Aim To investigate the effect of ACSL4 on the malignant biological behavior of esophageal cancer cells and gefitinib resistance by regulating FASN,and to explore the related mechanism.Methods Thirty-five fresh esophageal cancer tissues and adjacent nor-mal tissues,and 30 esophageal cancer tissues with ge-fitinib resistance were collected.The expressions of ACSL4 and FASN were detected by qRT-PCR and im-munohistochemistry.The expression levels of ACSL4 and FASN in human normal esophageal cells HET-1 A,esophageal cancer cell lines ECA109,EC9706,TE-1 and TE-1/GR were detected by qRT-PCR.Cells in each group were constructed by liposome transfection technique,and the drug resistance and proliferation a-bility of cells were detected by cloning and CCK-8 as-say,cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell,and EMT pathway protein expression was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with adjacent normal tis-sues,the expression of ACSL4 and FASN genes in cancer tissues increased,and there was a positive corre-lation.The expression of ACSL4 significantly increased in ECA109,EC9706 and TE-1 cells compared with HET-1 A cells.With the increase of gefitinib concen-tration,the expression of ACSL4 in TE-1 cells gradually increased,and the expression of ACSL4 in TE-1/GR cells was higher than that of TE-1.Compared with the control group and the si-NC group,the cell proliferation and invasion ability of si-ACSL4 group decreased,the number of apoptosis increased,the expression of E-Cadherin increased,and the expression of N-Cadherin,Vimentin and β-catenin decreased.The response ex-periment showed that compared with the si-ACSL4 group and the si-ACSL4+oe-NC group,the cells in the si-ACSL4+oe-FASN group increased drug resistance,increased proliferation and invasion ability,decreased apoptosis number and decreased expression of E-Cad-herin.The expressions of N-Cadherin,Vimentin and β-catenin increased.Conclusions By down-regulating the expression of FASN,ACSL4 reverses the resistance of esophageal cancer TE-1/GR cells to gefitinib and in-hibits the proliferation,invasion and accelerates apopto-sis of TE-1/GR cells,which may be related to the regu-lation of EMT signaling pathway.

