Objective: To compare and analyze the antibacterial effects of platelets against five common clinical pathogenic bacteria including MRSA, SE, SA, E. coli, and CRKP, and to preliminarily explore the role of DCD sensitivity in the observed variations of antibacterial effects. Methods: The same number of platelets were used to establish co-culture systems of platelets and platelet lysates with the five pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial effects of platelets and platelet lysates on the five pathogenic bacteria were evaluated by observing the turbidity of the bacterial solution, measuring the OD value of the bacterial solution and counting the colonies. The supernatant protein of platelets co-cultured with MRSA was collected for quantitative proteomics analysis to explore the important antibacterial proteins of platelets. The content of DCD in the supernatant after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with the five pathogenic bacteria was detected by ELISA to preliminarily analyze the reasons for the different antibacterial effects of platelets on the five pathogenic bacteria. Results: Compared with the control group of MRSA, SA, and SE, the turbidity of the bacterial solution decreased after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with MRSA, SA, and SE for 12 h, and the OD value and colony count were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The turbidity of the bacterial solution did not change significantly after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with E. coli for 24 h, but the OD value decreased (P<0.05), and the colony count decreased to 10 CFU/mL but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Compared with the control group of CRKP, the turbidity, OD value, and colony count of the bacterial solution did not change significantly after co-culture of platelets and platelet lysates with CRKP (P>0.05). Proteomics results showed that after co-culture with MRSA, important proteins related to platelet activation, including collagen, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, integrin αIIbβ3, platelet glycoprotein V and IV were significantly up-regulated. ELISA results showed that after co-culture with the five pathogenic bacteria, platelets could secrete a large amount of DCD, with the content around 3 μg/mL. Conclusion: The antibacterial effect of platelets on Gram-positive bacteria MRSA, SA, and SE is better than that on Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and CRKP, and platelets have the best antibacterial effect on MRSA. The differences in antibacterial effects of platelets on the five pathogenic bacteria may be related to the sensitivity of DCD antibacterial peptides to the five pathogenic bacteria.

Objective To analyze the ability of micro-implant nails placed in different locations in the posterior re-gion to improve the hard and soft tissues of the labiodental region in patients with gummy smiles to provide a reference for clinicians.Methods This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee,and informed consent was ob-tained from the patients.Thirty young female patients with anterior tooth protrusions and gummy smiles were included in the retrospective study;18 patients had micro-implant nails implanted between the premolars(group A),and 12 pa-tients had implant nails placed between the roots of the premolar and the molar and an intraoperatively placed rocking-chair archwire(group B).The preoperative and postoperative distances from the incisal end of the upper mesial incisors to the lower point of the upper lip(U1-Stms),the vertical distance from the incisal end of the upper mesial incisors to the palatal plane(U1-PP),the vertical distance from the point of the alveolar ridge to the palatal plane(Spr-PP),the dis-tance from the incisal end of the upper mesial incisors to the point of the alveolar margin(U1-Spr),and the vertical dis-tance from the point of the proximal middle buccal cusp of the maxillary first molar to the palatal plane of the maxillary first molar(U6-PP)were measured in the cephalometric lateral radiographs of the two groups;additionally,the amount of hard and soft tissues of the upper anterior region exposedduring smiling and the maximum amount of gingiva exposed during smiling were assessed from the smile photograph.Results After correction,the lip-dentition relationship im-proved significantly in both groups,with an average reduction of 2.6 mm in U1-Stms,2.4 mm in U1-PP,1.4 mm in Spr-PP,and 0.9 mm in U1-Spr in Group A.In group B,the U1-Stms was reduced by an average of 2.3 mm,the U1-PPs by an average of 1.6 mm,the Spr-PPs by 1.4 mm,and the U1-Spr by 0.2 mm.The difference between pre-and postoperative U6-PP in both groups was not significant(P＞0.05).Group A had greater ?U1-PP and ?U1-Spr changes than group B(P＜0.05).There was no difference between the two groups in terms of ?U1-Stms or ?Spr-PP(P＞0.05).The amount of soft and hard tissue exposed and maximum amount of gingiva exposed in the upper anterior region of the smile were reduced in 30 patients postoperatively,with group A having anaverage reduction of 70.19%of the preoperative amount of soft and hard tissue exposed in the upper anterior region and an average reduction of 24.12%of the preoperative max-imum amount of gingiva exposed,and group B having an average reduction of 76.12%of the preoperative amount of hard and soft tissue exposed in the upper anterior region and an average reduction of 31.88%of the preoperative maxi-mum gingiva exposed after the operation.The difference in the ratio between the two groups was not statistically sig-nificant(P＞0.05).Conclusion For patients with proptosis and gummy smiles,placing micro-implant nails between the roots of maxillary premolars can effectively lead to retraction and intrusion of anterior teeth to improve the lip-denti-tion relationship and improve gummy smile,and placing micro-implant nails between the roots of the maxillary second premolar and the first molar together with the use of rocking chair arches can also achieve a good therapeutic effect.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of disc repositioning surgery combined with orthodontic treatment in patients with temporomandibular disorder and facial asymmetry.Methods One patient who underwent disc repositioning surgery combined with orthodontic treatment for temporomandibular joint disorder and facial asymme-try was reported.Preoperatively,the patient had a skewed shape of the opening,mild pressure pain in the right preauric-ular region with left mandibular deviation,and a mismatch between the width of the upper and lower dental arches.In the arthrosurgery department,bilateral temporomandibular disc replacement and anchorage were performed through a transauricular incision,and an auxiliary splint was worn to stabilize the jaw position for 6 months.In the orthopedic de-partment,maxillary skeletal expansion was used in combination with the multiloop edgewise archwire technique to re-construct the occlusion after 16 months of orthodontic treatment.Results The deviation was corrected by wearing an occlusal splint for six months after joint repositioning and anchoring;moreover,the pain symptoms disappeared,and the cone beam CT examination showed that the bilateral temporomandibular joint space was uniformly enlarged,the lower alveolar ridge midline deviated to the right,the posterior regions of the teeth were bilaterally inverted,and the anterior region and the posterior region of the left side were open.The orthodontic treatment matched the width of the upper and lower dental arches and established the cuspal molar neutrality relationship and the normal overjet coverage of the ante-rior teeth;additionally,the mandibular position was not obviously skewed.A review of the results of the related litera-ture shows that abnormal occlusal relationships,such as mismatched arch width and skewed occlusal plane,can cause adaptive mandibular deviation,which can lead to the occurrence of TMD.Temporomandibular joint disc anchorage with splint treatment can effectively improve maxillofacial deformity in young TMD patients.After the establishment of a sta-ble,physiologically functional disc-condylar relationship,orthodontic treatment is required to remove the interfering fac-tors to rebuild the occlusion,and long-term postoperative review and follow-up are needed.Conclusion In patients with TMD and mandibular accommodative deviation due to occlusal anomalies,establishing a normal disc-condylar rela-tionship and eliminating occlusal interference through disc repositioning surgery combined with orthodontic treatment can effectively improve facial shape and establish a stable jaw position.

Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inheritable disorder that presents with bone marrow failure, developmental anomalies, and an increased susceptibility to cancer. The etiology of this condition stems from a genetic mutation that disrupts the proper repair of interstrand DNA cross-links (ICLs). The resultant dysregulation of the DNA damage response mechanism can induce genomic instability, thereby elevating the mutation rates and the likelihood of developing cancer. The FA pathway assumes a pivotal role in safeguarding genome stability through its involvement in the repair of DNA cross-links and the maintenance of overall genomic integrity. A mutation in the germ line of any of the genes responsible for encoding the FA protein results in the development of FA. The prevalence of aberrant FA gene expression in somatic cancer, coupled with the identification of a connection between FA pathway activation and resistance to chemotherapy, has solidified the correlation between the FA pathway and cancer. Consequently, targeted therapies that exploit FA pathway gene abnormalities are being progressively developed and implemented. This review critically examines the involvement of the FA protein in the repair of ICLs, the regulation of the FA signaling network, and its implications in cancer pathogenesis and prognosis. Additionally, it explores the potential utility of small-molecule inhibitors that target the FA pathway.

Objective:To analyse the clinical characteristics and antiviral therapy in immunosuppressed hospitalized patients with influenza.Methods:The clinical data of 273 patients with positive influenza A or B virus nucleic acid admitted in Peking University People’s Hospital from November 2015 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 123 were immunosuppressed and 150 were non-immunosuppressed. The clinical characteristics and antiviral therapy in immunosuppressed patients with influenza were analyzed. SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results:Chemotherapy for malignancies was the most common cause of immunosuppression (61.8%, 76/123), followed by haemopoietic stem cell transplantation (24.4%, 30/123). The common symptoms were fever (93.5%, 115/123) and cough (41.5%, 51/123). The proportions of co-infections (22.8%, 28/123) and complications (43.9%, 54/123) in immunosuppressed hospitalized patients were higher than those in non-immunosuppressed patients ( χ2=9.365 and 7.496, both P<0.01). Compared with single drug therapy, combination of antiviral drugs did not shorten the fever time, negative conversion time of virus nucleic acid and the length of hospital stay, and reduce the death ( U/ χ2=312.5, 356.0, 749.5 and 0.185, all P>0.05). Compared to patients without corticosteroids use, the use of corticosteroids did not increase mortality in immunosuppressed patients ( χ2=2.508, P=0.113). Conclusions:Classical symptoms may be absent in immunosuppressed patients with influenza, and early detection of influenza virus is still an important means of early diagnosis. Co-infections and complications are more common in immunosuppressed influenza patients. Immunosuppressed influenza patients did not benefit from the combination of antiviral therapy.

