This study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of Dabie bandavirus(DBV)infection in suspected cases of se-vere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)and tick specimens in Cangzhou City from 2023 to 2024,and providing scientific basis for the prevention,control and pathogen surveillance of SFTS in this area.Pathogen detection and virus isolation were performed on suspected SFTS cases and tick specimens collected in Cangzhou City from 2023 to 2024.The next-generation sequencing technol-ogy was used to conduct whole-genome sequencing of DBV.A phylogenetic tree was constructed using software such as MEGA,DNA Star,and homology comparison and amino acid variation site analysis were carried out.Among the 70 suspected SFTS cases,the DBV positive detection rate was 60%(42/70).The positive cases were mainly farmers aged 50-79,concentrated in Yanshan County and Haixing County.402 ticks were pooled into 31 sample tubes,among which 2 tubes tested positive for DBV nucleic acid,with a mini-mum infection rate of 0.50%.A total of 9 human-derived and 2 tick-derived DBV strains were isolated.The whole-genome sequencing results showed that all strains clustered within the F branch,with sequences homology exceeding 99%.There were a total of 10 amino acid variation sites in the RdRP,GP and NSs sequences.Therefore,the distribution of SFTS cases in Cangzhou City exhibited regional clustering.The overall level of DBV infection in ticks in this region was relatively low.It is recommended to further improve the disease early warning mechanism and continue to conduct pathogen surveillance.

Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease,and there is currently a lack of safe and effective vac-cines against the monkeypox virus.Therefore,screening and developing vaccine candidates is of signifi-cant practical importance.With the rapid advancement of molecular biology and plant genetic engineer-ing,plant bioreactors offer promising potential for producing vaccine proteins due to their advantages,in-cluding safety,cost-effectiveness,and scalability.In this study,we focused on the monkeypox protein B6R.The recombinant expression plasmid pFolia40108-B6R-Fer was successfully constructed using am-plification,enzyme digestion,and flexible linker tandem ferritin technology.A complete transient expres-sion system in Nicotiana benthamiana and a purification system for the recombinant monkeypox protein were established.The optimal expression time was determined to be 12-14 days,with a final purified pro-tein concentration of approximately 1 mg/mL and a yield of 0.85 mg/kg fresh weight.The purified B6R-Fer recombinant protein self-assembled into spherical virus-like particles(VLPs)with an average particle size of 24 nm.The B6R-Fer recombinant protein from this study shows promising potential for use in the development and screening of plant-derived monkeypox vaccine candidates.

Numerous studies have shown that depression is main-ly associated with the abnormal expression of connexin 43(Cx43)in astrocytes(Astro)and its mediated dysfunction of gap junction(GJ).However,the molecular mechanism of post-translational modifications targeting Cx43 to regulate neuroin-flammation-associated depression is still unclear.Post-transla-tional modifications of Cx43 mainly include phosphorylation of specific amino acid sites by PKC,PKA,PKG,MAPK and PTK,and protein degradation of Cx43 through the K48/K63 polyubiq-uitylation and deubiquitination pathways,which ultimately lead to protein degradation through K48/K63 polyubiquitination and deubiquitination.These modifications are ultimately involved in the regulation of neuroinflammatory responses through the associ-ation of GJ function.In this paper,we systematically review the role of Cx43 post-translational modifications in neuroinflamma-tion,with the aim of further exploring the potential application of targeting these modifications to modulate the inflammatory re-sponse mechanism in improving depressive symptoms.

Objective To evaluate the transition rules of normal body mass index(BMI),overweight and metabolic syndrome(MetS)in patients with major depressive disorder(MDD).Methods Patients with MDD who had multiple admission records between Jan 2016 and Nov 2021 in Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University were included.Based on the overweight and metabolic syndrome status assessed at each admission,the patients were categorized into three states:normal BMI,overweight and metabolic syndrome.A multi-state Markov model was used to analyze the transition intensity and transition frequency between three states and the influence of covariates on transitions.Results A total of 892 records of 398 subjects were included,with a median age of 56 years old and 31.4% males.The median follow-up period was 40 months.The multi-state model showed that there were 494 transitions between the three states,of which 5.1% moved from normal BMI to overweight and 5.5% moved from overweight to MetS.The intensity of transition was the highest from overweight to MetS,9.52 times greater than overweight to normal BMI.After 48.53 months,MDD patients with normal BMI began to transition to MetS.For overweight MDD patients,the transition to MetS started after 8.77 months.MDD patients with normal BMI or overweight had 31.4% and 50.4% probabilities of developing Mets after 36 months.For MDD patients comorbid with MetS,the probability of staying at MetS was 51.2% after 36 months.Multivariate analysis showed that being unmarried was a risk factor against developing overweight in normal BMI MDD patients,while a higher level of education was a protective factor against developing MetS in overweight MDD patients.Conclusion MDD patients exhibited a higher intensity and risk of developing MetS,and it is not easy to reverse MetS,suggesting that BMI management and MetS intervention should be strengthened in MDD patients.

The Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli Nissle 1917(EcN)is a probiotic that has been widely applied in clinical practice.With its notable tolerance,safety,and antimicrobial proper-ties,EcN demonstrates the capacity to colonize the intestine and establish a symbiotic relationship with the host,thereby balancing the intestinal microbiota.Extensive studies have elucidated the mechanisms through which EcN regulates the host's innate immune response enhancing the host's ability to combat pathogenic invasions.On one hand,EcN strengthens the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier by upregulating the expression of tight junction proteins.On the other hand,EcN's diverse array of secreted,and released components,including lipopolysaccharides,K5 capsule,fla-gellum proteins,and fimbria,play roles in modulating the host's innate immune response.These components interact with host cell receptors and modulate the activities of immune cells and cyto-kines production.By consolidating the current understanding of EcN's probiotic properties,this ar-ticle provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate mechanisms underlying EcN-mediated reg-ulation of the host's innate immune response.Such insights offer theoretical support for leveraging EcN's advantages and improving immune function and overall health maintenance in the host.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum uric acid(SUA)levels and incident chronic kidney disease(CKD)in middle-aged and elderly Chinese population and gender differences.Methods Based on the longitudinal survey data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2015,the CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration cystatin C formula was used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate(eGFR),and 4 119 participants with normal renal function(eGFR≥60 mL·min-1·1.72 m-2)at baseline were included.Incident CKD was defined as eGFR<60 mL·min-1·1.72 m-2 at the follow-up in 2015.Logistic regression analysis was used to analysis the association of SUA levels at baseline and incident CKD among different genders.Restricted cubic spline analysis was used to analyze the dose-response relationship.Results After 4-year follow-up,127 participants developed incident CKD,including 57 males and 70 females.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated SUA levels were independently associated with the risk of incident CKD(OR=1.532,P<0.001).For each 1 mg/dL increase in SUA,the risk of incident CKD increased by 33.6%in males(OR=1.336,P=0.012)and 77.5%in females(OR=1.755,P<0.001).Restricted cubic spline analysis showed a linear positive correlation between SUA levels and incident CKD in both males and females.Participants were divided into four groups according to SUA quartiles(Q1-Q4).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated a significant increase in the risk of incident CKD in Q3 group(3.75 mg/dL4.43 mg/dL)compared with Q1 group in females(Q3 group:OR=2.571,P=0.045;Q4 group:OR=3.666,P=0.005).Conclusion SUA is an independent risk factor for incident CKD in the middle-aged and elderly population.In females,serum uric acid levels exceeding 3.75 mg/dL are associated with an increased risk of incident CKD.

Central nervous system(CNS)degenerative disorders refer to a spectrum of pathological alterations triggered by struc-tural damage to cerebral neural tissues,clinically manifested as diverse neurological dysfunction syndromes,including multiple sclerosis(MS),neurodegenerative diseases(NDs),and ische-mic stroke.The hallmark pathological features of these disorders involve irreversible neuronal damage and decompensation of functional neural networks,ultimately leading to progressive neurological deficits.Notably,with the accelerating global popu-lation aging,the incidence of these diseases has surged signifi-cantly.According to WHO statistics,they now rank among the top three global causes of disability and mortality.Current re-search has confirmed that the pathogenesis of CNS degenerative disorders exhibits high heterogeneity,encompassing multifaceted pathophysiological processes such as genetic predisposition,oxi-dative stress,protein misfolding,and metabolic dysregulation.This intricate pathogenic network not only complicates clinical differential diagnosis but also poses substantial challenges to the development of precision therapeutic strategies.Importantly,re-cent studies have revealed that mitochondrial homeostasis disrup-tion-induced inflammatory cascades(termed mitochondrial in-flammation)play a pivotal regulatory role in neurodegenerative progression.Key molecular mechanisms include impaired mito-phagy,aberrant mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)release and NL-RP3 inflammasome activation.This review systematically deci-phers the molecular regulatory network of mitochondrial inflam-mation,with a focus on its biological effects in critical pathologi-cal events such as blood-brain barrier disruption,microglial hy-peractivation and neuronal apoptosis.The overarching aim is to provide a theoretical foundation for developing innovative thera-peutic strategies targeting mitochondrial homeostasis restoration.

