The aim of this study is to identify the cause of death of a South China tiger cub at the Meihuashan breeding institute of Fujian Province.Pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured from liver,spleen,lung and other tissue samples of the dead South China tiger aseptically.The iso-lated bacteria were identified through morphological observation,biochemical characterization,sequence analysis of housekeeping gene gyrB,virulence gene detection,animal pathogenicity test and drug sensitivity test.A pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila strain,designated FJ/Tiger-201809 was successfully isolated from the trachea of dead South China tiger.The nucleotide sequence ho-mology between the isolate and 11 strains of Aeromonas gyrB ranged from 91.2％to 99.1％,with the highest homology of 99.1％observed with Aeromonas hydrophila(AF208251.1).Genetic evo-lution analysis showed that the isolated strain FJ/Tiger-201809 was in the same evolutionary branch as other reference strains of Aeromonas hydrophila and was closely related.The pathoge-nicity test in mice showed artificial infection of mice with the strain resulted in varying degrees of lesions in several organs of the mice,and the median lethal dose(LD50)was 1 × 107.8 CFU/mL.Virulence gene test results showed that the isolate FJ/Tiger-201809 carried two virulence genes,aer and act.The results of drug sensitivity test showed that FJ/Tiger-201809 was highly sensitive to enrofloxacin and ampicillin among 18 commonly used antibiotics,relatively sensitive to penicil-lin G and doxycycline,and resistant to the other 14 antibiotics.In conclusion,this study isolated and identified a strain of Aeromonas hydrophila from a dead South China tiger with multiple drug resistance and strong pathogenicity,which provided an important reference for the prevention and control of bacterial diseases in South China tiger.

The aim of this study is to identify the cause of death of a South China tiger cub at the Meihuashan breeding institute of Fujian Province.Pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured from liver,spleen,lung and other tissue samples of the dead South China tiger aseptically.The iso-lated bacteria were identified through morphological observation,biochemical characterization,sequence analysis of housekeeping gene gyrB,virulence gene detection,animal pathogenicity test and drug sensitivity test.A pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila strain,designated FJ/Tiger-201809 was successfully isolated from the trachea of dead South China tiger.The nucleotide sequence ho-mology between the isolate and 11 strains of Aeromonas gyrB ranged from 91.2％to 99.1％,with the highest homology of 99.1％observed with Aeromonas hydrophila(AF208251.1).Genetic evo-lution analysis showed that the isolated strain FJ/Tiger-201809 was in the same evolutionary branch as other reference strains of Aeromonas hydrophila and was closely related.The pathoge-nicity test in mice showed artificial infection of mice with the strain resulted in varying degrees of lesions in several organs of the mice,and the median lethal dose(LD50)was 1 × 107.8 CFU/mL.Virulence gene test results showed that the isolate FJ/Tiger-201809 carried two virulence genes,aer and act.The results of drug sensitivity test showed that FJ/Tiger-201809 was highly sensitive to enrofloxacin and ampicillin among 18 commonly used antibiotics,relatively sensitive to penicil-lin G and doxycycline,and resistant to the other 14 antibiotics.In conclusion,this study isolated and identified a strain of Aeromonas hydrophila from a dead South China tiger with multiple drug resistance and strong pathogenicity,which provided an important reference for the prevention and control of bacterial diseases in South China tiger.

