ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of the Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue prescription （YYHP） in the treatment of cathartic colon （CC） and its effects on fecal short-chain fatty acids （SCFAs）， and to explore the correlations among CC severity indicators and between these indicators and patient history. MethodsAccording to the inclusion and exclusion criteria， 98 patients meeting the diagnostic criteria of both traditional Chinese and Western medicine for CC with the syndrome of Qi-Yin deficiency complicated by blood stasis were randomly assigned to an observation group and a control group. The observation group received YYHP granules， while the control group received lactulose. Both medications were administered twice daily， one sachet each time， half an hour after breakfast and dinner， with a treatment course of 8 weeks. The primary constipation symptom score， Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life （PAC-QOL） score， and TCM syndrome score were assessed before and after treatment and at the 8^th week after the end of treatment. The overall clinical effective rate， as well as the efficacy attenuation index and degree， were evaluated. Fecal SCFA levels were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to explore the correlations among CC severity indicators and between these indicators and patient history. ResultsThe overall clinical effective rate in the observation group （95.83%） was higher than that in the control group （78.72%） （P<0.05）. After treatment， the total scores for primary constipation symptoms， PAC-QOL， and TCM syndromes decreased in both groups （P<0.05）， with more significant reductions in the observation group （P<0.05）. The severity of all primary constipation symptoms was alleviated in both groups （P<0.05）. In terms of "excessive straining and difficult defecation"， "anal heaviness， incomplete evacuation， and bloating sensation"， "abdominal distension"， and "defecation frequency"， the observation group showed better efficacy than the control group （P<0.05）. Scores of the four PAC-QOL dimensions and the scores and severity of primary and secondary TCM symptoms were reduced in both groups （P<0.05）， with more significant reductions in the observation group （P<0.05）. After treatment， acetic acid， propionic acid， butyric acid， and total SCFAs in the observation group increased significantly （P<0.05）. The efficacy attenuation index and degree in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. No severe adverse reactions occurred in either group， and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups. Positive correlations of varying degrees were observed among the total scores of primary constipation symptoms， PAC-QOL， and TCM syndromes， as well as between these scores and the history of stimulant laxative use， disease duration， and age. ConclusionYYHP can effectively alleviate the primary constipation symptoms in CC patients， improve quality of life， and ameliorate TCM syndromes， with good safety. It also has the advantage of a lower rebound degree after drug withdrawal， and its mechanism may be related to increasing fecal SCFA levels. Long-term abuse of stimulant laxatives may aggravate the severity of CC and prolong the disease course.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell （hUC-MSC） as a cell-based therapeutic strategy have demonstrated significant application potential in the field of intervention for neurodegenerative disease （NDD） due to their advantages such as self-renewal， multi-directional differentiation， and low immunogenicity. hUC-MSC effectively intervenes in the pathological features and neurological functions of various disease models such as Alzheimer disease， Parkinson’s disease， amyotrophic lateral sclerosis， and multiple sclerosis primarily through multiple mechanisms such as homing and differentiation， mediating paracrine actions and releasing exosomes， as well as immune regulation and anti-inflammation. Some clinical studies have also preliminarily verified their safety and effectiveness. Currently， its research still faces challenges such as immune rejection reactions requiring further observation， long-term safety needing evaluation， mechanisms of action not being fully elucidated， and slow progress in clinical trials. Future research needs to establish pharmaceutical standards for hUC-MSC， deepen their pharmacological mechanisms and clinical trials， ultimately providing new and effective drug treatment options for patients with NDD.