Objective To explore the potential categories of health risk behaviors among students aged 11 to 18 years in Minhang District,Shanghai in order to identify the influencing factors of health risk behaviors among different categories of students.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling techniques,a random selection of 1 690 middle school students from Minhang District,Shanghai,were chosen as the study sample.Data was collected using the"Shanghai Adolescent Health-Related Behavior Survey Questionnaire"to assess participants'scores on six categories of health risk behaviors.Latent profile analysis(LPA)was employed to cluster students'health risk behaviors,and a multifactorial Logistic regression model was used to analyze the related influencing factors.Results The health risk behaviors of students aged 11 to 18 in Minhang District,Shanghai,were categorized into 3 groups:Class 1,comprising 915 students(54.14%),with moderate to low scores in health risk behaviors,named"the group with moderately low levels of various health risk behaviors";Class 2,comprising 539 students(31.89%),with higher scores in psychological addiction,named"the group with psychological addiction as the prominent health risk behavior";Class 3,comprising 236 students(13.97%),with higher scores in substance addiction,named"the group with substance addiction as the prominent health risk behavior".The results of the univariate analysis for the three potential categories of student health risk behaviors show that there are statistically significant differences in the 3 potential categories of health risk behaviors among students of different schools,ages,ethnicities,and boarding situations(P<0.05).The analysis results of the multivariate Logistic regression indicate that compared to junior high school students,both senior high school students and vocational high school students have a higher risk of exhibiting unhealthy behaviors characterized by psychological addiction and substance addiction,with all differences being statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The latent profile analysis reveals three distinct categories of health risk behaviors among students aged 11 to 18 years in Minhang District,Shanghai,with significant distribution differences among students from diverse backgrounds.Consequently,it is recommended that tailored health education and intervention measures be implemented for students with different school characteristics and at various educational stages.

Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease,and there is currently a lack of safe and effective vac-cines against the monkeypox virus.Therefore,screening and developing vaccine candidates is of signifi-cant practical importance.With the rapid advancement of molecular biology and plant genetic engineer-ing,plant bioreactors offer promising potential for producing vaccine proteins due to their advantages,in-cluding safety,cost-effectiveness,and scalability.In this study,we focused on the monkeypox protein B6R.The recombinant expression plasmid pFolia40108-B6R-Fer was successfully constructed using am-plification,enzyme digestion,and flexible linker tandem ferritin technology.A complete transient expres-sion system in Nicotiana benthamiana and a purification system for the recombinant monkeypox protein were established.The optimal expression time was determined to be 12-14 days,with a final purified pro-tein concentration of approximately 1 mg/mL and a yield of 0.85 mg/kg fresh weight.The purified B6R-Fer recombinant protein self-assembled into spherical virus-like particles(VLPs)with an average particle size of 24 nm.The B6R-Fer recombinant protein from this study shows promising potential for use in the development and screening of plant-derived monkeypox vaccine candidates.

Numerous studies have shown that depression is main-ly associated with the abnormal expression of connexin 43(Cx43)in astrocytes(Astro)and its mediated dysfunction of gap junction(GJ).However,the molecular mechanism of post-translational modifications targeting Cx43 to regulate neuroin-flammation-associated depression is still unclear.Post-transla-tional modifications of Cx43 mainly include phosphorylation of specific amino acid sites by PKC,PKA,PKG,MAPK and PTK,and protein degradation of Cx43 through the K48/K63 polyubiq-uitylation and deubiquitination pathways,which ultimately lead to protein degradation through K48/K63 polyubiquitination and deubiquitination.These modifications are ultimately involved in the regulation of neuroinflammatory responses through the associ-ation of GJ function.In this paper,we systematically review the role of Cx43 post-translational modifications in neuroinflamma-tion,with the aim of further exploring the potential application of targeting these modifications to modulate the inflammatory re-sponse mechanism in improving depressive symptoms.