Objective To analyze the colonization status and clinical infection characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and to identify its risk factors. Methods From January 2021 to January 2023, 129 patients with CRE colonization admitted to our hospital were included in the colonization group, and the species identification results and departmental distribution of CRE were recorded. The sensitivity of CRE-colonized patients to commonly used antimicrobials was analyzed based on the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Additionally, 80 patients with carbapenem-sensitive Enterobacterales (CSE) infections during the same period were recruited as control group. Clinical data between the colonization group and the control group were compared, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to screen for risk factors for CRE colonization. Results A total of 129 CRE strains were isolated from 129 patients with CRE colonization, with Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli being the most commonly seen bacteria, accounting for 47.29% and 18.60%, respectively. The 129 CRE strains were mainly distributed in the Critical Care Medicine Department, Urological Surgery Department, and Thoracic Surgery Department, with proportions of 22.48%, 16.28%, and 15.50%, respectively. The 129 common CRE strains exhibited high resistance rates to antimicrobials such as piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem, and high sensitivity to tigecycline and polymyxin. The colonization group had a higher proportion of patients with antimicrobial use for >2 weeks, tracheal intubation, indwelling catheters, corticosteroid use, and immunosuppressant use compared to the control group (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, hypertension, antifungal drug use, long-term bed rest, hemoglobin, or body mass index between the two groups (P>0.05). The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that antimicrobial use for >2 weeks (95%CI, 1.289 to 5.407), tracheal intubation (95%CI, 1.065 to 5.006), indwelling catheters (95%CI, 1.020 to 5.129), corticosteroid use (95%CI, 1.387 to 5.789), and immunosuppressant use (95%CI, 1.249 to 5.492) were risk factors for CRE colonization (OR>1, P < 0.05). Conclusion Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are the most common species of CRE colonized clinically, primarily distributed in the Critical Care Medicine Department, Urological Surgery Department, and Thoracic Surgery Department. CRE colonization is associated with factors such as antimicrobial use for >2 weeks, tracheal intubation, indwelling catheters, corticosteroid use, and immunosuppressant use. Thus, enhanced protective measures for susceptible patients should be implemented clinically.

Purpose To investigate the expression of FUT8-AS1 gene in epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC)tissues and cell lines and its relationship with clinical pathology and progno-sis,to investigate the effect of FUT8-AS on proliferation,inva-sion and EMT of epithelial ovarian cancer cell line and its possi-ble mechanism.Methods Based on GEPIA2 and Kaplan-Meier Plotter database,the expression of FUT8-AS1 in epithelial ovarian cancer and its effect on survival of patients with ovarian cancer were analyzed,the expression levels of FUT8-AS1 miR-142-5p,BCL2,and EMT marker genes were detected by qRT-PCR,CCK-8 and Transwell assays were used to detect the effect of abnormal expression of FUT8-AS1 gene on proliferation and invasion of CAOV3 cells.The interaction between FUT8-AS1 and miR-142-5p was verified by Dual-luciferase reporter assay sys-tem.Results Using GEPIA2 and Kaplan-Meier Plotter data-bases,it was found that the expression of FUT8-AS1 in epitheli-al ovarian cancer tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in normal tissue(P＜0.05),and the overall survival rate of the high expression group of FUT8-AS1 was significantly lower than that of the low expression group of FUT8-AS1(P＜0.01).The expression of FUT8-AS1 gene in 74 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer tissue was significantly higher than that of normal tissue[(2.547±1.370)vs(1.330±0.831),P＜0.01],and was associated with greater omentum metastasis,lymph node metas-tasis,FIGO staging,and survival(P＜0.01).Knocking down the FUT8-AS1 gene can inhibit the in vitro proliferation and in-vasion ability of epithelial ovarian cancer cell line CAOV3(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).The results of dual luciferase reporter gene detection showed that co transfection with miR-142-5p mimics and FUT8-AS1-WT plasmids significantly reduced the luciferase activity of CAOV3 cells(P＜0.05).Transfection with miR-142-5p mimics could offset the downregulation of BCL2 gene ex-pression caused by knocking down FUT8-AS1 in CAOV3 cells(P＜0.05).Conclusion The FUT8-AS1 gene is highly ex-pressed in EOC and leads to poor prognosis.Knocking down the FUT8-AS1 gene can inhibit the in vitro proliferation,invasion,and EMT of CAOV3 cells.Mechanistically,the FUT8-AS1 gene may promote the progression of EOC by targeting the miR-142-5p/BCL2 molecular axis.

