Obesity, as a chronic recurrent disease, has become a major public health challenge in China. To implement the requirements of the Healthy China Initiative (2019—2030), under domestic guidelines or consensus statements on overweight and obesity, and in alignment with the latest scientific advances globally, the Quality control protocol for adult overweight and obesity screening in health management (examination) institutions (2025 edition) was developed. This protocol was drafted by the Health Management Center of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and formulated through multiple rounds of deliberation by experts in China’s health examination quality control field. The protocol establishes unified standards for screening facilities, personnel qualifications, and measurement or testing procedures. It defines specific screening items, outlines a standardized screening pathway, and sets requirements for the final medical review, ensuring the scientific validity, effectiveness, and safety of the screening process. The implementation of this protocol will enhance the consistency of weight management practices for adults across health examination institutions and strengthen the quality control of overweight and obesity screening programs.

Objective Based on the national drug sampling inspection program,this study aims to comprehensively and systematically evaluate the quality of Xuanmai Ganjie preparations,analyze existing quality issues,and provide references and suggestions for quality control of this variety.Methods A total of 237 batches of Xuanmai Ganjie preparations were tested using legal standards,and methods were established for detecting adulteration of Ophiopogon japonicus with counterfeit varieties,paclobutrazol residue levels,and determining the content of platycodin D in Xuanmai Ganjie preparations.These methods were applied to the quality control and evaluation of Xuanmai Ganjie preparations.Results Through statutory inspection,one batch of Xuanmai Ganjie granules was found non-compliant.Specific batches were identified to contain the following irregularities:adulteration of Ophiopogon japonicus with counterfeit varieties,paclobutrazol residue levels exceeding proposed limits,and platycodin D content below the established threshold.Conclusion The overall quality of Xuanmai Ganjie granules was average,while the overall quality of Xuanmai Ganjie capsules and lozenges was relatively good.Manufacturing enterprises should strengthen their sense of primary responsibility and enhance control over the entire drug production process.

Objective Based on the national drug sampling inspection program,this study aims to comprehensively and systematically evaluate the quality of Xuanmai Ganjie preparations,analyze existing quality issues,and provide references and suggestions for quality control of this variety.Methods A total of 237 batches of Xuanmai Ganjie preparations were tested using legal standards,and methods were established for detecting adulteration of Ophiopogon japonicus with counterfeit varieties,paclobutrazol residue levels,and determining the content of platycodin D in Xuanmai Ganjie preparations.These methods were applied to the quality control and evaluation of Xuanmai Ganjie preparations.Results Through statutory inspection,one batch of Xuanmai Ganjie granules was found non-compliant.Specific batches were identified to contain the following irregularities:adulteration of Ophiopogon japonicus with counterfeit varieties,paclobutrazol residue levels exceeding proposed limits,and platycodin D content below the established threshold.Conclusion The overall quality of Xuanmai Ganjie granules was average,while the overall quality of Xuanmai Ganjie capsules and lozenges was relatively good.Manufacturing enterprises should strengthen their sense of primary responsibility and enhance control over the entire drug production process.

Coronary restenosis is an important cause of poor long-term prognosis in patients with coronary heart disease. Here, we show that lysine methyltransferase SMYD2 expression in the nucleus is significantly elevated in serum- and PDGF-BB-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and in tissues of carotid artery injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. Smyd2 overexpression in VSMCs (Smyd2-vTg) facilitates, but treatment with its specific inhibitor LLY-507 or SMYD2 knockdown significantly inhibits VSMC phenotypic switching and carotid artery injury-induced neointima formation in mice. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that SMYD2 knockdown represses the expression of serum response factor (SRF) target genes and that SRF overexpression largely reverses the inhibitory effect of SMYD2 knockdown on VSMC proliferation. HDAC3 directly interacts with and deacetylates SRF, which enhances SRF transcriptional activity in VSMCs. Moreover, SMYD2 promotes HDAC3 expression via tri-methylation of H3K36 at its promoter. RGFP966, a specific inhibitor of HDAC3, not only counteracts the pro-proliferation effect of SMYD2 overexpression on VSMCs, but also inhibits carotid artery injury-induced neointima formation in mice. HDAC3 partially abolishes the inhibitory effect of SMYD2 knockdown on VSMC proliferation in a deacetylase activity-dependent manner. Our results reveal that the SMYD2-HDAC3-SRF axis constitutes a novel and critical epigenetic mechanism that regulates VSMC phenotypic switching and neointimal hyperplasia.

