1.A novel anti-ischemic stroke candidate drug AAPB with dual effects of neuroprotection and cerebral blood flow improvement.
Jianbing WU ; Duorui JI ; Weijie JIAO ; Jian JIA ; Jiayi ZHU ; Taijun HANG ; Xijing CHEN ; Yang DING ; Yuwen XU ; Xinglong CHANG ; Liang LI ; Qiu LIU ; Yumei CAO ; Yan ZHONG ; Xia SUN ; Qingming GUO ; Tuanjie WANG ; Zhenzhong WANG ; Ya LING ; Wei XIAO ; Zhangjian HUANG ; Yihua ZHANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2025;15(2):1070-1083
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a globally life-threatening disease. Presently, few therapeutic medicines are available for treating IS, and rt-PA is the only drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the US. In fact, many agents showing excellent neuroprotection but no blood flow-improving activity in animals have not achieved ideal clinical efficacy, while thrombolytic drugs only improving blood flow without neuroprotection have limited their wider application. To address these challenges and meet the huge unmet clinical need, we have designed and identified a novel compound AAPB with dual effects of neuroprotection and cerebral blood flow improvement. AAPB significantly reduced cerebral infarction and neural function deficit in tMCAO rats, pMCAO rats, and IS rhesus monkeys, as well as displayed exceptional safety profiles and excellent pharmacokinetic properties in rats and dogs. AAPB has now entered phase I of clinical trials fighting IS in China.
2.Evaluation of the preventive and therapeutic effects and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation at different frequencies on radiation-induced brain injury
Tongzhou QIN ; Liyuan LIU ; Ling GUO ; Guiqiang ZHOU ; Yan ZHOU ; Xia MIAO ; Guirong DING
Chinese Journal of Radiological Health 2025;34(5):702-712
Objective Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) is a common complication of radiotherapy for the head and neck tumors, and the current treatment methods are limited. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), as a non-invasive neural regulation technique, has shown great potential in neuroprotection. However, the parameter selection and biological safety of rTMS in the prevention and treatment of RIBI have not been reported. Methods Using a mouse model of RIBI, this study employed three rTMS frequencies (5, 10, and 25 Hz) for intervention. Biochemical and pathological assays were conducted to identify the optimal stimulation parameter. Subsequently, this parameter was used to evaluate the biological safety in normal mice. Results Under the conditions of this experiment, rTMS interventions with all three frequencies could reduce the levels of serum brain injury markers (NSE and S100B) and inflammatory factors in mice (P < 0.001), and alleviate the morphological and structural damage of hippocampal tissue. The 10 Hz rTMS could significantly promote hippocampal neurogenesis in RIBI mice (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 10 Hz rTMS showed no significant effects on the cognitive function and mood of normal mice. The intervention did not significantly change the morphology and structure of the main organs, blood biochemical indicators, and the level of hippocampal neurogenesis in mice. Conclusion The 10 Hz rTMS is optimal for the prevention and treatment of RIBI with high biological safety.
