Humans ; Aortic Valve/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ; Sex Factors ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Treatment Outcome ; China ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery* ; Risk Factors ; Risk Assessment

Humans ; Parkinson Disease/therapy* ; Phototherapy ; Sleep Wake Disorders

Objective:To detect the expression level of RAB39B gene and the effect of RAB39B on autophagy and α-synuclein, and then investigate the role of RAB39B gene mutation c.536dupA in the pathogenesis of Parkinson′s disease.Methods:Based on the novel RAB39B gene c.536 dupamutation identified in the previous work, the recombinant expression plasmid (pcDNA3.1-HA-RAB39B-536) of RAB39B gene with this mutation and wild-type recombinant expression plasmid (pcDNA3.1-HA-RAB39B) of RAB39B gene were constructed, and the recombinant expression plasmid was transfected into N2a cells with liposome as experimental group. The control group was made up with N2a cells transfected with plasmid pcDNA3.1-HA-RAB39B. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation techniques were used to detect the expression level of mutant RAB39B gene and the effects of RAB39B on autophagy and α-synuclein.Results:In the N2a cell model, the transcription level of mutant RAB39B was about twice that of wild type RAB39B, while the protein level of mutant RAB39B (0.30±0.00) was significantly lower than that of wild type (1.50±0.25, t=8.313, P<0.05). After adding proteasome inhibitor MG132, the protein level of mutant RAB39B increased (0.70±0.10, t=6.925, P<0.05); the level of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 BⅡ/Ⅰ of mutant RAB39B (3.11±0.30) was significantly lower than that of wild type (7.03±0.20, t=18.831, P<0.05); overexpression of wild type and mutant RAB39B did not affect the level of endogenous α-synuclein; overexpression of wild-type RAB39B resulted in elevated level of exogenous wild-type (p.A53T; from 0.60±0.11 to 1.25±0.08, t=8.254, P<0.05) and mutant (from 0.55±0.08 to 1.15±0.08, t=9.293, P<0.05) α-synuclein. Conclusions:The stability of the RAB39B protein decreased with the appearance of c.536 dupA mutation, the mutant protein may be degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, and this mutation may affect the autophagy level of cells. RAB39B protein may interact with α-synuclein in vivo and may be involved in the maintenance of the stable level of α-synuclein.

Since December 2019, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has been reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province. Almost 70% of patients susceptible to 2019-nCoV are over age of 50 years, with extremely large proportion of critical illness and death of the elderly patients. Meanwhile, the elderly patients are at high risk of osteoporotic fractures especially osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). During the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic, orthopedists are confronted with the following difficulties including how to screen and protect OVCF patients, how to accurately diagnose and assess the condition of OVCF patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, and how to develop reasonable treatment plans and comprehensive protective measures in emergency and outpatient clinics. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of patients with OVCF diagnosed with COVID-19, the authors jointly develop this expert consensus. The consensus systematically recommends the standardized emergency and outpatient screening and confirmation procedures for OVCF patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 and protective measures for emergency and outpatient clinics. Moreover, the consensus describes the grading and classification of OVCF patients diagnosed with COVID-19 according to the severity of illness and recommends different treatment plans and corresponding protective measures based on the different types and epidemic prevention and control requirements.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the NOAEL of the nickel ion and provide with basic data for the biological evaluation of those medical devices containing nickel. Five groups SD rats were repeatedly exposed during 14 d respectively to nickel at first stage doses of 4.9, 3.7, 2.5 mg/(kg.d), and the second stage doses of 1.2, 0.25 mg/(kg.d) by the intravenous route. The results showed that the NOAEL of nickel ion is 0.25 mg/(kg.d) for SD rats, and the result was verified by subchronic systemic toxicity test of nickel alloy. The threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) of nickel is 150 μg/d (based on application of 100-fold uncertainty factor and a body weight of 60 kg)deduced by these data.
Animals ; Equipment and Supplies/adverse effects* ; Nickel/toxicity* ; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Risk Assessment

Objective: To assess the incidence and related risk factors of postoperative intraabdominal infection in patients undergoing anatomical hepatectomy. Methods: The clinical data from 122 patients who underwent anatomical major hepatectomy in our institution were retrospectively analyzed. The electronic medical data were retrieved for further analysis including the amount of crystalloid and colloid fluid infused, intraoperative estimated blood loss, volume of blood transfusion, the dosage of vasoactive drugs, postoperative liver function, inflammation index, the incidence of intraabdominal infection and the length of hospital stay (LOS). Results: Patients were divided into infection group (n=39) and non- infection group (n=83). Intraabdominal infection was correlated with preoperative cirrhosis, the elevated direct bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase, the duration of operation, bilioenteric anastomosis or cholangiotomy, the infusion volume of colloid and crystalloid fluid, transfusion volume, direct bilirubin level on the POD 1(post-operation on day 1) (P<0.05); Multivariate analysis showed the incidence of intraabdominal infection was highly correlated with the amount of intraoperative colloid fluid bilioenteric anastomosis(P<0.05). Conclusions Intraoperative infused volume of synthetic colloid, along with bilioenteric anastomosis are independent risk factors for postoperative intraabdominal infection.