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of evolocumab and probucol in patients with ultra-high-risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease （ASCVD） following percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 156 ultra-high-risk ASCVD patients who underwent PCI in our institution between January 1， 2023 and December 31， 2024. According to the lipid-lowering regimen， the patients were categorized into evolocumab group （ n ＝86） and probucol group （ n ＝70）. Changes in lipid parameters [total cholesterol （TC）， low-density lipoprot ein cholesterol （LDL-C）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， triglycerides， lipoprotein （a）， and lipid goal achievement rate ] ， inflammatory markers [interleukin-6 （IL-6） and C-reactive protein （CRP） ] ， and cardiac function indices （left ventricular ejection fraction， left ventricular end-systolic diameter， left ventricular end-diastolic diameter， and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide） were compared between two groups at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. The incidence of adverse clinical events during treatment， including acute myocardial infarction， in-stent restenosis， acute heart failure， cerebral hemorrhage， and stroke， was also evaluated. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups at baseline （ P ＞0.05）. After 6 months of treatment， both groups demonstrated significant improvements in lipid profiles （except HDL-C） and inflammatory markers compared to those at baseline （ P ＜0.05）. The evolocumab group exhibited greater reductions in TC， LDL-C， IL-6， and CRP， along with a higher lipid target achievement rate， compared with the probucol group （ P ＜0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences in the cardiac function-related indicators before and after treatment between the two groups， nor in the incidence of adverse events during the treatment （ P ＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS For ultra-high-risk ASCVD patients after PCI， both of the above treatment options are associated with improvements in blood lipid and inflammatory response， with good safety during short-term follow-up. Evolocumab shows superior efficacy in TC， LDL-C and inflammatory markers reduction and lipid target achievement， compared to probucol.

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of neoeriocitrin (Neo) on ligature-induced experimental periodontitis in mice and evaluate its biosafety, providing experimental evidence for novel candidate drugs in periodontitis treatment. Methods: This study has been approved by the Animal Welfare and Ethical Safety Committee. A periodontitis model was established in C57BL/6J mice using silk ligation. The mice were divided into control, periodontitis model, and three Neo treatment groups (5, 10, 20 mg/kg Neo). After 2 weeks of intervention, alveolar bone resorption was analyzed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT); periodontal tissue pathological changes were observed via hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining; osteoclasts were counted using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining; serum inflammatory factor levels [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10)] were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; gut microbiota changes were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing; and biosafety was assessed through HE staining of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and colon, as well as zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) immunohistochemical staining of the colon. Results: Compared with the periodontitis model group, the 10 mg/kg Neo treatment group showed significantly alleviated alveolar bone resorption, manifested as reduced cementoenamel junction to alveolar bone crest distance, increased bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, and trabecular thickness. Additionally, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, improved collagen fiber arrangement, and a significantly decreased number of osteoclasts were observed in periodontal tissues. Serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 were also reduced. Furthermore, 10 mg/kg Neo intervention modulated the gut microbiota structure without causing significant multi-organ toxicity or impairing intestinal barrier function. Conclusion Neo can effectively mitigate the progression of experimental periodontitis by inhibiting alveolar bone resorption, reducing periodontal tissue inflammation, modulating systemic immunity, and improving gut microbiota. With good biosafety, Neo is a promising candidate drug for the treatment of periodontitis.

Based on the concept of "blood exhaustion" from The Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor （《黄帝内经》）， a three-stage syndrome differentiation and treatment strategy for cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome is proposeed. In the cancer-induced anorexia stage， the pathogenesis is characterized by cancer consuming the spleen and stomach， leading to stagnation of transportation and transformation in the middle jiao （焦）. Treatment should focus on strengthening the spleen， promoting appetite， dispersing accumulation， and aiding digestion， with modified Zisheng Pills （资生丸） in Extensive Notes on Medicine from Xian Xing Studio （《先醒斋医学广笔记》） or Zisheng Decoction （资生汤） in Records of Chinese Medicine with Reference to Western Medicine （《医学衷中参西录》）. In the pre-cachectic stage of malnutrition， the pathogenesis involves insufficient nourishment of blood and qi with essence depletion hindering production. Treatment should focus on nourishing blood and harmonizing ying （营）， warming yang and supplementing qi， and modified Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction （黄芪建中汤） can be used. In the cachectic stage， the pathogenesis involves blood deficiency and essence exhaustion， with blood stasis obstructing the collaterals. The therapeutic approach should focus on tonifying deficiency and replenishing essence， unblocking collaterals， and removing stasis， and modified Buzhong Yiqi Decoction （补中益气汤） and Zuo Gui Beverage （左归饮） are suggested.

