machine learning models were successfully created to predict the risk of snail spread in Shanghai Municipality, and random forest (AUC = 0.901, F1-score = 0.840, ACC = 0.797) and generalized boosted model (AUC= 0.889, F1-score = 0.869, ACC = 0.835) showed higher predictive performance than other models. Random forest analysis showed that the three most important climatic variables contributing to snail spread in Shanghai included aridity (11.87%), ≥ 0 °C annual accumulated temperature (10.19%), moisture index (10.18%) and average annual precipitation (9.86%), the two most important vegetation variables included the vegetation index of the first quarter (8.30%) and vegetation index of the second quarter (7.69%). Snails were more likely to spread at aridity of < 0.87, ≥ 0 °C annual accumulated temperature of 5 550 to 5 675 °C, moisture index of > 39% and average annual precipitation of > 1 180 mm, and with the vegetation index of the first quarter of > 0.4 and the vegetation index of the first quarter of > 0.6. According to the water resource developments and township administrative maps, the areas at risk of snail spread were mainly predicted in 10 townships/subdistricts, covering the Xipian, Dongpian and Tainan sections of southern Shanghai. CONCLUSIONS Supervised machine learning models are effective to predict the risk of fine-scale O. hupensis snail spread and identify the environmental determinants relating to snail spread. The areas at risk of O. hupensis snail spread are mainly located in southwestern Songjiang District, northwestern Jinshan District and southeastern Qingpu District of Shanghai Municipality.
Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; China/epidemiology* ; Ecosystem ; Gastropoda ; Supervised Machine Learning

Hookworm infections are widely prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas, especially in low income regions. In the body, hookworms parasitize the proximal small intestine, leading to chronic intestinal hemorrhage and iron deficiency anemia. Occasionally, hookworms can cause overt gastrointestinal bleeding, but this is often ignored in heavily burdened individuals from endemic infectious areas. A total of 424 patients with overt obscure gastrointestinal bleeding were diagnosed by numerous blood tests or stool examinations as well as esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, capsule endoscopy or double-balloon enteroscopy. All of the patients lived in hookworm endemic areas and were not screened for hookworm infection using sensitive tests before the final diagnosis. The patients recovered after albendazole treatment, blood transfusion, and iron replacement, and none of the patients experienced recurrent bleeding in the follow-up. All the 31 patients were diagnosed with hookworm infections without other concomitant bleeding lesions, a rate of 7.3% (31/424). Seventeen out of 227 patients were diagnosed with hookworm infections in the capsule endoscopy (CE), and 14 out of 197 patients were diagnosed with hookworm infections in the double balloon enteroscopy (DBE). Hookworm infections can cause overt gastrointestinal bleeding and should be screened in patients with overt obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) in endemic infectious areas with sensitive methods. Specifically, the examination of stool specimens is clinically warranted for most patients, and the proper examination for stool eggs relies on staff's communication.
Albendazole ; Ancylostoma ; Ancylostomatoidea* ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Blood Transfusion ; Capsule Endoscopy ; Colonoscopy ; Diagnosis ; Double-Balloon Enteroscopy ; Eggs ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematologic Tests ; Hemorrhage* ; Hookworm Infections* ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; Iron ; Necator americanus ; Ovum

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male disease. Some related studies show that the prevalence of ED is nearly 52% in men aged 40 to 70 years and is increasing among younger males. Hypoxia is now considered to be an independent risk factor for ED and the mechanisms of hypoxia inducing ED are varied and complicated. Recently, an idea in penile rehabilitation has attracted much attention, which aims at improving erectile function by increasing oxygen supply to the cavernosum and reducing tissue fibrosis and apoptosis. The approaches to achieve non-sexual penile erection by increasing oxygen supply to the cavernosum, such as behavior therapy, medication, vacuum constriction device, and intracavernous injection, can simulate normal sexual erection and help patients with penile rehabilitation. This review focuses on the strategies for non-sexual penile erection in penile rehabilitation.
Adult ; Aged ; Erectile Dysfunction ; epidemiology ; etiology ; rehabilitation ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; complications ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxygen ; administration & dosage ; Penile Erection ; Penis ; blood supply ; Risk Factors