Objective To evaluate the effect of methylprednisolone on endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats with ventilator-induced lung injury ( VILI ) and the relationship with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase∕serine-threonine protein kinase ( PI3K∕Akt) signaling pathway. Methods One hundred clean-grade male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 4-5 months, weighing 270-320 g, were divided into 5 groups ( n=20 each) using a random number table method: control group ( C group) , VILI group ( V group) and different doses of methylprednisolone groups ( M1-3 groups) . Group C received no mechanical ventilation and kept spontane-ous breathing for 4 h. Rats were mechanically ventilated ( tidal volume 40 ml∕kg, respiratory rate 15-17 breaths∕min, inspiratory∕expiratory ratio 1 : 1, positive end-expiratory pressure 0, fraction of inspired oxy-gen 21％ during OLV) in group V. Methylprednisolone 2, 10 and 30 mg∕kg were intravenously injected at 20 min before mechanical ventilation in M1-3 groups, respectively, and the equal volume of normal saline was given in group V. Blood samples and lung tissues were taken at 4 h of ventilation for measurement of the lung permeability index ( LPI) and wet∕dry lung weight ratio ( W∕D ratio) , for examination of pathological changes, and for determination of apoptosis index ( AI) in lung tissues ( by TUNEL) , expression of Akt, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), CCAAT∕enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase-12 in lung tissues (by Western blot). Injured alveoli rate (IAR) was calculated. Results Compared with group C, the W∕D ratio, LPI, IAR and AI were significantly in-creased, the expression of p-Akt was down-regulated, and the expression of GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12 was up-regulated in V and M1 groups ( P<0. 05) , and no significant change was found in the indexes mentioned above in M2 and M3 groups ( P>0. 05) . Compared with group V, the W∕D ratio, LPI, IAR and AI were significantly decreased, p-Akt expression was up-regulated, and the expression of GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12 was down-regulated in M2 and M3 groups ( P<0. 05) . Conclusion Methylprednisolone in-hibits endoplasmic reticulum stress, thus inhibiting cell apoptosis, and the mechanism is related to activa-ting PI3K∕Akt signaling pathway in rats with VILI.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference between acupuncture and estazolam on arousal state in patients of primary insomnia, and to explore its nerve electrophysiology mechanism.

METHODSSixty-four patients of primary insomnia were randomized into an acupuncture group (32 cases) and a medication group (32 cases). After 3 patients were excluded, 31 cases in the acupuncture group and 30 cases in the medication group were included. Patients in the acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Anmian (Extra), Shenmen (HT 7), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zhaohai (KI 6), Shenmai (BL 62) as main acupoints, combined with supporting acupoints, once a day, five times per week, continuously for 4 weeks. Patients in the medication group were treated with oral administration of estazolam, once a day, continuously for 4 weeks. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and mean sleep latency (MSL) of multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) were compared before and after treatment in the two groups; the polysomnography (PSG) was applied to monitor the indices regarding sleep structure.

RESULTSCompared before treatment, PSQI score was reduced after treatment in the two groups (both<0.01), which was more significant in the acupuncture group (<0.05). Compared before treatment, sleep onset latency (SOL), number of awakenings (NWAK) and wake after sleep onset (WASO) were reduced, while total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency (SE) were significantly increased in the two groups after treatment (all<0.01). Compared before treatment, the percentage of non-rapid eye movement period 1/2/3 (N1, N2, N3) and the percentage of rapid eye movement period (REM) to TST were not significantly changed after treatment in the medication group (all>0.05). Compared before treatment, the percentage of N1, N2 to TST was reduced, while the percentage of N3 and REM to TST was increased after treatment in the acupuncture group (<0.01). The SOL, NWAK, WASO, TST, SE were not statistically changed after treatment in each group (all>0.05). Compared with the medication group, the percentage of N1 and N2 was reduced while that of N3 and REM was increased after treatment in the acupuncture group (all<0.01). After treatment, MSL of MSLT were obviously decreased in the two groups (both<0.01), which were more significant in the acupuncture group (<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAcupuncture can more effectively improve sleep quality of primary insomnia than estazolam, and is more beneficial for regulation of hyperarousal state.

Objective To provide a proper concentration of Internal Standard Solution by comparing five different degrees to the simultaneous analysis of 10 metals including V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,As,Cd,Pb and Hg in Cardeniajasminoides.Method An Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry method with Microwave-Assisted Digestion was developed with10,50,200,500,1 000 μg/L of Ge,In,Bi as internal standard.Result The degree of 500 μg/L concentration of internal stand solution can both correct the matrix effect and alleviate the contamination as the 1 000 μg/L.Conclusion With excellent detection limits,high sensitivity and wide linear range,the 500 μg/L internal standard may serve as reference in the determination of elements in other traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 18 toxic elements from 10 ingredients of Modified xiaoyao formula and their extracts,and to study transport rates of above elements. METHODS:Microwave digestion-in-ductively coupled plasma mass (ICP-MS) was used to determine above elements. Radio-frequency power was 1.50 kW,atomiza-tion pressure was 720 kPa,sampling depth was 7 mm,plasma gas flow rate was 15.0 L/min,carrier gas flow rate was 1.00 L/min, spray chamber temperature was 2℃,He flow rate was 4.5 mL/min under collision mode,measurement points/peak was 3,data ac-quisition mode was jump mode. RESULTS:The linear ranges of As,Pb,Cu,Hg,Cd,Mo,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Zn,Ru,Rh, Pd,Os,Ir,Pt was 0-500.17 ppb(r was 0.9994-09999);LOD was 0.0004-5.3410 ng/g;RSD of repeatability tests was all lower than 5.0%;average recoveries were 82.0%-117.9%(RSD=0.2%-5.7%,n=9). Ru,Rh,Pd,Os,Ir,Pt,Hg had not been detect-ed. The transfer rates of 11 metals in the extracts ranged 1.46%-31.90%. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,precise,stable and repeatable,and can be used for simultaneous determination of 18 toxic elements in 10 ingredients of Modified xiaoyao formula and their extracts. The contents of toxic elements are decreased during the preparation of Modified xiaoyao formula extract to guar-antee the safety of drug use to certain extent.