Objective:To explore the application value of part-cut jejunal transection in digestive tract reconstruction of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy.Methods:The propensity score matching and retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 112 patients with gastric cancer who underwent totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2018 to September 2022 were collected. There were 81 males and 31 females, aged (70±8)years. Among the 112 patients, 60 patients undergoing diges-tive tract reconstruction by Roux-en-Y anastomosis with part-cut jejunum were set as the part-cut group, and 52 patients undergoing digestive tract reconstruction by traditional Roux-en-Y anasto-mosis were set as the traditional group. Observation indicators: (1) propensity score matching status and comparison of clinical data of patients between the two groups after matching; (2) intraopera-tive and postoperative conditions; (3) follow-up. Comparison of measurement data with normal dis-tribution between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Comparison of count data between groups was conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Com-parison of ordinal data was conducted using the nonparametic rank sum test. Propensity score matching was performed using the 1∶1 nearest neighbor matching method, with the caliper value of 0.02. Results:(1) Propensity score matching status and comparison of clinical data of patients between the two groups after matching. Of the 112 patients, 90 patients were successfully matched, with 45 cases in each of the part-cut group and the traditional group. After propensity score matching, the elimination of body mass index, clinical TNM staging confounding bias ensured comparability. (2) Intraoperative and postoperative conditions. After propensity score matching, the total operation time and digestive tract reconstruction time of patients in the part-cut group were (217.0±15.1)minutes and (34.7±1.8)minutes, versus (252.6±21.9)minutes and (52.6±7.4)minutes in the traditional group, respectively, showing significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( t=?8.97, ?15.66, P<0.05). (3) Follow-up. After propensity score matching, 90 patients were followed up postoperatively for (47±15)months. During the follow-up, no patient in either group received secondary surgery, and there was no death. There were 3 cases and 10 cases of Roux stasis syndrome in the part-cut group and the traditional group, respectively, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=4.41, P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with traditional Roux-en-Y anastomosis, the Roux-en-Y anastomosis with part-cut jejunum in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy can signifi-cantly shorten the time for digestive tract reconstruction and reduce the incidence of postoperative Roux stasis syndrome.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of macrophage depletion by clodronate liposomes(CL)in a carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis mouse model,and to analyze the transcriptomic features.Methods Thirty-two C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into plain control liposomes for clophosome(PL)and clodronate liposome(CL)groups(n=16 mice per group),and administered intraperitoneal injections of PL and CL,respectively.On day 5,each group was further divided into normal(N)and model(M)subgroups(n=8 mice per subgroup).Mice in group M received 10％CCl4 intraperitoneally to induce liver fibrosis,while mice in group N received an equal volume of olive oil.After 4 weeks,serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)levels were measured,and hepatic inflammation and collagen deposition were evaluated by hematoxylin/eosin and Sirius red staining,respectively.Total RNA was extracted from liver tissues for transcriptomic sequencing and subsequent differential gene expression analysis.Results Serum ALT and AST levels were significantly elevated in the PL-M group(P＜0.01),with fibrosis staging primarily at S3,compared with S1 in the CL-M group.Totals of 1462 and 2119 differentially expressed genes(|log fold change|＞2 and P＜0.05)were identified in the PL and CL groups,respectively.Gene Ontology analysis revealed enrichment in multiple biological processes,cellular components,and molecular functions in both models,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis identified 29 significantly enriched pathways(P＜0.05).The upregulation of genes including Lgals7 and Timp1 and the downregulation of Mup-ps16 and Mup15 were validated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction,consistent with transcriptomic trends(P＜0.05).Conclusions This study highlights the characteristics and transcriptomic features of macrophage depletion in the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model,providing a theoretical reference for research on the immune mechanisms of liver fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 101 elderly AML patients admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University from January 2022 to December 2024.All patients were treated with azacitidine+venetoclax regimen.The clinical characteristics of patients and the risk factors related to prognosis were explored.Results The median follow-up was 14 months.Among the 101 patients,74 achieved complete remission or complete remission with incomplete hematological recovery.The median overall survival(OS)of patients with aged ≥70 years,white blood cell count＞50 × 109/L,TP53 mutation,complex chromosomes,and high-risk European leukemia net(ELN)risk stratification was significantly shortened(P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that age(HR=0.125,95％CI:0.023-0.662,P=0.015),white blood cell count(HR=0.145,95％CI:0.032-0.662,P=0.013),and ELN risk stratification(HR=100.397,95％CI:14.395-700.207,P＜0.001)were all independent influencing factors for OS in elderly AML patients.Conclusion Age,white blood cell count and ELN risk stratification are all independent influencing factors affecting OS in elderly AML patients.

