Abstract To improve adolescent health behavior, the study summarizes and analyzes the performance, pathways of transmission, and influencing factors of the intergenerational transmission of adolescent health behaviors from the perspective of intergenerational transmission. The study emphasizes the need to deepen research on the intergenerational transmission of adolescent health behaviors, promote multidisciplinary and cross team collaboration, and shift adolescent health care from individual focused care to a holistic approach that prioritizes family and community culture. Simultaneously, an action framework should be established to block the intergenerational transmission of health risk behaviors, with a focus on childhood and adolescence. Additionally, parent-child participatory health education and health promotion activities should be carried out under a tripartite coordinated intervention model involving the community, school, and family, collectively fostering the development of healthy behaviors among adolescents.

With the integration of 5G communication technology and robotic surgical systems, remote robot-assisted thoracic surgery is overcoming geographical barriers, offering an innovative approach to addressing the uneven distribution of medical resources. This study conducted a systematic literature review—using databases such as PubMed and CNKI, with the search period extending up to 2025—incorporating clinical studies, case reports, and review articles to comprehensively evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of 5G-enabled remote robot-assisted thoracic surgery (5G-RRATS). The analysis also examined current technological limitations and potential future development trajectories. Existing evidence indicates that, given adequate technical support, 5G-RRATS can achieve perioperative outcomes comparable to those of conventional local robotic surgeries across procedures including pulmonary wedge resection, lobectomy, and esophagectomy. Furthermore, it demonstrates potential advantages in minimizing surgical incisions and reducing intraoperative blood loss. Nevertheless, challenges related to network stability, latency control, interdisciplinary collaboration between medical and engineering teams, and legal, regulatory, and ethical considerations continue to hinder widespread clinical adoption. Looking ahead, the emergence of a "one-to-many" remote surgical model, combined with the integration of artificial intelligence and augmented reality technologies, as well as advancements in low-orbit satellite communications, may enable 5G-RRATS to further advance precision and efficiency in thoracic surgery, thereby facilitating equitable access to high-quality care for a broader patient population.

ObjectiveTo construct an actor-network for integrating physical activity into rehabilitation services based on the World Health Organization Rehabilitation in Health Service System framework and actor-network theory (ANT). MethodsContent analysis was employed using the six building blocks of health service systems as the theoretical framework. Actors related to rehabilitation services were extracted and categorized into a rehabilitation actor pool, while a physical activity actor pool was formed based on four major physical activity scenarios. Actors from both pools were integrated, deduplicated and classified to form a final list of integrated actors. Using ANT, the construction process of the actor network integrating physical activity into rehabilitation was analyzed through the four stages of translation: problematization, interessment, enrollment and mobilization. ResultsA dynamic integration network was constructed, comprising human actors (patients, rehabilitation professionals, researchers, sports coaches, government departments, medical institutions, community organizations and industry media, etc.) and non-human actors (assistive devices, sports infrastructure, smart equipment, information systems, online exercise guidance systems, laws and regulations, strategic documents, and exercise prescriptions, etc.). The study identified maximizing rehabilitation outcomes as the mandatory passage point and elaborated on the critical role of government departments as focal actors in coordinating various stakeholders. ConclusionThe integration of physical activity into rehabilitation services is a dynamic network constructed by diverse actors through a process of translation. ANT provides an operational theoretical framework for cross-departmental governance of rehabilitation policies in China, promotes the spatial expansion of the rehabilitation field, and drives its transformation toward a networked and ecological system. The government needs to play a leading role in facilitating role reconstruction and synergy among heterogeneous actors in both the sports and rehabilitation sectors through mechanism design, to create a bidirectional empowerment mechanism that fosters mutual progress and ensures the sustainable development of integrated services.