Aim To investigate the effect of ACSL4 on the malignant biological behavior of esophageal cancer cells and gefitinib resistance by regulating FASN,and to explore the related mechanism.Methods Thirty-five fresh esophageal cancer tissues and adjacent nor-mal tissues,and 30 esophageal cancer tissues with ge-fitinib resistance were collected.The expressions of ACSL4 and FASN were detected by qRT-PCR and im-munohistochemistry.The expression levels of ACSL4 and FASN in human normal esophageal cells HET-1 A,esophageal cancer cell lines ECA109,EC9706,TE-1 and TE-1/GR were detected by qRT-PCR.Cells in each group were constructed by liposome transfection technique,and the drug resistance and proliferation a-bility of cells were detected by cloning and CCK-8 as-say,cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell,and EMT pathway protein expression was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with adjacent normal tis-sues,the expression of ACSL4 and FASN genes in cancer tissues increased,and there was a positive corre-lation.The expression of ACSL4 significantly increased in ECA109,EC9706 and TE-1 cells compared with HET-1 A cells.With the increase of gefitinib concen-tration,the expression of ACSL4 in TE-1 cells gradually increased,and the expression of ACSL4 in TE-1/GR cells was higher than that of TE-1.Compared with the control group and the si-NC group,the cell proliferation and invasion ability of si-ACSL4 group decreased,the number of apoptosis increased,the expression of E-Cadherin increased,and the expression of N-Cadherin,Vimentin and β-catenin decreased.The response ex-periment showed that compared with the si-ACSL4 group and the si-ACSL4+oe-NC group,the cells in the si-ACSL4+oe-FASN group increased drug resistance,increased proliferation and invasion ability,decreased apoptosis number and decreased expression of E-Cad-herin.The expressions of N-Cadherin,Vimentin and β-catenin increased.Conclusions By down-regulating the expression of FASN,ACSL4 reverses the resistance of esophageal cancer TE-1/GR cells to gefitinib and in-hibits the proliferation,invasion and accelerates apopto-sis of TE-1/GR cells,which may be related to the regu-lation of EMT signaling pathway.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of drug resistance in patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis,and provide references for the clinical development of individualized treatment plans.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 71 hospitalized patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis treated at the Beijing Chest Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2015 to January 2024.The susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from these patients to 16 anti-tuberculosis drugs was detected using the microplate method for mycobacterial drug susceptibility testing.The study analyzed the culture results of Mycobacterium tuberculosis,drug susceptibility test results,initial treatment or re-treatment status,drug resistance,and differences in drug resistance types between initial and re-treated patients.Results Among the 71 patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis,there were 51 males(71.8%),and 58 cases(81.7%)of acute disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis,with an overall drug resistance rate to 16 anti-tuberculosis drugs of 38.0%.There was no statistically significant difference in the total drug resistance rate between re-treated patients and those undergoing initial treatment[52.2%(12/23)vs.31.3%(15/48),P=0.089].The top 7 drugs to which patients were resistant were streptomycin(Sm)and isoniazid(INH)with 13 cases each(18.3%),rifapentine(Rft)and isoniazid aminosalicylate(Pa)with 10 cases each(14.1%),rifampicin(RFP),rifabutin(Rfb),and capreomycin(Cm)with 9 cases each(12.7%).The top 6 drugs to which initially treated patients were resistant were Cm with 6 cases(12.5%),Sm with 5 cases(10.4%),Pa with 4 cases(8.3%),INH,clarithromycin(Clr),and p-aminosalicylic acid(PAS)with 3 cases each(6.3%).The top 7 drugs to which re-treated patients were resistant were INH with 10 cases(43.5%),Sm,RFP,and Rft with 8 cases each(34.8%),Rfb with 7 cases(30.4%),Pa and levofloxacin(Lfx)with 6 cases each(26.1%).The overall mono-resistance rate,poly-drug resistance rate,and multidrug-resistant rate to 16 anti-tuberculosis drugs were 9.9%,7.0%,and 11.3%,respectively;all mono-resistance patients were initially treated;there was no statistically significant difference in the poly-drug resistance rate between re-treated and initially treated patients(13.0%vs.4.2%,P=0.591),but the multidrug-resistant rate was significantly higher in re-treated patients(30.4%vs.2.1%,P=0.002).Conclusion Drug resistance in disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis is severe.Clinical physicians can develop personalized anti-tuberculosis treatment plans based on drug susceptibility test results.

Through collecting the relevant records of "brain" in ancient traditional Chinese medicine literature, the potential structure and function of the "motor system of brain-meridian-muscle region" and "perception system of brain-meridian-cutaneous region" of the human body are analyzed preliminarily. In view of the characteristics of the symptoms of stroke sequela, focusing on the differentiation of disease location and associated with the identification of disease property, the pathogenesis of stroke is determined, "malnutrition of the sea of marrow, dysfunction of meridian muscle region and disharmony of the nutrient and the defensive in the meridian cutaneous region", while, the basic principle of treatment is formulated, "filling up the marrow, replenishing the brain, regulating meridian muscle regions, tonifying qi and facilitating blood circulation in meridians and collaterals". Based on the above, the acupoints selected in treatment and the techniques of acupuncture and moxibustion are clarified. This article presents the references for the clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion and provides the individual therapeutic regimen for stroke patients.
Humans ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Stroke/therapy* ; Meridians ; Acupuncture Points ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of adalimumab(ADA)with dose-reduced glucocorticoid for the treatment of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease(VKH).METHODS: A total of 21 patients(37 eyes)with VKH who received ADA therapy in the Department of Ophthalmology of our hospital from August 2020 to December 2021 were included. The interval of ADA administration was progressively extended after intraocular inflammation controlled and lasted for 3mo, and it returned to the initial treatment interval once the inflammation recurred. After follow-up for 12mo, anterior chamber cell(ACC)grade, vitreous haze(VH)grade, retinal/choroidal lesions, serous retinal detachment(SRD), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), central macular thickness(CMT)and doses of glucocorticoid and immunosuppressant were compared before and after the first ADA injection. Treatment failure events and adverse reactions were recorded.RESULTS: Compared with baseline, the proportion of eyes with ACC grade ≤1+ and VH grade ≤1+ increased(P<0.05), the proportion of eyes with retinal/choroidal lesions decreased significantly(P<0.01), BCVA and CMT were significantly improved(P<0.01), and the average dose of glucocorticoid reduced significantly(P<0.01)at 2wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after treatment. At the final follow-up, 82% of patients received glucocorticoid ≤5 mg, and all patients stopped using immunosuppressant. There were 13 treatment failure events during the follow-up period, and 12 patients(57%)extended the ADA treatment interval, with no serious adverse events related to ADA treatment observed.CONCLUSION: ADA is effective and safe for the treatment of VKH, reducing the need for glucocorticoid and immunosuppressant. In addition, extending the interval of ADA treatment is effective, which has a lower recurrence rate.