To prepare a lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based subunit vaccine of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigen EsxV and study its immunological characteristics, the LNP containing EsxV and c-di-AMP (EsxV: C: L) was prepared by thin film dispersion method, and its encapsulation rate, LNP morphology, particle size, surface charge and polyphase dispersion index were measured. BALB/c mice were immunized with EsxV: C: L by nasal drops. The levels of serum and mucosal antibodies, transcription and secretion of cytokines in lung and spleen, and the proportion of T cell subsets were detected after immunization. EsxV: C: L LNPs were obtained with uniform size and they were spherical and negatively charged. Compared with EsxV: C immunization, EsxV: C: L mucosal inoculation induced increased sIgA level in respiratory tract mucosa. Levels of IL-2 secreted from spleen and ratios of memory T cells and tissue-resident T cells in mice were also elevated. In conclusion, EsxV: C: L could induce stronger mucosal immunity and memory T cell immune responses, which may provide better protection against Mtb infection.
Animals ; Mice ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Immunization ; Nanoparticles ; Vaccines, Subunit ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of COVID-19 confirmed cases with viral nucleic acid re-positive in anal and/or throat swabs after discharge during the domestic imported epidemic stage in Guangdong Province in early 2020. Methods: The COVID-19 confirmed cases with the onset time before March 1, 2020 in Guangdong Province were collected to analyze the demographic data, epidemiological characteristics, and specimen collection and testing data after discharge. Logistic regression model was used for influencing factors analysis of re-positive cases. Results: A total of 1 286 COVID-19 confirmed cases were included, the M(Q₁,Q₃) of age was 44(32,58)years, 617 cases were male, 224 cases were re-positive in anal and/or throat swabs with the re-positive rate 17.42%. The M(Q₁,Q₃) of age of re-positive cases was 35(23, 50) years, which was younger than that of re-negative cases age was those 46(33, 59) years (P<0.001). With the increase of age, re-positive rate decreased (χ²_trend=52.73, P<0.001). 85.27% (191/224) of re-positive cases were found in 14 d after discharge, the duration time of re-positive status was 13(7, 24) d, and 81.69% (183/224) of re-positive cases were re-tested negative in 28 d after re-positive date. No fever and other symptoms had been observed among re-positive cases during the whole follow-up. No secondary infectious cases had been found among close contacts after 14 d of centralized isolation and sampling screening. Univariate logistic regression model analysis revealed that the influencing factors of the re-positive cases included age, occupation, clusters, clinical types, and admission time. Multivariate logistic regression model analysis revealed that age was an independent risk factor. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 viral nucleic acid re-positive is found in COVID-19 confirmed cases after discharge in Guangdong Province. Most re-positive cases are confirmed among 14 d after discharge and re-test to negative among 28 d after re-positive date. Age is an risk factor for re-positive cases after discharge.
COVID-19 ; China/epidemiology* ; Epidemics ; Humans ; Male ; Nucleic Acids ; SARS-CoV-2

Objective:To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice status of ophthalmic nurses on prevention and control of intraocular infection in grade Ⅲ class A hospitals.Methods:A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice of 236 nurses on prevention and control of intraocular infection in the ophthalmology department of 8 grade Ⅲ class A hospitals in Zhengzhou from January to June 2020. The correlation between the knowledge, attitude and practice were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and the influencing factors of each term were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.Results:The scores of knowledge, attitude, practice of all nurses were (26.08 ± 2.46), (67.45 ± 8.48), (50.31 ± 6.67) points, and the scoring rate were (87.0 ± 8.2)%, (84.3 ± 10.1)%, (83.9 ± 9.8)%, respectively. The scores of each dimension of knowledge, attitude and practice were significantly positively correlated ( r values were 0.26-0.42, all P<0.05), respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that education background, professional title and training experience of infection were the influencing factors of knowledge score ( P<0.05), education background, professional title, training experience of infection and demand were the influencing factors of attitude score ( P<0.05), and nursing age and work post were the influencing factors of practice score ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The level of knowledge, attitude and practice of ophthalmic nurses in grade Ⅲ class A hospitals on prevention and control of intraocular infection is overall good. Hospital management department still needs to make reasonable management countermeasures according to personnel characteristics to improve the knowledge, attitude and practice level of ophthalmic nurses and to reduce post-operative intraocular infection.