Objective:To investigate the effect of autophagy related gene Atg101 on white adipocyte senescence.Methods:An Atg101 knockdown model of 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes was constructed to probe the effect of Atg101 on autophagy-related proteins LC3 and p62 protein. The RNA-seq database of human subcutaneous adipose tissue was constructed and analyzed, and the co-expressed gene set was predicted based on the pearson correlation coefficient( R2>0.4, P<0.05) between FPKM values of Atg101 and other gene, followed by KEGG and Reactome enrichment analysis. Young mouse(8 weeks old) and old mouse(18 months old) models were established, and the expression levels of Atg101 in inguinal white adipose tissue and epididymal white adipose tissue were detected by quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR) and Western blot. Furthermore, the differences in white adipocyte senescence-associated secretory phenotype(SASP), cell cycle and mitochondrial homeostasis-related genes were detected by RNA-seq, Western blot, and RT-qPCR to analyze the effects of Atg101 silencing on adipocyte senescence. Results:The autophagy-related protein LC3-Ⅱ expression was significantly decreased and p62 protein was induced after Atg101 was knockdowned in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, suggesting impaired cell autophagy. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that Atg101 co-expressed gene set was mainly enriched in autophagy and senescence-related pathways; Reactome enrichment analysis revealed that this gene set was associated with multiple cell cycle signaling pathways. RT-qPCR and Western blot confirmed that both mRNA and protein levels of Atg101 were down-regulated in inguinal white adipose tissue of aging mice, and protein levels in epididymal white adipose tissue were also significantly reduced. Finally, it was further confirmed that SASP-related genes were induced after Atg101 knockdown in white adipocytes, and cell cycle-specific gene expression was restricted and cytokine-dependent protein kinase inhibitors p16 and p21 expressions were significantly increased, while mitochondrial homeostasis regulatory genes were also suppressed.Conclusions:Knockdown of Atg101 may regulate white adipocyte senescence by inhibiting autophagic activity, presenting impaired mitochondrial homeostasis.

Objective To evaluate the safety of immediate breast reconstruction using deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps in the patients after neoadjuvant treatment. Methods From January 2019 to February 2021, the data of patients with breast cancer undergoing total mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction using DIEP flap in Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital were collected. Comparison of clinicopathological features was done between neoadjuvant treatment group and control group. Univariate analysis was used to compare the rate of surgical complications between two groups. Results A total of 110 patients were enrolled with 23 cases (20.9%) in neoadjuvant treatment group and 87 cases (79.1%) in control group. None of carcinoma in situ (0 vs. 19.5%, P=0.003) and higher pTNM stage (P<0.001) was present in neoadjuvant treatment group compared with those in control group. However, there were no significant differences in the number of flap perforator of DIEP (P=0.472), the proportion of bipedicled flaps (P=0.489), operative time (P=0.651) and hospital length of stay (P=0.275) between two groups. No significant difference was found in the incidence of postoperative complications between two groups. Breast seroma was the most common recipient complication (13.0%, 3 cases) without donor complication in neoadjuvant treatment group. The most common complication was fat necrosis (12.6%, 11 cases) in recipient site and abdominal seroma (3.4%, 3 cases) in donor site of control group. Reoperation was done in one case (4.3%) of neoadjuvant treatment group and 4 cases (4.6%) of control group. DIEP flap necrosis with total flap loss occurred in 2 cases (2.3%) in control group, but none in neoadjuvant treatment group. Conclusions The imme-diate breast reconstruction with epigastric free flap for breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant treatment would be a safe surgical scheme.