AIM To establish LC-MS and GC-MS method and analyze the chemical constituents of Dendrobium huoshanense C.Z.Tang & S.J.Cheng flowers.METHODS LC-MS was performed on a Zorbax Eclipse C18 column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of water(containing 0.1％formic acid)-acetonitrile flowing at 0.3 mL/min,and electrospray ionization was operated in both positive and negative ion modes.The GC-MS employed headspace solid-phase microextraction for sample preparation,and the analysis was performed on an HP-5MS column(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm),with the following temperature program:initial temperature 50 ℃(held for 2 min),increased at 5 ℃/min to 180 ℃(held for 5 min),then raised at 10 ℃/min to 250 ℃(held for 5 min),and electron impact ion source was employed.RESULTS A total of 62 compounds were identified by LC-MS,including 35 flavonoids,4 coumarins,6 alkaloids,6 terpenoids,3 amino acids,2 polyphenols,2 ketones and 4 others.A total of 101 volatile components were identified by GC-MS,including ketones,aldehydes,alcohols,esters,ethers,and acid.CONCLUSION This method can comprehensively analyze the chemical constituents of D.huoshanense flowers,and provide a scientific basis for elucidating its pharmacodynamic material basis.

Objective:To observe the relationship between serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3),insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)and cardiac function and short-term prognosis in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)complicated with heart failure(HF).Methods:102 patients with DCM complicated with HF were selected as study group and they were divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group based on prognosis,and 100 patients with simple DCM during the same period were selected as the control group.The cardiac function indicators[left ventricular end systolic volume(LVESV),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end diastolic volume(LVEDV)]and serum IGFBP-3 and IGF-1 levels between the control group and the study group were compared.The correlation between cardiac function and IGFBP-3,IGF-1 was analyzed by pearson analysis.The serum IGFBP-3 and IGF-1 leveles between good prognosis group and poor prognosis group were compared,the correlation between prognosis and IGFBP-3,IGF-1 was analyzed by spearman.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to analyze the predictive value of serum levels of IGFBP-3 and IGF-1 alone and in combination for the short-term prognosis of DCM complicated with HF patients.Results:Compared with control group,study group had higher LVEDV,LVESV,IGFBP-3,IGF-1,and lower LVEF(P＜0.05).Pearson analysis results showed that,IGFBP-3 and IGF-1 were positively correlated with LVEDV and LVESV,while which was negatively correlated with LVEF(P＜0.05).Compared with good prognosis group,poor prognosis group had higher IGFBP-3,IGF-1(P＜0.05).Spearman correlation analysis results showed that,the levels of IGFBP-3 and IGF-1 were positively correlated with the poor prognosis of DCM complicated with HF patients(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of serum IGFBP-3,IGF-1 levels,and their combined use for short-term prognosis of DCM complicated with HF patients were 0.715,0.749,and 0.831,respectively.Conclusion:Serum IGFBP-3 and IGF-1 levels are elevated in patients with DCM complicated with HF,and the changes in these two indicators are associated with poor cardiac function and prognosis in patients.The combined detection of IGFBP-3 and IGF-1 levels has a high predictive value for the short-term prognosis of DCM combined with HF.