Streptococcus pneumoniae(SP)is one of the common pathogens of respiratory tract infection in children, which can evolve into severe pneumonia and necrotizing pneumonia in case of severe infection.β-lactam antibiotics are the first-line treatment for SP.The resistance mechanism of SP to β-lactam antibiotics is mainly PBPs gene mutation, followed by mutations related to non-PBPs genes such as MurM, CpoA, TEM, CiaH/CiaR-TCSS and StkP-PhpP signal conjugations.Antibiotic selection pressure and vaccine-induced serotype substitution may influence SP resistance.Serotypes 19F and 19A have high resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, and promotion of PCV13 may be more beneficial than other SP vaccines in preventing SP infection in children.

Objective To analyze the reasons of invalid detections occurred in using three kinds of nucleic acid detection systems in our laboratory since 2016.Methods Analyze the numbers and types of invalid detections,for Roche Cobas S201 system from January to December 2016,Procleix Tigris system from January to September 2016,and Procleix Panther system from September 2016 to March 2017,respectively.Results The invalidation rates of Cobas s201,Tigris,and Panther systems were 0.90％ (402/44 838),4.01％ (2 960/73 835),and 1.34％ (1 093/81 741),respectively,and there were statistically significant differences between the three detection systems (P＜0.05).Except for the differences between Roche Cobas s201 and Panther 1404,there were statistically significant differences between instruments (P＜0.05).Failure of instruments,invalid detection of reagent calibrators,fault operation and sample quality are the causes of invalid detection.Conelusion The main reason of invalidation is instrument failure and reagent calibrator failmre.Invalid detections of nucleic acid screening is related on different detection systems.