3.Consensus on informed consent for orthodontic treatment
Yang CAO ; Bing FANG ; Zuolin JIN ; Hong HE ; Yuxing BAI ; Lin WANG ; Haiping LU ; Zhihe ZHAO ; Tianmin XU ; Weiran LI ; Min HU ; Jinlin SONG ; Jun WANG ; Fang JIN ; Ding BAI ; Xianglong HAN ; Yuehua LIU ; Bin YAN ; Jie GUO ; Jiejun SHI ; Yongming LI ; Zhihua LI ; Xiuping WU ; Jiangtian HU ; Linyu XU ; Lin LIU ; Yi LIU ; Yanqin LU ; Wensheng MA ; Shuixue MO ; Liling REN ; Shuxia CUI ; Yongjie FAN ; Jianguang XU ; Lulu XU ; Zhijun ZHENG ; Peijun WANG ; Rui ZOU ; Chufeng LIU ; Lunguo XIA ; Li HU ; Weicai WANG ; Liping WU ; Xiaoxing KOU ; Jiali TAN ; Yuanbo LIU ; Bowen MENG ; Yuantao HAO ; Lili CHEN
Chinese Journal of Stomatology 2025;60(12):1327-1336
This consensus was developed by the Orthodontic Society of the Chinese Stomatological Association to provide a systematic, scientific, and practical guideline for informed consent in orthodontic care. Orthodontic treatment is typically lengthy, highly individualized, and involves multiple factors such as growth and development, occlusal function, and facial esthetics. Rapid technological advances and diverse risk profiles make the traditional reliance on orthodontist experience or institutional templates insufficient to ensure patients′ full understanding and autonomous decision-making. To address this, the expert panel conducted extensive reviews of domestic and international guidelines, analyzed representative dispute cases, and performed multicenter patient-clinician surveys. Using a multi-round Delphi method, the group established a standardized informed consent framework covering the initial consultation, treatment, and retention phases. The consensus emphasizes that informed consent is not only a fundamental legal and ethical requirement but also a key step in building trust, improving patient compliance, and enhancing treatment satisfaction. Orthodontists should clearly and comprehensively explain treatment plans, potential risks, uncertainties, and associated costs, while respecting the autonomy of patients or guardians, and maintain continuous communication and dynamic evaluation throughout the treatment process. The release of this consensus provides unified and authoritative guidance for clinical orthodontics, helping to standardize informed consent, enhance its transparency, safeguard patient rights, reduce medical risks, and promote high-quality, sustainable development of orthodontic practice.
4.Multifaceted mechanisms of Danggui Shaoyao San in ameliorating Alzheimer's disease based on transcriptomics and metabolomics.
Min-Hao YAN ; Han CAI ; Hai-Xia DING ; Shi-Jie SU ; Xu-Nuo LI ; Zi-Qiao XU ; Wei-Cheng FENG ; Qi-Qing WU ; Jia-Xin CHEN ; Hong WANG ; Qi WANG
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2025;50(8):2229-2236
This study explored the potential therapeutic targets and mechanisms of Danggui Shaoyao San(DSS) in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD) through transcriptomics and metabolomics, combined with animal experiments. Fifty male C57BL/6J mice, aged seven weeks, were randomly divided into the following five groups: control, model, positive drug, low-dose DSS, and high-dose DSS groups. After the intervention, the Morris water maze was used to assess learning and memory abilities of mice, and Nissl staining and hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining were performed to observe pathological changes in the hippocampal tissue. Transcriptomics and metabolomics were employed to sequence brain tissue and identify differential metabolites, analyzing key genes and metabolites related to disease progression. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) was employed to validate the expression of key genes. The Morris water maze results indicated that DSS significantly improved learning and cognitive function in scopolamine(SCOP)-induced model mice, with the high-dose DSS group showing the best results. Pathological staining showed that DSS effectively reduced hippocampal neuronal damage, increased Nissl body numbers, and reduced nuclear pyknosis and neuronal loss. Transcriptomics identified seven key genes, including neurexin 1(Nrxn1) and sodium voltage-gated channel α subunit 1(Scn1a), and metabolomics revealed 113 differential metabolites, all of which were closely associated with synaptic function, oxidative stress, and metabolic regulation. RT-qPCR experiments confirmed that the expression of these seven key genes was consistent with the transcriptomics results. This study suggests that DSS significantly improves learning and memory in SCOP model mice and alleviates hippocampal neuronal pathological damage. The mechanisms likely involve the modulation of synaptic function, reduction of oxidative stress, and metabolic balance, with these seven key genes serving as important targets for DSS in the treatment of AD.