AIM:To analyze the correlation between optical coherence tomography(OCT)parameters and central retinal vein occlusion of macular edema secondary(CRVO-ME), and compare the clinical efficacy of ranibizumab combined with laser photocoagulation and ranibizumab alone in the treatment of CRVO-ME.METHODS:There were 43 case with 43 eyes of patients in CRVO-ME diagnosed in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2020 included in the present study and divided into two groups, namely A and B. Patients in group A were treated with ranibizumab combined with laser photocoagulation, while patients in group B were treated with ranibizumab alone. The structure of outer retina and “SAVE” scores were observed and estimated using OCT and fluorescein angiography(FFA)examination before and after the treatment at 1, 3, 6, 12mo, and then analyzed their correlation with best corrected visual acuity(BCVA, LogMAR). The BCVA, central macular thickness(CMT), intraocular pressure and average number of drug injections were also compared between the two groups before and after treatment.RESULTS:At 12mo after treatment, the BCVA in the OCT baseline external limiting membrane(ELM)intact group and baseline ellipsoid zone(EZ)intact group before and after treatment were significantly improved than those of the fracture group(0.47±0.16 vs 0.21±0.15, P=0.013; 0.44±0.20 vs 0.25±0.17, P=0.008). There was no statistically significant difference in BCVA changes between baseline RPE fracture group and RPE intact group(P>0.05). The number of patients with “S” and “A” at 1 score decreased significantly at 12mo after treatment in both groups, the BCVA of patients with “V” and “E” at 0 score before treatment was significantly improved than those patients at 1 score(all P<0.05). The BCVA and CMT of patients after treatment in groups A and B were both significant improved compared with before treatment(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the BCVA and CMT in the number of drug injections between the two groups(P>0.05). In addition, there were no severe complications such as secondary glaucoma and endophthalmitis in both groups.CONCLUSION: Baseline status of ELM and EZ, presence or absence of vitreoretinal abnormalities(V), and focal leakage(E)could suggest the treatment efficacy of CRVO-ME. Ranibizumab in the treatment of CRVO-ME demonstrates prominent efficacy and great safety, and there was no better effect was observed when combined with laser photocoagulation.

Through literature research and standard retrieval, Corydalis-derived medicinal materials, the origins, and related standards were summarized. Finally, 27 medicinal materials were screened out, involving 71 species(varieties). Among them, only 11 are recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020), National Standard for Chinese Patent Drugs·Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Medicine Standards, and other local standards, including Corydalis Bungeanae Herba and Corydalis Herba. The names and original plants of the medicinal materials are different in different standards, and the phenomena of "same medicinal material with different names" and "same name for different medicinal materials" are prominent. Most standards only include the traits, microscopic identification, and physico-chemical property identification, with unsound quality criteria. Thus, efforts should be made to strengthen the sorting of Corydalis medicinal plants, herbal textual research, and investigation of the resources and utilization. Moreover, via modern techniques, the chemical components and medicinal material basis of different original plants should be explored and sound quality standards should be established to improve the safety and quality of Corydalis-derived medicinal materials. Summarizing Corydalis medicinal plants, Corydalis-derived medicinal materials, and related standards, this study is expected to provide a reference for the standard formulation, quality evaluation, expansion of drug sources, and rational development and utilization of Corydalis resources.
Corydalis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal/chemistry* ; Reference Standards