Objective To analyze the clinical courses and outcomes of COVID-19 cases and the influencing factors in Guangdong province and provide basis for the formulation or adjustment of medical care and epidemic control strategy for COVID-19. Methods We collected demographic data, medical histories, clinical courses and outcomes of 1 350 COVID-19 patients reported in Guangdong as of 4 March 2020 via epidemiological investigation and process tracking. Disease severity and clinical course characteristics of the patients and influencing factors of severe illness were analyzed in our study. Results Among 1 350 cases of COVID-19 cases in Guangdong, 72 (5.3%) and 1049 (77.7%) were mild and ordinary cases, 164 (12.1%) were severe cases, 58 (4.3%) were critical cases and 7 (0.5%) were fatal. The median duration of illness were 23 days ( P 25 - P 75 : 18-31 days) and the median length of hospitalization were 20 days ( P 25 - P 75 : 15-27 days). For severe cases, the median time of showing severe manifestations was on the 12th day after onset ( P 25 - P 75 : 9th to 15th days), and the median time of severe manifestation lasted for 8 days P 25 - P 75 : 4-14 days). Among 1 066 discharged/fetal cases, 36.4% (36/99) and 1.0% (1/99) of the mild cases developed to ordinary cases and severe cases respectively after admission; and 5.2% (50/968) and 0.6% (6/968) of the ordinary cases developed to severe cases, and critical cases respectively after admission. In severe cases, 11.4% developed to critical cases (10/88). The influencing factors for severe illness or worse included male (a HR =1.87, 95% CI : 1.43-2.46), older age (a HR =1.67, 95% CI : 1.51-1.85), seeking medical care on day 2-3 after onset (a HR =1.73, 95% CI : 1.20-2.50) pre-existing diabetes (a HR =1.75, 95% CI : 1.12-2.73) and hypertension (a HR =1.49, 95% CI : 1.06-2.09). Conclusions The course of illness and length of hospitalization of COVID-19 cases were generally long and associated with severity of disease clinical outcomes. The severe cases were mainly occurred in populations at high risk. In the epidemic period, classified management of COVID-19 cases should be promoted according to needs for control and prevention of isolation and treatment for the purpose of rational allocation of medical resources.

Objective:Analysis of clustering characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Guangdong Province.Methods:The COVID-19 cases in Guangdong Province onset from January 1 to February 29, 2020 were collected from Chinese information system for disease control and prevention and Emergency Public Reporting System. Obtain the epidemiological survey data of the cluster epidemic situation, and clarify the scale of cluster epidemic situation, the characteristics of the index cases, family and non-family subsequent cases. Calculate serial interval according to the onset time of the index cases and subsequent cases, secondary attack rate based on the close contacts tracking results, the characteristics of different cases in the clustered epidemic were compared.Results:A total of 283 cluster were collected, including 633 index cases, 239 subsequent cases. Families are mainly clustered, the total number involved in each cluster is in the range of 2-27, M( P25, P75) are 2.0 (2.0, 4.0). During January 15 to February 29, the secondary attack rate is 2.86% (239/8 363) in Guangdong Province, the family secondary attack rate was 4.84% (276/3 697), and the non-family secondary attack rate was 1.32% (61/4 632). According to the reporting trend of the number of cases in Guangdong Province, it can be divided into four stages, the rising stage, the high platform stage, the descending stage and the low level fluctuation period. The secondary attack rate of the four stages were 3.5% (140/3 987), 2.3% (55/2 399), 2.6% (37/1 435), 1.3% (7/542), respectively. The difference was statistically significant ( P=0.003). Conclusion:COVID-19 cluster mainly occurs in families in Guangdong Province. The scale of the clustered epidemic was small; the serial interval was short; and the overall secondary attack rate was low.

Objective:Analysis of clustering characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Guangdong Province.Methods:The COVID-19 cases in Guangdong Province onset from January 1 to February 29, 2020 were collected from Chinese information system for disease control and prevention and Emergency Public Reporting System. Obtain the epidemiological survey data of the cluster epidemic situation, and clarify the scale of cluster epidemic situation, the characteristics of the index cases, family and non-family subsequent cases. Calculate serial interval according to the onset time of the index cases and subsequent cases, secondary attack rate based on the close contacts tracking results, the characteristics of different cases in the clustered epidemic were compared.Results:A total of 283 cluster were collected, including 633 index cases, 239 subsequent cases. Families are mainly clustered, the total number involved in each cluster is in the range of 2-27, M( P25, P75) are 2.0 (2.0, 4.0). During January 15 to February 29, the secondary attack rate is 2.86% (239/8 363) in Guangdong Province, the family secondary attack rate was 4.84% (276/3 697), and the non-family secondary attack rate was 1.32% (61/4 632). According to the reporting trend of the number of cases in Guangdong Province, it can be divided into four stages, the rising stage, the high platform stage, the descending stage and the low level fluctuation period. The secondary attack rate of the four stages were 3.5% (140/3 987), 2.3% (55/2 399), 2.6% (37/1 435), 1.3% (7/542), respectively. The difference was statistically significant ( P=0.003). Conclusion:COVID-19 cluster mainly occurs in families in Guangdong Province. The scale of the clustered epidemic was small; the serial interval was short; and the overall secondary attack rate was low.