Object To study the efficacy and potential mechanism of Tongbianling capsule in constipation. Methods The effects of Tongbianling capsule on intestinal motility in normal mice and carbon powder propulsion rate in small intestine of constipation model mice after were observed administration. The potential targets and key pathways of Tongbianling capsule in treating constipation were identified through network pharmacology. To verify the mechanism, the expression of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT and CASP3 proteins in mouse colon tissue was detected by the western blot. Results The time for mice to excrete the first black stool was shortened and the number of fecal particles was increased in Tongbianling capsule administration group, and the carbon powder propulsion rate of mice in each Tongbianling capsule administration group was increased. The results of network pharmacology showed that treatment of constipation by Tongbianling capsule may be related to signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and 5-HT. The protein expression of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, and CASP3 in mouse colon tissue could be significantly downregulated in administration group. Conclusion Tongbianling capsule could effectively promote intestinal peristalsis in mice, increase the frequency of defecation, and effectively treat constipation. The mechanism of its action may be related to the direct or indirect regulation of intestinal motility by the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics and distribution of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes in the patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC）. MethodsAn electronic questionnaire was developed to collect the general data and four examination information of ESCC patients treated in 10 areas with high incidence of esophageal cancer in China from June 2020 to March 2021. Multiple analyses including frequency analysis， factor analysis， and hierarchical cluster analysis were performed to analyze the potential syndrome elements， disease location， and common syndromes of ESCC. ResultsA total of 2 027 patients with ESCC were included. Statistical analysis was performed on 113 symptoms， physical signs， 33 tongue manifestation variables， and 23 pulse manifestation variables of the patients’ four examination information. Factor analysis was performed on 55 variables with frequency>10%， extracting 19 common factors. According to clinical experience and expert opinions， the main lesions of patients with ESCC were in the spleen and stomach， and the main syndrome elements were Qi stagnation， blood stasis， phlegm， dampness， and Qi deficiency， with the syndrome element combination of phlegm obstruction + Qi stagnation + blood stasis being the most common. The syndromes can be classified into four categories of liver-stomach disharmony + combined phlegm and Qi obstruction， kidney-spleen dysfunction + combined phlegm and stasis， spleen-kidney Yang deficiency + obstinate phlegm and blood stasis， and liver-kidney Yin deficiency + obstinate phlegm and blood stasis. The main syndrome of ESCC was liver-stomach disharmony + combined phlegm and Qi obstruction in the early stage， liver-spleen dysfunction + combined phlegm and stasis in the middle stage， and spleen-kidney Yang deficiency + obstinate phlegm and blood stasis in the late stage. ConclusionESCC mainly has main pathological features of internal deficiency and external excess and combined deficiency and excess， with the key syndrome elements being phlegm obstruction， Qi stagnation， and blood stasis. The main disease locations are in the spleen and stomach， involving the liver， kidney， chest and diaphragm， heart， and lung. The main syndrome is liver-stomach disharmony + combined phlegm and Qi obstruction. In clinical practice， it is necessary to grasp the pathogenesis dynamics of the disease and use prescriptions according to patients’ syndromes.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of dietary habits on the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in elderly individuals undergoing health check-ups.Methods:In the cross-sectional study, we enrolled individuals aged 60-70 years with fasting plasma glucose (FPG)≥6.0 mmol/L who underwent health examinations at the Health Management Medical Center of Wenjiang District People's Hospital in Chengdu from 2019 to 2022.Demographic characteristics, dietary habit questionnaires, and FPG values were collected.Unconditional binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the natural progression from prediabetes to T2DM.A nomogram prediction model was established based on logistic regression results, and its predictive performance was evaluated by calculating the C-statistics and drawing a calibration curve.Results:A total of 13 681 elderly participants with FPG ≥6.0 mmol/L were included, comprising 4 306(31.5%)prediabetes cases(FPG 6.0-7.0 mmol/L), aged(63.54±16.49)years and 9 375(68.5%)T2DM cases(FPG>7.0 mmol/L), aged(63.09±16.21)years.Unconditional binary logistic regression analysis showed that frequent breakfast( OR=0.777, 95% CI: 0.696-0.868, P<0.001), dietary preference for light diet( OR=0.781, 95% CI: 0.710-0.858, P<0.001), salty taste( OR=0.571, 95% CI: 0.504-0.648, P<0.001), raw food( OR=0.327, 95% CI: 0.224-0.478, P<0.001)and spicy taste( OR=0.124, 95% CI: 0.112-0.137, P<0.001)were the protective factors for the conversion of prediabetes to the T2DM stage in the elderly physical examination population.While fast eating rate( OR=4.327, 95% CI: 3.978-4.772, P<0.001), dietary preference for sweets( OR=5.168, 95% CI: 4.703-5.678, P<0.001), and high-fat diet( OR=1.401, 95% CI: 1.275-1.539, P<0.001)were risk factors for conversion of prediabetes to T2DM stage.C-statistic of the Nomogram prediction model was 0.781; the goodness-of-fit test of the calibration curve was χ2=11.258, P=0.188, and the model predicted well. Conclusions:Regular breakfast, light diet, and dietary preferences for salty, raw, and spicy foods were protective factors for the transition from prediabetes to T2DM stage, whereas rapid eating rate, preference for sweets, and high-fat diets were risk factors for the transition from prediabetes to T2DM stage in the medical examination population.The constructed risk prediction model helped to find out the magnitude of the risk of T2DM in an individual, which increases the evidence for the transition from prediabetes to T2DM stage prevention evidence.