Animals
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Alzheimer Disease/genetics*
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Male
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage*
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Metabolomics
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Transcriptome/drug effects*
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Maze Learning/drug effects*
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Hippocampus/metabolism*
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Humans
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Disease Models, Animal
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Memory/drug effects*
5.National bloodstream infection bacterial resistance surveillance report 2023: Gram-positive bacteria
Chaoqun YING ; Jinru JI ; Zhiying LIU ; Qing YANG ; Haishen KONG ; Jiangqin SONG ; Hui DING ; Yanyan LI ; Yuanyuan DAI ; Haifeng MAO ; Pengpeng TIAN ; Lu WANG ; Yongyun LIU ; Yizheng ZHOU ; Jiliang WANG ; Yan JIN ; Donghong HUANG ; Hongyun XU ; Peng ZHANG ; Xinhua QIANG ; Hong HE ; Lin ZHENG ; Junmin CAO ; Zhou LIU ; Ying HUANG ; Yan GENG ; Haiquan KANG ; Dan LIU ; Guolin LIAO ; Lixia ZHANG ; Fenghong CHEN ; Yanhong LI ; Baohua ZHANG ; Haixin DONG ; Xiaoyan LI ; Donghua LIU ; Qiuying ZHANG ; Xuefei HU ; Liang GUO ; Sijin MAN ; Dijing SONG ; Rong XU ; Youdong YIN ; Kunpeng LIANG ; Aiyun LI ; Zhuo LI ; Hongxia HU ; Guoping LU ; Jinhua LIANG ; Qiang LIU ; Yinqiao DONG ; Jilu SHEN ; Shuyan HU ; Liang LUAN ; Jian LI ; Ling MENG ; Dengyan QIAO ; Xiusan XIA ; Bo QUAN ; Dahong WANG ; Chunhua HAN ; Xiaoping YAN ; Fei LI ; Shifu WANG ; Ping SHEN ; Yunbo CHEN ; Yonghong XIAO
Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2025;18(2):118-132
Objective:To report the nationwide surveillance results of pathogenic profiles and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Gram-positive bloodstream infections in China in 2023.Methods:The clinical isolates of Gram-posttive bacteria from blood cultures were collected in member hospitals of National Bloodstream Infection Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System(BRICS)during January to December 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the dilution method recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI). Statistical analyses were conducted using WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 25.0 software.Results:A total of 4 385 Gram-positive bacterial isolates were obtained from 60 participating center. The top five pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus( n=1 544,35.2%),coagulase-negative Staphylococci( n=1 441,32.9%), Enterococcus faecium( n=574,13.1%), Enterococcus faecalis( n=385,8.8%),and α-hemolytic Streptococci( n=187,4.3%). The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci(MRCNS)was 26.2%(405/1 544)and 69.8%(1 006/1 441),respectively. Notably,all Staphylococci remained susceptible to glycopeptide or daptomycin. Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated excellent susceptibility(>97.0%)to cephalobiol,rifampicin,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,linezolid,minocycline,tigecycline,and eravacycline. No Enterococcus exhibiting resistance to linezolid were detected. Glycopeptide resistance was uncommon but more frequent in Enterococcus faecium(resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin:both 1.7%)compared to Enterococcus faecalis(both 0.3%). The detection rates of MRSA and MRCNS exhibited significant regional variations across the country( χ2=17.674 and 148.650,respectively,both P<0.001). No vancomycin-resistant Enterococci were detected in central China. Institutional comparison demonstrated higher prevalence of MRSA( χ2=14.111, P<0.001)and MRCNS( χ2=4.828, P=0.028)in provincial hospitals than that in municipal hospitals. Socioeconomic analysis identified elevated detection rates of both MRSA( χ2=18.986, P<0.001)and MRCNS( χ2=4.477, P=0.034)in less developed regions(per capita GDP
6.National bloodstream infection bacterial resistance surveillance report (2023) : Gram-negative bacteria
Jinru JI ; Zhiying LIU ; Chaoqun YING ; Qing YANG ; Haishen KONG ; Jiangqin SONG ; Hui DING ; Yanyan LI ; Yuanyuan DAI ; Haifeng MAO ; Pengpeng TIAN ; Lu WANG ; Yongyun LIU ; Yizheng ZHOU ; Jiliang WANG ; Yan JIN ; Donghong HUANG ; Hongyun XU ; Peng ZHANG ; Xinhua QIANG ; Hong HE ; Lin ZHENG ; Junmin CAO ; Zhou LIU ; Ying HUANG ; Yan GENG ; Haiquan KANG ; Dan LIU ; Guolin LIAO ; Lixia ZHANG ; Fenghong CHEN ; Yanhong LI ; Baohua ZHANG ; Haixin DONG ; Xiaoyan LI ; Donghua LIU ; Qiuying ZHANG ; Xuefei HU ; Liang GUO ; Sijin MAN ; Dijing SONG ; Rong XU ; Youdong YIN ; Kunpeng LIANG ; Aiyun LI ; Zhuo LI ; Hongxia HU ; Guoping LU ; Jinhua LIANG ; Qiang LIU ; Yinqiao DONG ; Jilu SHEN ; Shuyan HU ; Liang LUAN ; Jian LI ; Ling MENG ; Dengyan QIAO ; Xiusan XIA ; Bo QUAN ; Dahong WANG ; Chunhua HAN ; Xiaoping YAN ; Fei LI ; Shifu WANG ; Ping SHEN ; Yunbo CHEN ; Yonghong XIAO
Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2025;18(1):47-62
Objective:To report the results of bacterial resistant investigation collaborative system(BRICS)on the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical Gram-negative bacteria isolates from bloodstream infections in China in 2023,and provide reference for clinical tretment of bloodstream infections and prevention and control of bacterial resistance.Methods:The clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria from blood cultures in member hospitals of BRICS were collected during January 2023 to December 2023. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted by agar dilution or broth dilution methods recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI). WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 25.0 were used to analyze the data.Results:During the study period,11 492 strains of Gram-negative bacteria were collected from 60 hospitals,of which 10 098(87.9%)were Enterobacterales and 1 394(12.1%)were non-fermentative bacteria. The top 5 bacterial species were Escherichia coli(50.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae(26.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(5.1%), Acinetobacter baumannii complex(5.0%)and Enterobacter cloacae complex(4.1%). The ESBL-producing rates in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirablilis were 46.8%(2 685/5 741),18.3%(549/2 999)and 44.0%(77/175),respectively. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli(CREC)and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP)were 1.3%(76/5 741)and 15.0%(450/2 999);32.9%(25/76)and 78.0%(351/450)of CREC and CRKP were sensitive to ceftazidime/avibactam combination,respectively. 94.7%(72/76)and 90.2%(406/450)of CREC and CRKP were sensitive to aztreonam/avibactam combination. Furthermore,57.9%(44/76)and 79.1%(356/450)were sensitive to imipenem/relebactam combination. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB)complex was 64.6%(370/573),while more than 80.0% of CRAB complex was sensitive to tigecycline,eravacycline and polymyxin B. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa(CRPA)was 17.0%(99/581). There were differences in the composition ratio of Gram-negative bacteria in bloodstream infections and the prevalence of important Gram-negative bacteria resistance among different regions in China,with statistically significant differences in the prevalence of CREC,CRKP,CRPA and CRAB complex( χ2=10.6,28.6,10.8 and 19.3, P<0.05). The prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, CREC,CRAB complex and CRKP were higher in provincial hospitals than those in municipal hospitals( χ2=12.5,9.8,12.7 and 57.8,all P<0.01). Conclusions:Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens causing bloodstream infections in China,and Escherichia coli is ranked in the top,while the trend of Klebsiella pneumoniae increases continuously with time. CRKP infection shows a slow upward trend,CREC infecton maintains a low prevalence level,and CRAB complex infection continues to exhibit a high prevalence rate. The composition and resistance patterns of pathogens causing bloodstream infections vary to some extent across different regions and levels of hospitals in China.
8.Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix:6 cases report and literature review
Ting JIANG ; Ying-xin GONG ; Miao MA ; Yan XU ; Jia-min ZHOU ; Jing-xin DING ; Xiao-xia LIU
Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences 2025;52(1):139-142
Adenoid cystic carcinoma(ACC)of the cervix is a rare and highly aggressive subtype of cervical cancer,accounting for less than 1%of all cervical cancer cases.ACC predominantly affects postmenopausal women over the age of 60,with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding being the most common symptom.Diagnosis of ACC primarily relies on histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis.Although there is currently no standard treatment protocol,surgical resection combined with radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy is considered to be an effective approach.However,the effectiveness is limited,particularly in advanced cases,which generally have a poor prognosis.The treatment and prognosis of ACC are closely related to tumor staging,perineural invasion,and margin status.This paper discusses the clinical data and follow-up of six ACC patients treated at our institution,and goes through a literature review,examines its clinical features and treatment outcomes,underscores the critical importance of early diagnosis and individualized treatment.