R2 R3-MYB transcription factors are ubiquitous in plants, playing a role in the regulation of plant growth, development, and secondary metabolism. In this paper, the R2 R3-MYB transcription factors were identified by bioinformatics analysis of the genomic data of Erigeron breviscapus, and their gene sequences, structures, physical and chemical properties were analyzed. The functions of R2 R3-MYB transcription factors were predicted by cluster analysis. Meanwhile, the expression patterns of R2 R3-MYB transcription factors in response to hormone treatments were analyzed. A total of 108 R2 R3-MYB transcription factors, named EbMYB1-EbMYB108, were identified from the genome of E. breviscapus. Most of the R2 R3-MYB genes carried 2-4 exons. The phylogenetic tree of MYBs in E. breviscapus and Arabidopsis thaliala was constructed, which classified 234 MYBs into 30 subfamilies. The MYBs in the five MYB subfamilies of A.thaliala were clustered into independent clades, and those in E. breviscapus were clustered into four clades. The transcriptome data showed that MYB genes were differentially expressed in different tissues of E. breviscapus and in response to the treatments with exogenous hormones such as ABA, SA, and GA for different time. The transcription of 13 R2 R3-MYB genes did not change significantly, and the expression patterns of some genes were up-regulated or down-regulated with the extension of hormone treatment time. This study provides a theoretical basis for revealing the mechanisms of R2 R3-MYB transcription factors in regulating the growth and development, stress(hormone) response, and active ingredient accumulation in E. breviscapus.
Erigeron/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, myb ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/metabolism* ; Transcription Factors/metabolism*

Objective: The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and glycemic indices, including plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postload glucose (2h-PG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), remains inconclusive. We aimed to explore the associations between glycemic indices and SUA levels in the general Chinese population. Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional analysis using the first follow-up survey data from The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study. A total of 105,922 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 40 years underwent the oral glucose tolerance test and uric acid assessment. The nonlinear relationships between glycemic indices and SUA levels were explored using generalized additive models. Results: A total of 30,941 men and 62,361 women were eligible for the current analysis. Generalized additive models verified the inverted U-shaped association between glycemic indices and SUA levels, but with different inflection points in men and women. The thresholds for FPG, 2h-PG, and HbA1c for men and women were 6.5/8.0 mmol/L, 11.0/14.0 mmol/L, and 6.1/6.5, respectively (SUA levels increased with increasing glycemic indices before the inflection points and then eventually decreased with further increases in the glycemic indices). Conclusion An inverted U-shaped association was observed between major glycemic indices and uric acid levels in both sexes, while the inflection points were reached earlier in men than in women.
Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Glucose/analysis* ; China/epidemiology* ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/blood* ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis* ; Glycemic Index ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Uric Acid/blood*

Codonopsis Radix， one of the bulk commodities， has been commonly used for tonification in clinical practice. Apart from the medicinal purpose， it can also be utilized as food. Among the multiple local varieties， the ones called "Luduiduoji" in Tibetan medicine cannot be neglected， which have frequently been adopted for diminishing inflammation and swelling， invigorating spleen and stomach， and tonifying Qi， etc. Considering its complex origins and frequent substitution by or confusion with other medicinal materials， this paper reviewed the Si Bu Yi Dian， Jingzhu Bencao， ministerial and local standards， modern literature on Tibetan medicine， and the results of field investigation in major Tibetan medicine hospitals and medicinal material markets of Sichuan， Qinghai and Tibet to figure out the name， original plants， medicinal parts， effects， and local varieties of Codonopsis Radix in Tibetan medicine. The results showed that the names of local varieties were diverse， many of which were transliterated into Tibetan， with "Luduiduoji" being most well-known. It was derived from 14 species in genus Codonopsis and one in Adenophora of family Campanulaceae， with Codonopsis foetens subsp. nervosa， C. thalictrifolia var. mollis， C. canescens， C. alpina， and C. pilosula being the main species. According to literature records， the roots， aerial parts， and whole plants could all be employed as medicine， but there were certain differences in their clinical applications. At present， in order to protect the medicinal resources， Tibetan medical workers mostly collect the aerial parts， which are applicable to patients with yellow water， rheumatism， Gamba disease， and leprosy. This literature review of local varieties for Codonopsis Radix and textual research on their original plants are of great significance for elevating the standard， accelerating the pharmacodynamic research， expanding the sources and promoting the rational use of Codonopsis Radix.