Objective:To investigate the radiologic, pathologic, and molecular features of simple bone cysts (SBC), and their differential diagnoses.Methods:Fourteen cases of SBC were collected at the Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2017 to 2022, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed for retrospective analysis.Results:There were 14 patients, including 7 females and 7 males, with age range of 7 to 45 (median 29) years. The most common complaint was pain, including 4 cases with pathological fracture and 5 with history of previous trauma. The tumor size ranged from 3.4 to 13.5 (median 5.6) cm. The lesion involved the femur ( n=4), humerus ( n=5) and iliac bone ( n=5). Radiologic diagnoses included SBC, aneurysmal bone cyst, and giant cell tumor of the bone or its combination with aneurysmal bone cyst-like region and fibrous dysplasia. Histologically, the cyst walls of the lesions were composed of fibrous tissue, fibrin-like collagen deposits, bone-like matrix and occasional woven bone. The lesional cells were spindled to ovoid, with scattered osteoclast-like giant cells, foamy histiocytes, hemosiderin deposits and cholesterol clefts. In 6 cases there were nodular fasciitis-like areas. Immunohistochemically, the spindled to ovoid cells were positive for SMA, EMA and SATB2 in varying degrees. FISH detection was performed in all 14 cases and EWSR1/FUS rearrangement were found in 9 cases. One case of FUS::NFATC2 fusion was detected by next-generation sequencing. Nine cases of SBC with the rearrangement were more cellular, and there were more mitotic figures in the recurrent FUS::NFATC2 fusion tumor. Clinical follow-up was obtained in all 14 cases with the time ranging from 5 to 105 (mean 46) months. Amongst them, the tumor with FUS::NFATC2 rearrangement had local recurrence twice after the first local excision, but had no more recurrence or metastasis 34 months after the subsequent segmental resection. The other 13 cases had no recurrence. Conclusions:EWSR1 or FUS rearrangement is most commonly identified in SBC, suggesting that SBC might be a neoplastic disease. In cases where the radiologic appearance and histomorphology are difficult to differentiate from aneurysmal bone cyst, FISH detection can aid in the definitive diagnosis.

Quercetin can mediate the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathways to prevent osteoporosis(OP).This paper comprehensively discusses the interrelationship between MAPK and osteoporosis-related cells based on the latest domestic and international research.Additionally,it elucidates the research progress of quercetin in mediating the MAPK signaling pathway for OP prevention.The aim is to provide an effective foundation for the clinical prevention and treatment of OP and the in-depth development of quercetin.

The extracellular domain (p75ECD) of p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) antagonizes Aβ neurotoxicity and promotes Aβ clearance in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The impaired shedding of p75ECD is a key pathological process in AD, but its regulatory mechanism is largely unknown. This study was designed to investigate the presence and alterations of naturally-occurring autoantibodies against p75ECD (p75ECD-NAbs) in AD patients and their effects on AD pathology. We found that the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) level of p75ECD-NAbs was increased in AD, and negatively associated with the CSF levels of p75ECD. Transgenic AD mice actively immunized with p75ECD showed a lower level of p75ECD and more severe AD pathology in the brain, as well as worse cognitive functions than the control groups, which were immunized with Re-p75ECD (the reverse sequence of p75ECD) and phosphate-buffered saline, respectively. These findings demonstrate the impact of p75ECD-NAbs on p75NTR/p75ECD imbalance, providing a novel insight into the role of autoimmunity and p75NTR in AD.
Mice ; Animals ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology* ; Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Autoantibodies ; Mice, Transgenic