Objective To explore the efficacy of the self-formulated Zhuzhang Formula in trea-ting the spleen deficiency with dysfunction of transportation syndrome of idiopathic short stature(ISS)and its effects on the growth rate,disease-related indicators,and bone metabolism indicators in affect-ed children.Methods A total of 80 children with ISS were enrolled as study subjects.They were randomly assigned to control group and observation group using random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received conventional western medicine treatment,while the observation group was administered self-formulated Zhuzhang Formula in addition to the treatment of the control group.Comparisons were made between the two groups in terms of clinical efficacy,TCM syndrome scores,growth parameters(monthly average height increment,annual growth rate),levels of disease-related indicators[serum insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1),bone morphogenetic pro-tein-2(BMP-2),insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3)],levels of bone metabo-lism indicators[bone alkaline phosphatase(BAP),type Ⅰ procollagen N-terminal propeptide(PⅠNP),type Ⅰ collagen cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide(β-CTX)],and the incidence of adverse reac-tions.Results The overall effective rate in the observation group was 97.50％,which was significantly higher than the 80.00％ in the control group(P＜0.05).After 3 and 6 months of intervention,the scores for symptoms such as short stature,sallow complexion,loss of appetite,weak voice and shortness of breath,limb weakness,and loose stools,as well as the total TCM syndrome scores,were lower in the observation group than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).After 6 months of intervention,the monthly average height increment and annual growth rate were higher in the observation group than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).After 3 and 6 months of intervention,the levels of IGF-1,BMP-2,IGFBP-3,BAP,and PⅠNP were higher in the observation group than those in the control group,while the level of β-CTX was lower,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The self-formulated Zhuchang Formula demon-strates remarkable efficacy in treating the spleen deficiency with dysfunction of transportation syndrome of ISS.It can alleviate clinical symptoms by regulating the levels of IGF-1,BMP-2,IGFBP-3,and bone metabolism indicators,thereby promoting the growth and development of affected children,and exhibits high safety.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a life-threatening gastrointestinal disorder for which no effective pharmacological treatments are currently available. One of the pharmacological targets that merits further research is the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R), which is found on pancreatic acinar cells and responds to the neuropeptide substance P (SP) that participates in AP. Although a few studies have stated the involvement of SP/NK1R in neurogenic inflammation in AP development, the regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found that following activation of NK1R by SP, β-arrestin1, a scaffold protein of NK1R, down-regulated transcription of Adss, Adsl, and Ampd in the purine nucleotide cycle, thereby inhibiting mitochondrial function through fumarate depletion. Interestingly, we identified magnolol as a new and natural NK1R inhibitor with a non-nitrogenous biphenyl core structure. It exhibited a beneficial effect on AP by restoring purine nucleotide cycle metabolic enzymes and fumarate levels. Our study not only provides new therapeutic strategies, leading compounds, and drug translation possibilities for AP, but also provides important clues for the study of downstream mechanisms driven by SP in other diseases.

Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological, structural, and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages. The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion. This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence, aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection, comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.
Humans ; Malocclusion/diagnostic imaging* ; Child ; Consensus

Microwave thermochemotherapy (MTC) has been applied to treat lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), but a deeper understanding of its therapeutic mechanisms and molecular biology is needed. To address this, we used single-cell transcriptomics (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) to highlight the pivotal role of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) among tumor-infiltrating immune cells and their therapeutic response to MTC. MNDA⁺ TANs with anti-tumor activity (N1-phenotype) are found to be abundantly infiltrated by MTC with benefit of increased blood perfusion, and these TANs are characterized by enhanced cytotoxicity, ameliorated hypoxia, and upregulated IL1B, activating T&NK cells and fibroblasts via IL1B-IL1R. In this highly anti-tumor immunogenic and hypoxia-reversed microenvironment under MTC, fibroblasts accumulated in the tumor front (TF) can recruit N1-TANs via CXCL2-CXCR2 and clear N2-TANs (pro-tumor phenotype) via CXCL12-CXCR4, which results in the aggregation of N1-TANs and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. In addition, we construct an N1-TANs marker, MX2, which positively correlates with better prognosis in LSCC patients, and employ deep learning techniques to predict expression of MX2 from hematoxylin-eosin (H&E)-stained images so as to conveniently guide decision making in clinical practice. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the N1-TANs/fibroblasts defense wall formed in response to MTC effectively combat LSCC.
Humans ; Neutrophils/metabolism* ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Lip Neoplasms/genetics* ; Hyperthermia, Induced/methods* ; Microwaves/therapeutic use* ; Transcriptome ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology* ; Tumor Microenvironment