9.Safety and Efficacy of Same-day Discharge Following Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation for Arrhythmia:a Pilot Study
Yu XIA ; Qin XU ; Guanzhi CHEN ; Nianqin ZHANG ; Zhicheng HU ; Lingmin WU ; Lihui ZHENG ; Ligang DING ; Yan YAO
Chinese Circulation Journal 2025;40(7):646-652
Objectives:To preliminarily investigate the safety and efficacy of same-day discharge(SDD)following radiofrequency catheter ablation for arrhythmia.Methods:A total of 50 consecutive patients who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation for arrhythmia in the SDD strategy at Fuwai Hospital from 8 July 2024 to 18 September 2024 were included in this analysis.The study evaluated the immediate success rate of the ablation,the rate of all-cause and arrhythmia-related readmission,outpatient or emergency visits and incidence of complications within 30 days post ablation,and recurrence rate of arrhythmias over a 3-month follow-up period.Results:The average age of the 50 patients was(47.2±16.1)years old,32 patients(64.0%)were male.Radiofrequency catheter ablation was performed in 47 patients(94.0%),including 18(36.0%)atrial fibrillation(AF)ablation.Three patients(6.0%)underwent electrophysiological study only.The immediate success rate for ablation patients was 100%(47/47).None of the patients developed vascular puncture-related or ablation-related complications.The average hospital stay and postoperative observation time were(6.84±1.13)hours and(3.40±1.12)hours,respectively.The all-cause and arrhythmia-related readmission,outpatient or emergency visits rates within 30 days were 12.0%(6/50)and 2.0%(1/50),respectively.Two patients(4.0%)post ablation experienced AF recurrence during the 3-months follow-up period.Conclusions:Radiofrequency catheter ablation for arrhythmias in SDD strategy is safe,effective,and feasible.
10.Time series analysis of key genes and identification of signaling pathways in skeletal muscle inflammation after high-load exercise
Yan ZHANG ; Longyu LIANG ; Yu XIA ; Yan QIAN ; Haili DING
Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine 2025;44(1):29-43
Objective To examine the time window effect of high-load exerciseon skeletal muscle in-flammation genes,and identify the key genes and signaling pathways involved in this process.Methods Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a control group(group C,n=8)and an ex-ercise group(group E,n=40).Gastrocnemius muscles were collected immediately(group E0),12h(group E12),24h(group E24),48h(group E48),and 72 h(group E72)after exercise for transcrip-tome sequencing.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified,and enrichment analysis was carried out using the Gene Ontology(GO)and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)annotations.Meanwhile,inflammation-related genes were obtained from databases,and differ-entially expressed inflammation-related genes(DEIRGs)were done through identifying their intersec-tion with DEGs.Moreover,the Mfuzz algorithm was used for time series clustering to obtain subsets with similar characteristics.GO and KEGG analyses,along with protein interaction network analysis,were performed to obtain key DEIRGs,followed by secondary functional enrichment to analyze changes in expression of key genes over time and identify key signaling pathways.Results Seven DEIRG clus-ters were obtained through Mfuzz time series clustering of skeletal muscle inflammation genes after high-load exercise.Overall,the expression of DEGs in cluster 5 was downregulated,while that in cluster 7 was upregulated.The expression of DEGs in clusters 3 and 4 was upregulated at E0 and rap-idly downregulated at E12.In contrast,the expression of DEGs in cluster 2 and 6 were downregulated at E0 and rapidly upregulated at E12.The expression of DEGs in cluster 1 was upregulated at E0,rapidly downregulated at E12,and remained upregulated at E24.Screening identified TP53,STAT3,CD44,AKT1,KDR,GJA1,CYCS,HIF1A,IQGAP3,FASN,and TFRC as key DEIRGswhich were enriched in apoptosis,HIF-1,apoptosis,ferroptosis,MAPK,VEGF,PI3K-Akt,insulin resistance,FoxO,AMPK and the JAK-STAT signaling pathway.Conclusion Inflammation-related genes exhibit temporal dynamic changes in exercise-induced muscle damage and show significant time window effects at 12 h after exercise.The key targets STAT3,AKT1 and HIF-1A react to exercise-induced muscle damage through the JAK-STAT,PI3K-Akt,HIF-1 and VEGF signaling pathways,and promote tissue repair.

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