In recent years,Mendelian randomization based on Genome-wide association study has been widely applied to explore the etiology of various diseases.The method utilizes genetic variants strongly associated with risk factors as instrumental variables to investigate the causal relationship between exposure factors and outcome indicators.This paper reviews the progress of Mendelian randomization in the study of migraine,aiming to provide reference for the research on the mechanisms,diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of migraine.

In recent years,Mendelian randomization based on Genome-wide association study has been widely applied to explore the etiology of various diseases.The method utilizes genetic variants strongly associated with risk factors as instrumental variables to investigate the causal relationship between exposure factors and outcome indicators.This paper reviews the progress of Mendelian randomization in the study of migraine,aiming to provide reference for the research on the mechanisms,diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of migraine.

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism of reducing cholecystitis and preventing cholelithiasis by Dahuang Lingxian Formula（大黄灵仙方， DLF）. MethodsFifty SD rats were randomly divided into blank group， model group， DLF group， DLF + blank inhibitor group， and DLF + inhibitor group， with 10 rats in each group. The rat model of cholecystitis was established by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） induction in all the groups except for the blank group. Rats in DLF group， DLF + blank inhibitor group and DLF + inhibitor group received intragastric administration of 320 mg/ （kg·d） of DLF 3 days before the preparation of cholecystitis model， while those in blank group and model group were given 2 ml/100 g of distilled water by gastric， twice a day， for 6 consecutive days. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the histopathologic changes of bile duct tissues in each group. The expression of nuclear factor κB （NF-κB） protein in bile duct tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of interleukin1β （IL-1β） and tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） in serum of rats were detected by enzym-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The mRNA expression levels of miRNA-30b， transforming growth factor β1 （TGF-β1）， nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） and bone morphogenetic protein 2 （BMP2） in bile duct tissues were detected by real-time PCR， and the protein expression levels of TGF-β1， NLRP3 and BMP2 were detected by Western blot. ResultsCompared to those in the blank group， the structure of the bile duct in the model group was abnormal， and a large number of lymphocytes， plasma cell infiltration and bile canaliculi dilation were seen in the portal area； the positive expression of NF-κB protein increased； there was nuclear infiltration； the expressions of serum inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α， as well as the mRNA and protein expressions of TGF-β1， NLRP3 and BMP2 in bile duct tissue significantly increased， while the expression level of miRNA-30b significantly decreased （P＜0.01）. Compared to those in the model group， the pathological morphology of the bile ducts in the DLF group and DLF + blank inhibitor group was improved， and the infiltration of inflammatory cells was reduced， with decreased positive expression of NF-κB and nuclear infiltration； expression levels of serum inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α， and the mRNA and protein expressions of TGF-β1， NLRP3 and BMP2 in bile duct tissue decreased， while the expression level of miRNA-30b significantly increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared to the model group， those indicators in the DLF + inhibitor group was not significantly improved （P＞0.05）. There was no significant difference in the indicators between the DLF group and the DLF + blank inhibitor group （P＞0.05）. ConclusionDLF may play a role in delaying the progression of cholelithiasis by regulating the expression of miRNA-30b and inflammation-fibrosis related factors.

Objective:Based on the National Patent Database, this paper analyzes the medication rule of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) compound patents for the treatment of colorectal cancer in the past 10 years.Methods:By searching for and extracted screening out TCM compound patents for the treatment of colorectal cancer and after the dada selection, data entry , data specifications, the compound patents database for the treatment of colorectal cancer was established. then used IBM SPSS Modeler and IBM SPSS Statistics software to perform frequency analysis, attribute analysis, association analysis and cluster analysis of TCM.Results:A total of 97 compound patents were included, including 411 TCM, among which the core medicines are Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma, Hedyotis diffusa, Astragali radix, Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma, Scutellariae barbatae herba, Poria, etc. The medicine is mainly cold and warm; The medicine mainly tastes bitter and sweet; The spleen meridian is the main meridian. The cluster analysis result shows there are 7 categories, and the paired TCM with strong correlation includes Hedyotis diffusa- Scutellariae barbatae herba, Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma- Curcumae rhizoma, Astragali radix- Codonopsis radix and so on. Conclusions:Treating colorectal cancer should take those medicine which could invigorate the spleen and nurture the deficiency, such as Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma, Astragali radix, Codonopsis radix, while for clearing away heat, detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, such as Hedyotis diffusa, Scutellariae barbatae herba, and Curcumae rhizoma. At the same time, it can be combined as appropriate, attacking and replenishing simultaneously, regulating qi and blood.