Objective To investigate the correlation between apolipoprotein and homocysteine levels with the stability of carotid plaque and the degree of stenosis??Methods One hundred elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction from January 2017 to December 2017 were collected continuously in Harbin Fourth Hospital,All patients underwent color Doppler ultrasound examination of carotid artery??They were divided into stable plaque group and unstable plaque group according to the results of color Doppler ultrasound,then according to the degree of stenosis they were divided into intimal thickening group with 23 cases, mild stenosis (stenosis degree＜50%) with 26 cases,moderate stenosis group (50%≤stenosis degree＜70%) with 28 cases,severe stenosis group (70%≤stenosis degree) with 23 cases??All the patients were selected to collect the blood of the elbow in the early morning to detect the level of apolipoprotein B and Hcy??Results Compared with unstable plaque group, smoking, drinking, hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c), ApoB and Hcy had significant differences (all P＜0??05)??Gender,history of diabetes mellitus,history of hypertension,systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL?C),triglyceride (TG) There was no significant difference in total cholesterol ( TC) and total cholesterol ( all P＞0??05)??Multivariate logistic regression was performed after correcting the related risk factors excluding blood lipids??The results showed that alcohol ( OR＝ 1??247 ( 95%CI: 0??626－1??958), P＝ 0??043), Hcy ( OR＝ 3??163 ( 95%CI: 1??824 －4??772),P＝0??045), bloodpressure ( OR＝1??286 ( 95%CI: 0??688－2??005), P＝0??027), HbA1c ( OR＝3??671(95%CI: 1??904－6??630),P＝0??011),ApoB (OR＝1??717(95%CI: 1??005－2??634),P＝0??036), LDL?C(OR＝1??516(95%CI: 0??968－2??489),P＝0??024),TC( OR＝1??403( 95%CI: 0??801－2??343),P＝0??030) and TG ( OR＝1??342 ( 95%CI: 0??712－2??198), P＝0??019) are independent risk factors for unstablecarotid plaque and severe carotid stenosis??Conclusion Apolipoprotein and homocysteine may be independent predictors of unstable carotid plaque and severity of carotid stenosis??

Objective:To explore the influence of gender and age on the measurement of cone beam CT (CBCT) in normal and occluded craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area.Methods:A total of 80 CBCT data of normal and occluded craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area were collected,including 40 adults [16 males and 24 females,aged (17.57±1.83) years] and 40 children[16 males and 24 females,age (11.50±1.26) years].Threedimensional cephalometric measurements were carried out by Dolphion Imaging software,and the influence of gender and age was compared.Results:The symmetry of craniofacial hard tissues in male and female in the adults was good (the maximum asymmetric rate R was 6.39％ and the minimum asymmetric rate R was 0.08％).There was no significant differencein the anterior palatal width,palatal width,the upper incisor protrusion distance,the lower incisor protrusion distance,hyoid-mandibular plane,basal epiglottis width,and palatal plane airway width between the males and females (all P＞0.05);while the remaining indicators were significantly higher in males than those in females (all P＜0.05).There was no significant gender difference in angle indicators (all P＞0.05).There were significant differences in the posterior height,the maxillary length,the lower incisor protrusion,and the mandibular plane angle between the adults and the children(all P＜0.05);but the rest of indicators were not significant difference (all P＞0.05).Conclusion:The symmetry of craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area is good.The gender and age affect the line space measurements but not affect the most of the angle measurements.

Background and purpose: The position of thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) expression during cell division is in the cytoplasm. It is a catalytic enzyme to convert deoxythymidine into thymidylate. It is the key enzyme of pyrimidine salvage pathway. The aim of this study was to analyze the serum expression level of TK1 in patients with breast cancer, and explore the application of serum TK1 test in clinical assessments of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for breast cancer. Methods: Patient data were collected from the patients admitted in Comprehensive Breast Health Center at Rui Jin Hospital. Chemiluminesence dot blot assay was used to detect serum TK1 levels in 145 breast cancer patients and 55 patients with breast ifbroadenoma. The correlations of serum TK1 levels with breast tumor biological behavior was further studied. Results:Serum TK1 expression levels was signiifcantly increased in breast cancer patients [(2.749±0.122)pmol/L] when compared to breast fibroadenoma patients[(1.319±0.126)pmol/L, P<0.000 1]. Serum TK1 levels were statistically increased in patients with lymph node metastasis (P=0.049), distal metastasis (P=0.003 1), and late TNM stages (P=0.01). No serum TK1 level differences were found in patients with different ages (P>0.05), different tumor grades (P=0.453) and different tumor size (P=0.908). Preoperative imaging results including breast ultrasound, breast mammography and breast magnetic resonance were analyzed by assessments of BI-RADS category, and serum TK1 levels in patients with different BI-RADS categories were studied. Serum TK1 levels in patients with breast ultrasound BI-RADS categories 4C-6 were signiifcantly higher than those with category 0-4B (P<0.001). Consistently, the serum TK1 levels in patients with MR BI-RADS categories 4C-6 were higher than categories 0-4B (P=0.005). The serum TK1 levels in patients with mammography BI-RADS categories 4C-6 were higher than categories 0-4B (P=0.032). The serum TK1 levels were signiifcantly increased in patients with ER high expression in breast tumor tissues than those with low expression (P=0.034). Serum TK1 levels had no differences in patients with different expression levels of PR, HER-2 and MIB-1 (P>0.05). Most patients were followed up in our outpatient department for about 2 years. No progression-free survival differences were found in 2years. Conclusion:Serum TK1 test might be a potential tool for screening, prognosis determination and effect evaluations of targeted therapy in breast carcinoma.