This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Chaiyin Granules compared with Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules in the treatment of influenza(exogenous wind-heat syndrome). Based on a randomized, double-blind, positive drug parallel control clinical trial, this study evaluated the pharmacoeconomics of Chaiyin Granules with cost-effectiveness analysis method. A total of 116 patients with influenza from eight hospitals(grade Ⅱ level A above) in 6 cities were selected in this study, including 78 cases in the experimental group with Chaiyin Granules and Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules placebo, and 38 cases in the control group with Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules and Chaiyin Granules placebo. The total cost of this study included direct medical cost, direct non-medical cost, and indirect cost. The remission time of clinical symptoms, cure time/cure rate, antipyretic onset time/complete antipyretic time, viral nucleic acid negative rate, and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome curative effect were selected as the effect indicators for cost-effectiveness analysis. Four-quadrant diagram was used to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. The results showed that Chaiyin Granules were not inferior to Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules in the remission time of clinical symptoms of influenza(3.1 d vs 2.9 d, P=0.360, non-inferiority margin was 0.5 d). Compared with Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules, Chaiyin Granules would delay the remission time of clinic symptoms of influenza for 1 d, but could save 213.9 yuan. 1 d delay in cure time could save 149.3 yuan; 1% reduction in the cure rate could save 8.2 yuan; 1 d delay in antipyretic onset time could save 295.4 yuan; 1 d delay in complete antipyretic time could save 114.3 yuan; 1% reduction in the 5-day cure rate of TCM syndrome could save 19.2 yuan. Different from other indicators, there was no statistically significant difference between two groups in the effect of negative conversion rate of viral nucleic acid, but the cost was lower and the effect was superior, and the pharmacoeconomics was not different from that of Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules in the field of influenza treatment.
Humans ; Antipyretics/therapeutic use* ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use* ; Cost-Effectiveness Analysis ; Influenza, Human/drug therapy* ; Nucleic Acids/therapeutic use* ; Oseltamivir/therapeutic use* ; Phosphates/therapeutic use* ; Treatment Outcome ; Double-Blind Method

Objective To investigate the factors affecting the dose distribution to the tumor target volume(GTV)and normal tissues in cerebral arteriovenous malformation(AVM)treated with CyberKnife,and to analyze the effect of collimators of different diameters on the dose distribution of cerebral AVM,so as to provide references for cerebral AVM CyberKnife treatment plans.Methods Totally 12 cerebral AVM patients receiving CyberKnife treatment after embolization in some hospital between 2015 and 2020 were selected.Collimators were determined according to 30％,40％,50％,30％+40％+50％of the GTV cross-sectional long diameters,and four different treatment plans were developed for each patient and then enrolled into Group A,Group B,Group C,and Group D,respectively.The effects of the shape and volume of GTV and the size of collimator on the dose distribution in the target area were analyzed,and the dose fall-off outside the target area was investigated.SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The effects of width,height,volume and regularity of GTV on the conformity index(CI),new conformity index(nCI),geometric conformity index(gCI)and number of beams were statistically significant(P＜0.05).When compared with group A,B and D,group C had the minimum dose,median absorbed dose,target area coverage,target gradient index and prescription dose line of GTV increased while the CI,nCI,gCI of GTV and the number of monitor units,treatment nodes and beams decreased significantly(P＜0.05).In group C median absorbed dose of normal tissue more than 20 mm apart from the target area decreased,while median absorbed dose of normal tissue not longer than 15 mm apart from the target area increased.Conclusion During CyberKnife treatment of cerebral AVMs,collimator selection based on 50％of the GTV cross-sectional long diameter can achieve an optimal dose distribution while improving the efficiency of the execution of the CyberKnife treatment plan.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(11):56-60]